非均相悬浮法制备多孔羟基磷灰石微球

为了获得具有吸附和生物学功能的多孔羟基磷灰石(HA)微球,以自制的纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)粉体为原料,用非均相悬浮法制备了HA/明胶微球,将微球在1 250℃下焙烧,成功制备了直径100~500μm的多孔HA微球.采用光学显微镜、SEM分析、XRD分析和BET氮吸附法研究了微球形貌、尺寸、物相组成、比表面积和孔径,测定了微球对水中F-离子的吸附性能.结果表明:微球具有良好球形形貌和相互贯通的纳米微孔;尺寸比较均匀,分散性良好;微球的主要结晶相为羟基磷灰石;BET表面积为1.867 0~2.089 5 m~2/g,孔径6.53~6.85 nm;对氟离子的平衡吸附容量为1.909~1.940 mg/g.通过控制m(HA)/m(明胶)比例、油温、搅拌速度和搅拌时间,可以在一定范围内控制微球直径和比表面积.     

掺(Ga,Si)银铝浆对n型TOPCon太阳能电池电性能的影响

银铝浆是新一代太阳能电池(n型TOPCon)的关键材料,但其金属化后在Si发射极表面形成很大且很深的“银铝尖钉”,尖钉易击穿p-n结造成短路,成为限制其应用的瓶颈。引入Si、Ga元素对银铝浆进行优化,分别制备了掺Si和掺Ga, Si的银铝浆,研究其对金属化区域暗态饱和电流密度J_0.metal、欧姆接触电阻R_c的影响机制。结果表明：掺入少量Si后,金属化区域未见明显“银铝尖钉”,说明掺Si后抑制了在浆料金属化时出现“银铝尖钉”的现象,对p-n结损伤较小,J_0.metal下降,开路电压V_oc上升,但是R_c增大。再掺入Ga组分后“银铝尖钉”明显变浅,数量变多,R_c下降,弥补了掺Si银铝浆欧姆接触差的弊端,有较高的电池转换效率;用扩散浓度测试仪(ECV)对发射极表层进行元素浓度分析,发现Ga分布于表层0～50 nm处,有利于改善欧姆接触。研究了Ga、Si的掺入量对银铝浆电性能的影响,电池转换效率最高达到24.68%,太阳能电池效率提升0.55%。     

LED 晶圆贴片过程中压力的二阶段模糊决策与控制

针对LED 晶圆贴片过程, 设计一种利用阀门的开关和开度控制气缸内气压的压力控制系统, 提出一种多目标分阶段决策和控制的方法, 实现活塞运动和加压控制. 根据活塞的位移和压力, 采用逻辑决策方法, 选择需要控制的阀门. 根据规划压力与实测压力的差值及其差值变化率, 利用模糊自适应PID 控制方法控制阀门的开度. 采用半张量积的方法将逻辑决策和模糊控制中的推理转变成矩阵形式, 以简化运算量, 提高运算速度和控制精确度.

     

聚4-氨基丁酸修饰碳纳米管掺杂碳糊电极的制备

以4-氨基丁酸(4-ABA)为修饰剂,制备了4-ABA修饰碳纳米管掺杂碳糊电极(P-4-ABA /CNTPE),研究了多巴胺(DA)在此修饰电极上的电化学行为,并用于DA的检测。在pH 2.0的BR缓冲溶液中,DA在P-4-ABA/CNTPE电极上产生一对灵敏的氧化还原峰。其氧化峰电流与DA的浓度在8.0×10-5～5.3×10-7mol L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为2.0×10-7mol L-1。所修饰电极具有较好的重现性、稳定性,应用于针剂中多巴胺含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

雷达组件板的组装工艺

雷达组件板是多品种器件表面混装的单面高频板。本文通过前期准备、工艺设计、质量控制三个方面介绍了雷达组件板组装的整个工艺过程 ;对组件板生产所需的设备、自制工具、焊膏、焊膏点滴注射器、有引线器件的引线成形等进行了实践性探讨 ;在工艺设计中充分考虑工艺的适用性和通用性 ;对可能出现的质量问题 ,详细介绍了问题产生的机理及处理方法。     

熟料硫碱比对水泥浆流变性的影响

模拟预分解窑煅烧制度，在电炉中烧制不同硫碱比的高碱熟料，分别对掺与不掺石膏的浆体，用旋转黏度计、微型坍落度仪以及维卡仪（测净浆针入度）等方法测其流变性能；并结合岩相分析、扫描电镜（SEM）对熟料硫碱比影响浆体流变性的机理进行分析探讨。结果表明：对于高碱熟料，硫碱比过低会导致水泥浆体的流变性变差，其主要原因是煅烧熟料时液相黏度高将导致矿物晶体发育不完善、晶粒细小，水化加快。适当提高熟料硫碱比，有利于改善水泥浆体的流变性。     

Autogenous shrinkage in high-performance cement paste: An evaluation of basic mechanisms

In this paper, various mechanisms suggested to cause autogenous shrinkage are presented. The mechanisms are evaluated from the point of view of their soundness and applicability to quantitative modeling of autogenous shrinkage. The capillary tension approach is advantageous, because it has a sound mechanical and thermodynamical basis. Furthermore, this mechanism is easily applicable in a numerical model when dealing with a continuously changing microstructure. In order to test the numerical model, autogenous deformation and internal relative humidity (RH) of a Portland cement paste were measured during the first week of hardening. The isothermal heat evolution was also recorded to monitor the progress of hydration and the elastic modulus in compression was measured. RH change, degree of hydration and elastic modulus were used as input data for the calculation of autogenous deformation based on the capillary tension approach. Because a part of the RH drop in the cement paste is due to dissolved salts in the pore solution, a method is suggested to separate this effect from self-desiccation and to calculate the actual stress in the pore fluid associated with menisci formation.     

Effect of polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer on the paste fluidity based on the water film thickness of flocs

The excess water film theory and the properties of flocs are integrated to examine the effect of the polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer on the paste fluidity.The theory states that excess water can surround the flocs rather than the particles and that the cell consists of a floc and a superficial water film.Experiments on limestone powder pastes were conducted to verify the theory.The superplasticizer dosage(sp%)and the water–powder ratio by volume(Vw/Vp)were systematically varied.A sedimentation balance method was used to measure the size distribution of the flocs in the limestone powder pastes.The water film thickness(WFT)of flocs was then calculated and shown to determine the paste fluidity.Based on this WFT of flocs,the effect of the sp on the paste fluidity was determined and then compared with the effect of water.     

郫县豆瓣酱种类对川菜风味的影响

通过电子鼻指纹分析系统研究六种不同品牌的郫县豆瓣酱对麻婆豆腐、回锅肉、水煮肉三种川菜风味的影响,结果表明：巧酿坊牌和恒丰源牌的郫县豆瓣酱适宜制作麻婆豆腐,宏润牌、巧酿坊牌和七里香牌的郫县豆瓣酱适宜制作回锅肉,宏润牌、七里香牌、丹丹牌的郫县豆瓣酱适宜制作水煮肉。     

硼掺合料对水泥浆体性能的影响

研究了不同含硼添加剂对水泥浆体凝结时间、抗压强度、抗折强度、结合水含量及碱度的影响,并采用XRD和SEM测试手段分析了硬化浆体微观结构,着重考察了硼元素的引入方式对水泥水化性能的影响。研究表明:硼砂、硼酐及硼玻璃粉对水泥浆体性能的影响存在很大差异。硼砂具有明显的缓凝作用;硼酐稍延缓了水泥的凝结时间,但严重影响了水泥石的力学性能,主要可能是硼酐中可溶性硼与水泥水化后的钙离子形成致密的水化硼酸钙膜,覆盖在水泥颗粒表面,阻止了水泥颗粒与外部溶液的接触,使水泥水化反应无法正常进行;而硼玻璃粉对水泥的凝结时间和力学性能均不存在不良影响。