Preparation of CaO granules using the granulation method

ABSTRACT

Improving the hydration resistance of CaO particle in manufacturing and application of free CaO-containing materials has practical significance. In this study, CaO granules was made from Ca(OH)₂ particles, which were fabricated by the granulation method. The results showed that the hydration resistance of the CaO granules which was prepared under 1700?r?min^?1 was the best, the CaO granules was sintered well in calcination process, the shell of CaO granules was relatively dense, which improves the hydration resistance of CaO granules, and the rate of hydration weight increment was 0.58% after placed in the air for 20 days under a temperature of 10–14°C and a relative humidity of 57–81%.     

Studying the effect of organo-modified nanoclay loading on the thermal stability,flame retardant,anti-corrosive and mechanical properties of polyurethane nanocomposite for surface coating

Clay polyurethane nanocomposite (CPN) coating films were fabricated by uniformly dispersing nanoclay, organically modified with 25–30 wt.% octadecylamine in varying concentrations up to 5 wt.%, in a commercial two component, glossy, acrylic aliphatic polyurethane using ultrasonication. Organo-modified nanoclay was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dispersion of the nanoclay into the matrix was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). CPN coating films were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and flame retardant, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties were also investigated. The XRD measurement indicated that, the organo-modified nanoclay particles were mainly constituted of montmorillonite with traces of quartz and calcite also found to be present. The SEM analysis showed that the nanoclay layers were dispersed and intercalated into the polyurethane coating. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that incorporating 5 wt.% organo-nanoclay into polyurethane considerably enhanced the thermal stability and increased the char residue to 14.11 wt.% relative to 4.58 for the sample without organo-nanoclay (blank polyurethane). The limiting oxygen index (LOI) test revealed that incorporation of organo-nanoclay led to a further increase in LOI values, which indicate an improvement in flame retardancy properties. The corrosion resistance also improved and this improvement increases with increase nanoclay wt.%. The mechanical resistance measurements demonstrated that the gloss of the CPN coating films slightly decreased, although hardness, adhesion and impact resistance of the CPN coating films improved with the incorporation of the organo-nanoclay.     

机制砂混凝土耐磨性的主要影响因素分析及多因素计算模型

本文研究了砂类型、砂率、石粉含量和抗压强度对机制砂混凝土耐磨性的影响,建立了磨损量的多因素计算模型。结果表明:由于含石粉及具有更高的粗糙度和坚固性,石灰岩与辉绿岩机制砂制备的C30、C40混凝土耐磨性比河砂混凝土提高20%以上;在0.40~0.44范围内选取较低的砂率可获得较优的耐磨性;利用石粉含量为5%~11%(质量分数)的机制砂制备混凝土,石粉含量为9%时可获得最佳的混凝土耐磨性,微观分析表明此时混凝土密实度最佳;通过灰色系统理论确定了耐磨性影响因素的影响程度排序为:砂率R₃>压碎值R₂>粗糙度R₁>抗压强度R₅>石粉含量R₄>0.6;对比验证表明提出的混凝土磨损量多因素计算模型具有较高的预测精度和良好的适用性。     

Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) as a 3D In Vitro Evaluation Tool of Nanoparticles

Multicellular tumor spheroid models (MCTS) are often coined as 3D in vitro models that can mimic the microenvironment of tissues. MCTS have gained increasing interest in the nano‐biotechnology field as they can provide easily accessible information on the performance of nanoparticles without using animal models. Considering that many countries have put restrictions on animals testing, which will only tighten in the future as seen by the recent developments in the Netherlands, 3D models will become an even more valuable tool. Here, an overview on MCTS is provided, focusing on their use in cancer research as most nanoparticles are tested in MCTS for treatment of primary tumors. Thereafter, various types of nanoparticles—from self‐assembled block copolymers to inorganic nanoparticles, are discussed. A range of physicochemical parameters including the size, shape, surface chemistry, ligands attachment, stability, and stiffness are found to influence nanoparticles in MCTS. Some of these studies are complemented by animal studies confirming that lessons from MCTS can in part predict the behaviour in vivo. In summary, MCTS are suitable models to gain additional information on nanoparticles. While not being able to replace in vivo studies, they can bridge the gap between traditional 2D in vitro studies and in vivo models.     

硼氢化钠对滑轮用铸钢板化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜性能的影响

在滑轮用铸钢板上化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜,并研究了硼氢化钠的质量浓度对化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜性能的影响。结果表明:适当增加硼氢化钠的质量浓度,有利于增大化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜的厚度及硼的质量分数,从而提高化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜的硬度。当硼氢化钠的质量浓度大于1.2 g/L时,硼氢化钠的水解速率加快及剧烈的析氢反应,导致化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜的厚度及硬度有所降低。当硼氢化钠的质量浓度为1.2 g/L时,化学镀Ni-B合金薄膜表面"胞状"颗粒均匀、致密,摩擦因数和磨损率最低,具有最佳的耐磨性。     

Effect of in-situ formation of columnar mullite and pore structure refinement on high temperature properties of corundum casatbles

The effects of in-situ synthesis columnar mullite and pore structure on the hot modulus of rupture (HMOR), thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance of corundum castables have been investigated in this paper. When 2% nano silica was added, the pore diameters of castables could be decreased to 15 nm (at 110 °C), 1 μm (1100 °C) and 6 μm (1500 °C), respectively. The corresponding reducing magnitude of pore size is 98.5%, 83.3% and 33.3%. The HMOR of castables fired at 1500 °C increased by 110% to 3.64 MPa. Furthermore, after three thermal shock cycles, the residual strength ratio of castables increased from 5.2% to 15.3%. A large amount of cross-distributed columnar mullite was formed between nano silica and α-Al₂O₃ by the two-dimensional nucleation mechanism, which remarkably enhanced the high temperature properties. The penetration index reduced from 30.86% to 19.88%, suggesting that smaller pore size and higher viscosity had a great influence to the penetration process.     

齐大山铁矿南帮含水构造带探测研究

为解决采空区突发涌水给矿山安全生产带来的安全威胁,以齐大山铁矿为研究对象,以高密度电阻率法含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟研究为基础,运用高密度电阻率法对采场南帮含水构造带的异常范围进行了圈定;运用瞬变电磁法进行了二次探测,并对高密度电阻率法所圈定的异常范围进行了验证。研究表明:含水构造带显示为低阻异常特征,在高密度电阻率法探测成果图中显示的两处低阻异常与含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟结果一致;同时,在瞬变电磁法探测成果图中显示的低阻区域均在高密度电阻率法所圈定的低阻异常范围内,二者相互验证,这两处低阻异常均为含水构造带的地球物理异常特征的显示,表明采用高密度电阻率法和瞬变电磁法组合识别技术可实现对隐伏含水构造带的先导性探测。     

核聚变堆用钨表面超精密抛光的研究现状与趋势

钨作为未来核聚变堆中最有前景的面向等离子体材料,在反应堆工况下将承受高能粒子的辐照冲击。表面质量的好坏会直接影响材料的氢/氦滞留行为和辐照损伤程度,进而影响聚变堆的安全性和可靠性。现阶段,针对钨的抗辐照改性研究主要着眼于材料的成分、结构和组织设计,关于机械加工对材料表面抗辐照改性的研究甚少。文章聚焦前沿科学问题,从机械加工角度分析核材料领域科学问题,结合国内外相关研究成果及核聚变堆用钨(PFM-W)的机械加工现状,阐述了PFM-W表面超精密抛光的必要性。通过对比不同抛光方法,提出了磁流变抛光和力流变抛光是较为适合PFM-W表面超精密加工的观点,并对未来PFM-W表面超精密抛光研究趋势进行了分析,重点在抛光方法的探索以及抛光后材料表面质量对抗辐照性能影响的研究。