自适应混合多目标分布估计进化算法

针对多目标分布估计算法全局收敛性较弱的缺陷,提出了一种自适应混合多目标分布估计进化算法。其基本思想是:在多目标分布估计算法中引入全局收敛性较强的差分进化算法,当函数变化率较大时,用分布估计算法产生新种群;当函数变化率较小即算法可能陷入局部收敛时,用差分进化算法产生新种群。理论分析和数值实验结果表明,这种混合算法不仅具有良好的全局收敛性,而且解的分布性和均匀性较没有考虑目标函数变化率的混合多目标分布估计算法也有了一定程度的提高。     

校企合作创新网络信任的动态演进分析

从动态角度研究校企合作创新网络中知识转移中信任的演进,构建校企合作创新网络知识转移的非对称演化博弈模型,分析了参数变化对合作创新网络信任的影响,研究表明,收益分配系数、投机收益、知识转移成本、知识转移量等因素影响了校企合作创新网络知识转移中信任的动态演化路径及结果,并通过netlogo仿真,验证了企业和高校知识转移中不同得益情况下策略的选择及信任的演进趋势。     

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. IV. Effect of the nature of nitramines on aluminum agglomeration and combustion efficiency

The condensed combustion products of two model propellants consisting of ammonium perchlorate, aluminum, nitramine, and an energetic binder were studied by a sampling method. One of the propellants contained HMX with a particle size D ₁₀ ≈ 490 μm, and the other RDX with a particle size _{D 10} ≈ 380 μm. The particle-size distribution and the content of metallic aluminum in particles of condensed combustion products with a particle size of 1.2 μm to the maximum particle size in the pressure range of 0.1–6.5 MPa were determined with variation in the particle quenching distance from the burning surface to 100 mm. For agglomerates, dependences of the incompleteness of aluminum combustion on the residence time in the propellant flame were obtained. The RDX-based propellant is characterized by more severe agglomeration than the HMX-based propellant — the agglomerate size and mass are larger and the aluminum burnout proceeds more slowly. The ratio of the mass of the oxide accumulated on the agglomerates to the total mass of the oxide formed is determined. The agglomerate size is shown to be the main physical factor that governs the accumulation of the oxide on the burning agglomerate. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 78–92, July–August, 2006.     

Hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen evolution reaction on a polycrystalline Pt electrode studied by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on a polycrystalline Pt electrode has been investigated in Ar-purged acids by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical kinetic analysis (Tafel plot). A vibrational mode characteristic to H atom adsorbed at atop sites (terminal H) was observed at 2080-2095 cm⁻¹. This band appears at 0.1 V (RHE) and grows at more negative potentials in parallel to the increase in hydrogen evolution current. Good signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra enabled us to establish the quantitative relation between the band intensity (equivalently, coverage) of terminal H and the kinetics of HER, from which we conclude that terminal H atom is the reaction intermediate in HER and the recombination of two terminal H atoms is the rate-determining step. The quantitative analysis of the infrared data also revealed that the adsorption of terminal H follows the Frumkin isotherm with repulsive interaction.     

数字喷泉码及网络喷泉码的最新进展

数字喷泉码和网络编码都是提高网络传输效率的有效技术方法,两者的有机结合形成的网络喷泉码具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文首先对数字喷泉码的最新研究进展进行了综述,分别介绍了几类常见的数字喷泉码的相关研究工作;其次对当前网络喷泉码的研究现状进行了系统的总结,重点介绍了同构网络喷泉码、异构网络喷泉码和无线网络喷泉码的相关理论及其最新研究成果,并分析了研究中存在的问题;最后对网络喷泉码的相关理论及其应用的发展趋势进行了分析和展望。     

The influence of F doping on the activity of PbO2 film electrodes in oxygen evolution reaction

The PbO₂ and F⁻-doped PbO₂ (F-PbO₂) film electrodes have been prepared by an electrodeposition process onto platinum substrate. The changes of their electrochemical activity for oxygen evolution (OE) reaction with accelerated electrolysis time have been studied. The results show that the activity of the electrodes decreases with increasing electrolysis time. This can be attributed to the conductivity variations, which are caused by the decrease of the oxygen vacancy concentration in PbO₂ films during OE. The mechanism of the decrease of the oxygen vacancies has been investigated. For F-PbO₂ film electrodes, though its electrochemical activity is somewhat lower than that of undoped one, its activity stability is much higher in comparison with that of PbO₂. The influence of F⁻ doping on the activity of PbO₂ film electrodes has been also discussed.     

Photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light irradiation on Zn1-x Cu x S solid solution

The H₂ evolution reaction from an aqueous Na₂SO₃ solution proceeded with 3.7% quantum yield under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) on a Zn_0.957Cu_0.043S solid solution photocatalyst without co‐catalysts such as Pt. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Cinétique de dégagement des matières volatiles lors de la pyrolyse d'électrodes de carbone industrielles

In aluminium plants, the anode baking process is associated with an important release of volatile combustible matter. It is the purpose of this study to investigate the kinetics of the evolution of these volatiles. A large thermogravimetry set-up has been designed in such a way that it could simulate real plant conditions. Samples of two distinct masses have been subjected to pyrolysis at different heating regimes. The loss of weight together with the concentrations of the released gases were recorded on a continuous basis during the temperature rise. Kinetic results were found for methane, hydrogen and tar. No variation of the order of reaction with the heating rate was observed, whereas the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor increased. Furthermore, for the range of sample dimensions studied, it was found that the mass of the solid had no significant influence on the kinetic parameters.     

有向动态网络中基于模体演化的链路预测方法

以往传统的链路预测方法大多数针对无向网络,而实际上大多数社交网络是有向的,并且没有考虑网络中同一节点对之间的重复边以及微观演化信息,因此不能较好地解决有向动态网络中的链路预测问题。针对有向网络,将节点对之间的重复边信息转换为该节点对之间连边的权值;接着采用了基于三元组模体的演化模型,对滑动窗口中相邻时间片的模体转换概率进行统计后,采用指数加权滑动平均法对其进行时序分析得到不同模体转换概率的预测矩阵,进而使用该矩阵对网络中的链边进行预测。这不仅充分利用了网络微观演化信息,而且解决了动态网络中重复边的问题。最后对实验结果进行分析发现,在高全局聚类系数高平均度的网络中AUC相比Triad Transition Matrix方法提高了近0.01,而相比Common Neighbor方法提高更多。因此,所提方法能够较好地应用网络微观演化信息进行链路预测。     

城市雨洪放大效应驱动因子时空演变规律分析

城市雨洪具有复杂的放大效应,引起该现象较直接的原因包括大暴雨的频繁出现、可渗透地表面积的骤减以及排蓄水能力的改变和排水管网的扩张等。以武汉市为例,选择降雨强度、不透水面积比例、排水管道密度作为洪水放大效应的驱动因子进行趋势分析和演变规律分析,计算表明:从20世纪80年代开始,暴雨雨量和历时明显增加;不透水面在20世纪90年代初增加较快;排水管道在1990~2006年间缓慢增长,2007年跳跃式增长。降雨量和历时的增加使城市洪量增大,排水压力随之上升,在一定程度上增加了内涝几率;不透水面积的逐年增多以及水体等天然蓄水区的减少,不但增加了产流量,也使汇流时间更短,且雨水管渠的建设缩短了天然汇流路径,导致城市洪水呈现峰高量大,洪峰提前的放大效应。研究成果可用于城市雨洪放大效应对其驱动因子的定量响应研究,为进一步量化城市内涝风险与驱动因子间的关系提供依据,从而为内涝风险调控措施提供技术支撑。