主动迁移学习的海上任意方向船只目标检测

在基于深度学习的遥感图像目标检测任务中,船只目标通常呈现出任意方向排列的特性,而常见的水平框目标检测算法一般不能满足此类场景的应用需求。因此本文在单阶段Anchor-Free目标检测器CenterNet的基础上加入旋转角度预测分支,使其能输出旋转边界框,以用于海上船只目标的检测。同时针对海上船只遥感数据集仅有水平边界框标注,无法直接适用于旋转框目标检测,且人工手动标注旋转框标签成本较高的问题,提出一种主动迁移学习的旋转框标签生成方法。首先,提出一种水平框-旋转框约束筛选算法,通过水平真值边界框来对旋转预测框进行监督约束,筛选出检测精度较高的图像加入训练集,然后通过迭代这一过程筛选出更多的图像,最后通过标签类别匹配,完成对数据集的旋转框自动化标注工作。本文最终对海上船只遥感图像数据集BDCI中约65.59%的图片进行旋转框标注,并手动标注部分未标注的图片作为测试集,将本文方法标注的图片作为训练集进行验证,评估指标AP50达到90.41%,高于其他旋转框检测器,从而表明本文方法的有效性。     

改进FCOS的二阶段SAR舰船检测算法

近年来无锚框的目标检测算法逐渐被应用于SAR舰船检测,其中FCOS算法摆脱了对锚框参数设置的依赖,对多尺度、多形态舰船检测的鲁棒性更好,但仍存在两个问题：第一、该算法直接进行逐像素点回归,因搜索空间过大、目标回归困难导致检测不够准确;第二、其中特征金字塔对低层特征利用仍有不足导致小目标大量漏检。针对上述问题基于FCOS进行改进,通过增加特征增强网络构建了二阶段无锚框检测算法。该网络作为第一阶段对检测过程进行精细化引导,同时增强了舰船特征表达能力。通过引入更多特征并增加跳跃连接改进特征金字塔,提高了低层特征利用率。在数据集SSDD和SAR-Ship-Dataset上的实验结果表明,平均准确率（mAP）相比FCOS分别提高9.5和3.4个百分点,相比其他主流舰船检测算法分别提高3.6和1.0个百分点,充分验证了所提算法的有效性。     

Design of the low power wake-up receiver for internet of things communication

A wake-up receiver with high energy efficiency and low power consumption is proposed for solving the power consuming problems of wireless nodes communication in the Internet of Things. The proposed wake-up receiver based on the wake-up mechanism can effectively schedule the network nodes communication, and use the simple envelope detection structure to achieve frequency down-conversion, which can flexibly manage energy and reduce power consumption. Based on UMC 65nm CMOS process technology, the wake-up receiver is designed and simulated. The results show that it can achieve S₁₁ of -21dBm and a sensitivity of -75dBm at a data rate of 1Mb/s, when operating at the central frequency of 780MHz and input signal adopting an on-off keying (OOK) modulation, and the power consumption is 82μW at 1.2V voltage supply.     

Interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a photovoltaic InSb infrared detector

The transient characteristics can be significantly affected by the interface trap. In order to reveal the intrinsic mechanism and provide some references for the design of detectors, the interface trap effect on the transient characteristics of a back-illuminated photovoltaic InSb infrared detector is studied with two-dimensional simulations. The relationships between interface traps and some key physical parameters, such as the hole concentration, the recombination rate and the electric field, are analyzed to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of the influence of the interface traps on the transient characteristics. Studies show that with the increase of the interface trap density, the recombination rate and the electric field near the interface increase, the hole concentration decreases, and the “black holes” in current density distribution appear and move forward to the pn junction. And the transient photoresponse decreases with the increase of the interface trap density.     

面向车辆识别的样本自反馈式级联检测方法

以解决机器学习的样本提取问题、提高车辆识别的精度为目的,以Adaboost算法、级联检测方法、样本自反馈方法为基础,提出了一种面向车辆识别的样本自反馈式级联检测方法。方法兼具Adaboost级联检测器的架构优势和样本自反馈方法的样本扩充能力。通过前车图像的识别实例阐述了样本自反馈式级联检测方法的识别过程,进而使用常规Adaboost检测器和样本自反馈式级联检测方法对图像数据集进行了识别,将生产者精度、用户精度、总体识别精度、k值作为评价指标对识别效果进行了比较,证明了样本自反馈式级联检测方法具有较高的识别精度。分析了样本自反馈式级联检测方法个别评价指标较低的原因,提出了相应问题的解决思路。     

基于四象限探测器的红外导引头目标捕获和跟踪系统

设计的红外导引头主要为激光半主动制导半实物仿真系统的目标捕获装置,它的性能直接影响整个半实物仿真系统的定位精度。首先在详细分析了导引头的性能指标基础上设计一套红外导引头的光学系统,并用ZEMAX验证了光学系统设计的可行性;同时设计了四象限探测器的处理及采集电路,实现了目标方位信息的捕获;最后结合三轴运动转台的控制实现了目标的跟踪。本系统经实验验证能够在实验室环境下完成对激光目标模拟器的捕获和跟踪。     

航空维修用手持式智能超声探伤仪的研制

针对海军飞机原位探伤需要,应用超声检测和计算机技术,采用嵌入式系统,结合C语言编程,研制了手持式智能超声探伤仪,并对某型直升机尾桨叶大梁裂纹试件进行了探伤试验.结果表明仪器达到了设计要求,可用于海军各型飞机的超声探伤.     

Recent progress of CERN RD50 Collaboration

The objective of the CERN RD50 Collaboration is to develop radiation hard semiconductor detectors for very high luminosity colliders, in particular, for the upgrade of the large hadron collider （LHC） which itself is scheduled to be operational in 2007. The approach of the RD50 has two major research lines, material engineering and device engineering. These are further subdivided into projects covering defect characterization and engineering, new detector materials, detector characterization, new detector structures and full detector systems. Presently, 264 members from 53 institutes are actively participating in the RD50 Collaboration. Detectors made of defect engineered substrates, e.g. high resistivity magnetic Czochralski （MCz-Si）, epitaxial silicon （Epi-Si） on Czochralski silicon （Cz-Si） substrate, intentionally thermal donor （TD） compensated p-type MCz-Si and oxygen enriched （DOFZ） silicon, have been demonstrated by the RD50 Collaboration. An overview and highlights of the results of these defect engineering techniques were given in this report.     

研究Nd-Fe-B粉末材料中不同状态氧的新方法

基于不同氧化物与碳的结合能不同,与碳的还原反应在不同的分析条件下具有先后次序,用脉冲红外氧化物夹杂分析仪,对4μm的烧结Nd Fe B永磁材料粉末的氧化行为进行了方法研究。实验结果表明,通过合理设置参数,选用跟踪升温模式,可以快速分离Nd Fe B永磁材料粉末中的不同氧化物,并可以通过加权方法进行定性验证。     

基于压力平衡式的汽车燃油检漏仪的研制

为进行汽车燃油系统的密封器件的气密性检测研制了泄漏检测仪,该检测仪采用微差压原理,利用高精度差压传感器、精密对称气路和嵌入式系统组成测试装置,实现了对一定容积和压力下密封器件气密性的高精度检测.介绍了该检测仪的工作原理、硬件、软件结构和系统性能.