相变诱导塑性TRIP钢的研究进展

相变诱导塑性（TRIP）钢是一种高强汽车用钢，一般通过热轧控制冷却或冷轧＋热处理工艺进行生产，其组织由铁素体＋贝氏体＋残余奥氏体组成。本文介绍了TRIP钢的组织、性能特点及其生产工艺，对TRIP钢研究趋势做了展望。     

共析钢的过冷奥氏体动态相变和组织超细化

通过在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上进行单轴热压缩实验,研究了共析钢中过冷奥氏体在A1-Ar1之间变形时的组织演变,探讨了共析钢中复相组织球化超细化的机理.结果表明:随着应变量的增加,片层珠光体在原始奥氏体晶界形成的铁素体生长前沿形核长大,并向原始奥氏体晶内推进,直至相变完成.片层珠光体生成后继续变形,发生渗碳体的溶断和球化,及铁素体的动态回复再结晶等轴化等过程.渗碳体的球化有两种机制,其一是由于Gibbs-Thomson效应,珠光体中片层状渗碳体发生溶断和球化,生成的大颗粒渗碳体主要分布在铁素体晶界;其二是纳米级渗碳体粒子伴随铁素体动态再结晶在晶内重新析出.实验证实,在合适的变形工艺条件下可以得到亚微米级铁素体与亚微米、纳米级颗粒状渗碳体的双相组织.     

热处理对高钒高速钢中残余奥氏体量的影响

采用铁磁性法测定了高钒高速钢中残余奥氏体量。研究了淬火温度和回火温度对高钒高速钢残余奥氏体量的影响。结果表明：淬火加热温度升高，残余奥氏体量增加；回火温度升高，残余奥氏体量降低。在试验淬火温度范围(900～1100℃)内450℃以下回火，奥氏体含量变化不明显；回火温度达到550℃时，残余奥氏体含量迅速降低。     

09CuPCrNiMoNb耐候钢连续冷却转变及热轧双相化的研究

采用热膨胀法结合金相分析建立了09CuPCrNiMoNb耐候钢未变形和变形奥氏体的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT曲线)。试验钢变形奥氏体的CCT曲线具有较宽的铁素体析出区可作为“速度窗口”；同时，在铁素体．贝氏体区与珠光体转变区之间有一半开口型奥氏体稳定区，可作为“卷取窗口”，以上特点为试验钢热轧双相化提供了条件。根据变形奥氏体的CCT曲线提出了试验钢热轧双相化工艺，并在热模拟试验机上进行了热轧双相化模拟，获得了双相组织。     

较高温度等温淬火(回火)对球墨铸铁性能的影响

分别采取普通等温淬火、两级等温淬火、等温淬火＋回火3种热处理工艺对较高温度下球墨铸铁（成分为质量分数％；3.80C,2.46Si,0.25Mn,0.026S,0.036P,0.051Mg,0.022RE)的组织和性能进行了研究，发现热处理工艺带变窄或消失，得到基体中不含奥氏体的贝氏体球墨铸铁。这种球墨铸铁虽然塑韧性较差，但具有较高的强度、硬度和疲劳极限，而且耐磨性和切削性良好。     

Nb-Ti连铸坯热芯大压下轧制动态再结晶行为研究

采用热模拟单道次压缩实验，研究了Nb-Ti连铸坯热芯大压下轧制中动态再结晶行为及奥氏体晶粒转变规律。结果表明，变形温度越高，应变速率越低，发生动态再结晶的临界应变值越小，动态再结晶越充分。在变形温度1 350 ℃，继续增加应变至0.8和增加应变速率至10 s^-1，奥氏体晶粒尺寸并未得到进一步细化，反而较应变0.5和应变速率5 s^-1下的奥氏体晶粒更加粗大。这是因为高温粘塑性区的金属晶间粘性流动增加，位错增殖速度增大，在动态再结晶过程中会重新形成新的无畸变再结晶晶粒，这些新的无畸变晶粒的亚动态再结晶动力学极快，在较大驱动力下使奥氏体晶界快速迁移，从而使奥氏体发生一定程度的粗化。     

Effect of silicon content and annealing temperature on formation of retained austenite and mechanical properties in multi-phase steels

Cold-rolled and annealed ultra-high strength sheet steels with good ductility accompanied by TRIP of retained austenite have received considerable attention in recent years. This paper discusses the effect of silicon content and annealing temperature on the formation of retained austenite and the mechanical properties in Fe-0.34%C-1.7% Mn steels whose structure consists of ferrite, bainite and retained austenite. Silicon inhibited the cementite formation in bainite during isothermal holding and partitioned carbon from bainite to austenite, resulting in an increase in retained austenite content. When the silicon content was increased to 1.0 wt.% or higher, the amount of retained austenite markedly increased leading to good mechanical properties. 0.34%C-1.03%Si-1.7%Mn steel showed a high tensile strength of 1,030 MPa and a total elongation of 34.5% when annealed at 780°C for 5 min followed by isothermal holding at 400°C for 5 min. In this case, the amount of retained austenite was about 25%. The variation in tensile strength-elongation combination had good correlation with that in the amount of retained austenite with both annealing temperature and silicon content. The most retained austenite was obtained in the steel annealed at just above A_C1 temperature. The annealing temperature which gives the most retained austenite was decreased with decreasing the silicon content.     

EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON CORROSION FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF A LOW CARBON BAINITE STEEL

The behaviour towards corrosion fatigue of low carbon bainite steel with variousmicrostructures after tempered at different temperatures has been examined. The susceptibilityof the steel to corrosion fatigue may be improved by tempering at 300℃.     

双相不锈钢中奥氏体相内裂纹扩展路径的透射电镜原位观察

在透射电镜下原位观察了裂纹在双相不锈钢中的扩展过程。结果表明,裂纹在双相不锈钢中奥氏体晶粒内扩展时常呈较大的Z字形扩展路径。并且,在主裂纹前端奥氏体晶粒内形核的小裂纹与主裂纹有较强的交互作用,小裂纹尖端二次滑移系的选择和扩展路径为小裂纹尖端应力场和主裂纹尖端应力场共同支配。