A critical review of the most popular types of neuro control

In this review article, the most popular types of neural network control systems are briefly introduced and their main features are reviewed. Neuro control systems are defined as control systems in which at least one artificial neural network (ANN) is directly involved in generating the control command. Initially, neural networks were mostly used to model system dynamics inversely to produce a control command which pushes the system towards a desired or reference value of the output (1989). At the next stage, neural networks were trained to track a reference model, and ANN model reference control appeared (1990). In that method, ANNs were used to extend the application of adaptive reference model control, which was a well‐known control technique. This attitude towards the extension of the application of well‐known control methods using ANNs was followed by the development of ANN model‐predictive (1991), ANN sliding mode (1994) and ANN feedback linearization (1995) techniques. As the first category of neuro controllers, inverse dynamics ANN controllers were frequently used to form a control system together with other controllers, but this attitude faded as other types of ANN control systems were developed. However, recently, this approach has been revived. In the last decade, control system designers started to use ANNs to compensate/cancel undesired or uncertain parts of systems' dynamics to facilitate the use of well‐known conventional control systems. The resultant control system usually includes two or three controllers. In this paper, applications of different ANN control systems are also addressed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

FMS的模型参考自适应调度

用运筹学研究生产线调度问题已有几十年的历史,但由此得出的调度策略的实时性很差.1986年自动控制工作者提出了“PMS动态自适应计算机调”一词.令人感到十分新奇.可惜.从未见到任何有关的论文.本文研究FMS的模型参考自适应调度.本文采用我们提出的考虑了有限缓冲器容量的极大代数模型.环境的影响反映于对象参数的摄动,本文采用我们提出的摄动计算方法.调度器的设计采用次梯度法,以求解连续变量和离散变量混合的优化问题,附有数字实例,计算和仿真表明:FMS的模型参考自适应调度是可行的,是值得继续深入研究的。     

基于单幅图像景深和大气散射模型的去雾方法

为恢复雾天图像对比度和颜色,更好地提取图像中的信息,根据海上开阔海域的特点,利用3维到2维透视投影模型,推导了海上图像任意像素点景深的计算公式,并结合暗原色先验知识,有效解决基准景深点的选取和天空亮度的选取问题,最后基于相对景深模型和大气散射模型,对单幅雾天图像进行清晰化处理。通过大量雾天降质图像的实验验证,该算法的去雾效果优于基于暗原色先验统计方法的效果。     

Thermal expansion of Pyros from 20 to 1273 K

Pyros, which is a Ni-base alloy (82% Ni, 8% Cr, 4% W, 3% Mn, and 3% Fe), has been used extensively in France since 1926 as a temperature sensor and as a reference material for thermal expansion measurements. In this paper we present recent data on the expansion and expansivity of Pyros from 20 to 1273 K. Expansivity results, obtained by taking the derivative of a cubic-spline polynomial fitting performed to the L/L experimental data, show that Pyros is a stable material in the 20 to 1273 K temperature range. Furthermore, since the expansivity values are similar to those of steels, Pyros should be of special interest to laboratories which are concerned with expansion measurements on steels. Therefore, we suggest that Pyros be considered as a suitable reference material for thermal expansion measurements on steels, and until more accurate results are obtained, we propose our results as reference data between 20 and 1273 K.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

Design of a low temperature coefficient bandgap reference with a wide temperature range

In order to meet the requirements of different applications and markets for the accuracy and reliability of IoT chips,a low temperature coefficient bandgap reference with a wide temperature range is proposed.On the basis of the traditional Banba bandgap reference structure,the circuit utilizes high-order temperature compensation technology and piecewise temperature compensation technology to improve the curvature of the output reference voltage.The temperature coefficient of the circuit is reduced.At the same time,the operating temperature range of the circuit is extended.The circuit performances are verified in the TSMC 180 nm CMOS process.Test results show that the temperature coefficient of the circuit is as low as 7.2×10^-6/℃ in the range of-40 ℃ to 160 ℃.The power supply rejection ratio at a low frequency is -48.52 dB.The static current under the 1.8 V power supply voltage is 68.38 μA,and the core area of the chip is 0.025 mm².     

人民币汇率机制改革中参考一篮子货币的思考

分析了人民币汇率机制改革中选择“参考一篮子货币”制的原因;在肯定这次汇率制度改革给我国带来的有利影响,同时指出了参考一篮子货币制在短期内将面临的问题,并进一步提出关于完善该汇率制度的相关措施和建议,以期对我国汇率制度改革提供参考。     

多路通信电源欠压锁定电路数字控制方法研究

传统多路通信电源欠压锁定电路存在结构复杂、响应速度差等缺陷。为精准控制多路通信电源欠压锁定电路,需设计一种新型多路通信电源欠压锁定电路,并采用数字控制方法控制多路通信电源欠压锁定电路。采用电流模控制技术,通过随电源电压呈现二次方曲线变化的自偏置电流调节新型多路通信电源欠压锁定电路上、下阈值门限电压,控制迟滞电压,改善电路响应速度;同时通过温度补偿方式降低新型电路基准电压温度敏感系数,使迟滞电压温度灵敏度较低,迟滞电压具有较高的稳定性和较小的漂移程度。经过实验分析发现,该方法控制下的多路通信电源欠压锁定电路电源电压在1.65 V/μs时,输出电压上升和下降时间是36 ns,控制电路能量消耗平均值为51.684μW,电路响应速度较快,能耗低。     

基于模型参考模糊自适应的电液位置伺服系统鲁棒控制研究

针对电液位置伺服系统存在的参数变化及外力扰动，引入模型参考模糊自适应机构，构成模型参考模糊自适应控制，即MRFAC，仿真实验表明，与传统PID相比，该方法可以有效抑制参数扰动及外力干扰，具有很强的鲁棒性。     

DXF文件中标题栏及明细表信息获取方法

电力系统企业中大量使用AutoCAD制作的工程图纸,企业实施信息管理系统或ERP系统的过程要求从这些图纸中直接获得其中的物料信息和图纸的一些基本信息。针对这种应用需求简要地分析了DXF文件的格式,然后根据明细表和标题栏的各自不同的特性生成读取信息的方法,该方法可快速地从大量图纸中批量地读取信息,这些信息可以直接为信息管理系统或ERP系统所使用。     

Multivariable adaptive control: A survey

Adaptive control is a control methodology capable of dealing with uncertain systems to ensure desired control performance. This paper provides an overview of some fundamental theoretical aspects and technical issues of multivariable adaptive control, and a thorough presentation of various adaptive control schemes for multi-input–multi-output systems, literature reviews on adaptive control foundations and multivariable adaptive control methods, and related technical problems. It covers some basic concepts and issues such as certainty equivalence, stability, tracking, robustness, and parameter convergence. It discusses some of the most important topics of adaptive control: plant uncertainty parametrization, stable controller adaptation, and design conditions for different adaptive control schemes. The paper also presents a detailed study of well-developed multivariable model reference adaptive control theory and design techniques. It provides an introduction to multivariable adaptive pole placement and adaptive nonlinear control, and it concludes by identifying some open research problems.