Extending the color gamut and dynamic range of an sRGB image using a residual image

Image sources, such as digital camera captures and photographic negatives, typically have more information than can be reproduced on a photographic print or a video display. The information that is lost during the tone/color rendering process relates to both the extended dynamic range and color gamut of the original scene. In conventional photographic systems, most of this additional information is archived on the photographic negative and can be accessed by adjusting the way the negative is printed. However, most digital imaging systems have traditionally archived only a rendered video RGB image. As a result, it is not possible to make the same sorts of image manipulations that historically have been possible with conventional photographic systems. This suggests that there would be an advantage to storing images using an extended dynamic range/color gamut color encoding. However, because of file compatibility issues, digital imaging systems that store images using color encoding other than a standard video RGB representation (e.g., sRGB) would be significantly disadvantaged in the marketplace. In this article, we describe a solution that has been developed to maintain compatibility with existing file formats and software applications, while simultaneously retaining the extended dynamic range and color gamut information associated with the original scenes. With this approach, the input raw digital camera image or film scan is first transformed to the scene‐referred ERIMM RGB color encoding. Next, a rendered sRGB image is formed in the usual way and stored in a conventional image file (e.g., a standard JPEG file). A residual image representing the difference between the original extended dynamic range image and the final rendered image is formed and stored in the image file using proprietary metadata tags. This provides a mechanism for archiving the extended dynamic range/color gamut information, which is normally discarded during the rendering process, without sacrificing interoperability. Appropriately enabled applications can decode the residual image metadata and use it to reconstruct the ERIMM RGB image, whereas applications that are not aware of the metadata will ignore it and only have access to the sRGB image. The residual image is formed such that it will have negligible pixel values for those portions of the image that lie within the sRGB gamut, and will therefore be highly compressible. Tests on a population of 950 real customer images have demonstrated that the extended dynamic range scene information can be stored with an average file size overhead of about 8% compared to the sRGB images alone. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 251–266, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10160     

图像奇异值特征矢量缩放不变性分析及应用

图像奇异值特征矢量以其稳定性和它在转置、平移、旋转和镜像变换下具有的不变性,被认为是一种图像的代数特征,广泛应用于图像匹配和图像识别。通过矩阵运算,证明了奇异值特征矢量在图像做缩放变换时具有不变性,并将这种性质运用于图像匹配。实验结果表明这种不变性与奇异值特征矢量在图像做转置、平移、旋转和镜像变换时所具有的不变性一样,是奇异值特征矢量能够作为图像代数特征的一个重要依据。     

对湖南电信企业文化建设的思考

中国电信南北拆分之后，原有的企业文化并不完全适应新的电信企业，尤其在统一的中国电信的旗号下，湖南电信如何建设有湖湘文化地域特点的企业文化，使之成为湖南电信企业的“灵魂”，本文对此进行了有益的思考，并期待成为抛砖引玉之作。     

实时数字引导中的数据处理

阐述了航天统一测控站在卫星和飞船发射过程中，实时数字引导中的数据处理。其中包括数据变换、数据的时间比对、外推估值等方法，提高了数字引导精度和设备的角度捕获能力。     

浅谈引进采掘设备应考虑的几个问题

引进采掘设备是个复杂的工作，它不但牵涉到采矿能力的提高，同时也要考虑相应工艺的配套和设备管理所带来的问题，因此，引进采掘设备必须系统研究。     

调频步进信号处理方法探讨

调频步进信号是一种新的高距离分辨率信号。文章首先简要阐述了线性调频信号的处理过程；其次对比步进频率、线性调频步进信号的处理过程，得到一种新的处理方法-合成处理法，最后通过仿真论证其正确性。     

火电厂实施废水零排放的可行性探讨

对合肥发电厂的用排水现状进行了介绍，并提出了实施废水零排放的可行性方案。     

DLL23XA双侧向测井仪的研制

以往双侧向测井仪动态范围小，测量精度低，为此开发了DLL23XA双侧向测井仪。该仪器主要单元采用厚膜电路，稳定性、一致性好；深、浅屏流源采用可变功率控制，提高了仪器的动态范围。仪器采用3506P例进行数据传输，可方便地配接各种地面系统。     

油气勘探开发投资绩效评价的指标选择探讨

从油气勘探、开发投资的特性出发,正确选择投资绩效评价指标,是保证评价科学性以及进行中外对比研究的前提条件。     

塔里木盆地地热场特征与油气

作者在收集了34口井的地温,部分井岩心和能谱测井资料的基础上,对塔里木盆地的地热场进行了研究,编制出盆地地温梯度图和深度分别为1000m、3000m、5000m的地温图。计算出盆地平均地温梯度为19.75℃/km,平均大地热流值为39.19mW/m~2,指出塔里木盆地地热场低于我国中、东部盆地,具“冷盆”性质。叶城凹陷地温梯度小于16℃/km,大地热流值为34.42mW/m~2,是盆内地热场最低之处,与前陆坳陷低地热场之特点一致。作者对塔里木盆地地热场特征进行分析后,得出了塔里木盆地最利于油气两种相态并存的结论。