Study on the Optimization Algorithms for Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy

Radiotherapy, together with the surgery and chemotherapy, are the three main means for tumor treatment. It is a historic advancement for tumor treatment that the classical three-dimensional (3D)conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) evolved into the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Whereas,the advantages of IMRT have not yet been fully utilized, because of the complicated clinical conditions.The IMRT planning, one of the key issues of IMRT application, still has many problems open to be further studied.     

Chemical analysis and anti-inflammatory comparison of the cell culture of Glycyrrhiza with its field cultivated variety

Suspended cells of Glycyrrhiza (CG) possessed a similar content of flavonoids and a lower content of triterpenes, when compared with its field cultivated equivalent (NG). Xylene-induced ear oedema and ovalbumin-induced mouse paw oedema were applied, to compare the effects of CG and NG on the acute inflammatory response. Extracts of the cell culture of Glycyrrhiza possessed a similar anti-inflammatory effect to those of NG, through the enhancement of the SOD activity of plasma and liver tissues. The use of a cell culture of liquorice instead of field cultivation would be potentially profitable.     

Implementation and performance evaluation of a distributed conjugate gradient method in a cloud computing environment

Cloud computing is an emerging technology where information technology resources are provisioned to users in a set of a unified computing resources on a pay per use basis. The resources are dynamically chosen to satisfy a user service level agreement and a required level of performance. A cloud is seen as a computing platform for heavy load applications. Conjugate gradient (CG) method is an iterative linear solver that is used by many scientific and engineering applications to solve a linear system of algebraic equations. CG generates a heavy load of computation, and therefore, it slows the performance of the applications using it. Distributing CG is considered as a way to increase its performance. However, running a distributed CG, based on a standard API, such as Message Passing Interface, in a cloud face many challenges, such as the cloud processing and networking capabilities. In this work, we present an in‐depth analysis of the CG algorithm and its complexity to develop adequate distributed algorithms. The implementation of these algorithms and their evaluation in our cloud environment reveal the gains and losses achieved by distributing the CG. The performance results show that despite the complexity of the CG processing and communication, a speedup gain of at least 1157.7 is obtained using 128 cores compared with National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advanced Supercomputing sequential execution. Given the emergence of clouds, the results in this paper analyzes performance issues when a generic public cloud, along with a standard development library, such as Message Passing Interface, is used for high‐performance applications, without the need of some specialized hardware and software. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

点阵图形,图象矢量化算法研究

本文利用点阵图形、图象的拓扑特性，对点阵图形、图象矢量化进行了研究，提出了相应的算法，并给出了应用实例。     

CG原画色彩应用浅谈

随着CG(Computer Graphics)技术的普及,CG原画成为许多绘画者的主攻方向。它的应用多在游戏和影视的概念设定中,以2D为主。在游戏中大量的人、物和场景设计都是通过CG原画完成的,用途十分之广。本文通过一些实践和总结,浅谈CG原画的色彩应用。     

（英）CMOS毫米波低功耗超宽带共栅低噪声放大器

本文陈述了一个基于单端共栅与共源共栅级联结构的超宽带低噪声放大器(LNA)。该LNA用标准90-nm RF CMOS工艺实现并具有如下特征：在28.5到39 GHz频段内测得的平坦增益大于10 dB;-3 dB带宽从27到42 GHz达到了15 GHz,这几乎覆盖了整个Ka带;最小噪声系数(NF)为4.2 dB,平均NF在27-42 GHz频段内为5.1 dB;S₁₁在整个测试频段内小于-11 dB。40 GHz处输入三阶交调点(IIP3)的测试值为 2 dBm。整个电路的直流功耗为5.3 mW。包括焊盘在内的芯片面积为0.58*0.48 mm2_。     

浅谈动画与实景相结合的技巧和原则——从科普片《叶子到哪里去了》的创作谈起

随着CG技术的不断发展,动画与实拍场景结合得越来越紧密,已逐渐成为影视节目中常用且重要的表现手法.本文以科普片<叶子到哪里去了>的实际创作经验为例,着重介绍动画与实景相结合的技巧,并总结出需要遵循的几点创作原则.     

复杂地貌区域内的地闪特征分析

根据2005-2008年四川雷电监测定位网测得的地闪及该时段内的相关天气资料.运用气候学分析方法.对地处复杂地貌区域内的四川及其周边临近区域的地闪特征进行研究.结果表明:该地区地闪密度分布与其地貌特征有着较为密切的关联性.年平均地闪密度在"川西高原-四川盆地-南部丘陵"依次形成由少到多逐渐增加的分布格局.其最大值超过了...     

Cocoa tea (Camellia ptilophylla Chang), a natural decaffeinated species of tea – Recommendations on the proper way of preparation for consumption

Cocoa tea is a new natural decaffeinated tea. Three types of cocoa tea (green, oolong and black) were produced and their sensory evaluation scores accessed. Main components and their dissolution rates in ten infusions of the three teas were analyzed by HPLC and spectrophotometry. The comprehensive score of sensory evaluations was 85.1, 86.8 and 94.4, respectively. Upon fermentation the contents of water extract (46.67%, 41.8% and 40%), tea polyphenols (38.58%, 30.41% and 23.6%) and total catechins (23.51%, 17.68% and 4.02%) in green, oolong and black teas decreased gradually, and theaflavins (0.11%, 0.11% and 0.17%), thearubigins (4.29%, 5.00% and 9.71%), theabrownins (2.75%, 4.90% and 13.52%), water-soluble carbohydrates, flavonoid glycoside and gallic acid in the three teas increased gradually. Theobromine (3.52%, 3.43% and 3.71%) was the alkaloid present in cocoa tea and its content did not change upon fermentation. In the three teas, 9–25% of the main components dissolved in the first 10 s-infusion, more than 80% of most components dissolved in five infusions. A recommendation for consuming cocoa tea is to infuse tea leaves (g) with 50 times boiling water (ml) for 3 min, the first infusion should not be discarded and five infusions were sufficient.