On the boundary-layer control through momentum injection: Studies with applications

The concept of moving surface boundary-layer control, as applied to a Joukowsky airfoil, is investigated through a planned experimental programme complemented by numerical studies. The moving surface was provided by rotating cylinders located at the leading edge and/or trailing edge as well as top surface of the airfoil. Results suggest that the concept is quite promising, leading to a substantial increase in lift and a delay in stall. Depending on the performance desired, appropriate combinations of cylinder geometry, location and speed can be selected to obtain favourable results over a wide range of angle of attack. Next, effectiveness of the concept in reducing drag of bluff bodies such as a two-dimensional flat plate at large angles of attack, rectangular prisms and three-dimensional models of trucks is assessed through an extensive wind tunnel test-programme. Results show that injection of momentum through moving surfaces, achieved here by introduction of bearing-mounted, motordriven, hollow cylinders, can significantly delay separation of the boundary-layer and reduce the pressure drag. The momentum injection procedure also proved effective in arresting wind-induced vortex resonance and galloping type of instabilities. A flow visualization study, conducted in a closed-circuit water tunnel using slit lighting and polyvinyl choride tracer particles, adds to the wind-tunnel and numerical investigations. It shows, rather dramatically, the effectiveness of the moving surface boundary-layer control (MSBC). The Sabita Chaudhury Memorial Lecture The models were fabricated in the Mechanical Engineering Workshop. The assistance of M/s E Abell, P Hurren and D Camp in the design and construction of the models is gratefully acknowledged. The investigation was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Grant No. A-2181.     

非线性系统鲁棒吸引的动态补偿方法

考虑非线性不确定系统的鲁棒吸引问题,借助于动态输出反馈,构造了两类控制律。这两类控制律分别可使相应的闭环系统被一任意小的区域鲁棒吸引,或被一预先设置的区域有限吸引。     

项重写系统的并行实现方案

项重写系统的并行归约可以提高归约的效率，在无共享内存的Ｔｒａｎｓｐｕｔｅｒ网络上实现时要考虑任务的分配，项的拼装，归约任务的控制等问题，其中怎么样减少机间的机内进程的通信慢提高系统效果的关键。本文从控制方式角度讨论在不同拓扑结构的Ｔｒａｎｓｐｕｔｅｒ网络上实现项重写系统的方案，重点介绍基于树形结构下的控制方法，进程安排和通讯形式。     

宁夏南部山区水库减淤加固措施

对宁夏南部山区中小型水库淤积情况进行分析、研究和总结,提出了水库减淤加固的防治措施,为宁夏中小型水库经济效益的发挥和减少水土流失,改善生态环境提供参考依据.     

CO2 abatement by co-firing of natural gas and biomass-derived gas in a gas turbine

In this work, a possible way for partial CO₂ emissions reduction from gas turbine exhausts by co-firing with biomass is investigated. The basic principle is the recirculation of a fraction of the exhausts (still rich in oxygen) to a gasifier, in order to produce syngas to mix with natural gas fuel. As biomass is a CO₂ neutral fuel, the fraction of replaced natural gas is a measure of CO₂ removal potential of the powerplant.     

镁法海绵钛生产工艺中大型无隔板镁电解槽的节能实践

以镁法海绵钛生产工艺中大型无隔板镁电解槽的实际节能情况为例，探讨了在镁电解生产中的非生产耗电、生产耗电、漏电等因素造成的能量浪费，阐述了生产中粗镁直流电耗、电流效率、工作电压3者之间的关系，指出了影响电解槽工作电压的有关因素及降低电解槽工作电压的途径。     

浅谈降低电解槽氟化铝单耗的方法

氟化铝是电解生产中十分重要的原料，它对控制电解槽电解质温度，保持电解槽技术条件发挥着重要的作用。但随着电解生产成本的逐渐降低，氟化铝的消耗成为电解生产成本中的一项重要内容。本文就某分厂电解槽氟化铝添加的生产工艺、设备、控制以及管理等方面，提出降低氟化铝单耗的简要方法。     

Molecular Dynamic Simulation of Lattice Distortion Region Produced by Rounded Grain Boundary in Nanocrystalline Materials

The distortion structure in nanocrystalline NiAl is studied using molecular dynamics simulation.The rounded grain boundaries in these nanograins are a direct source for the observed lattice distortion.The change of grain size affects directly the volume fraction of the distorted lattice in the nanograin.     

铝电解槽磁流体稳定性有限元分析

本文采用有限元法求解分层磁流体小扰动方程系统特征值，研究铝电解槽稳定性。研究结果表明，在没有电磁力时，铝液表面波动（内波）是稳定的。存在电磁力时，它会激发铝液表面波动的某些低频长波分量不稳定性，高频短波不受影响。被激发的不稳定波动频率和扰动增长率与电流密度，磁感应强度垂直分量，铝电解槽长宽比，电解质和铝液的密度差，厚度等因素密切相关。减少电流密度，磁感应强度，增加电极距离和铝液厚度可以提高铝电解槽的稳定性。这对铝电解槽优化设计和在线控制有重要意义。