High-temperature corrosion of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V were exposed at 750°C in an H₂/H₂O/H₂S P_{O 2}10^–18 Pa and P_{S 2}10^–1 Pa), H₂/H₂O (P_{O 2}10^–18 Pa) and air environments for up to 240 hr. The corrosion kinetics, obtained by the discontinuous gravimetric method, showed that the sulfidation/oxidation kinetics were linear for Ti and linear-parabolic for Ti-6Al-4V in the H₂/H₂O/H₂S environment. Both materials obeyed parabolic rate laws in the H₂/H₂O atmosphere after a transient period, and linear-parabolic rate laws in air. After exposure to the H₂/H₂O/H₂S atmosphere, the titanium specimen displayed a double scale of TiO₂ with an intervening TiS₂ film between the double-layered scale of TiO₂ and the substrate. Ti-6Al-4V also contained a double layer of TiO₂ together with a stratum consisting of Al₂S₃, TiS₂ and vanadium sulfide at the junction of the inner TiO₂ layer and substrate. Some Al₂O₃ precipitated in the external portion of the outer TiO₂ layer. Following oxidation in the low-P_{O 2} atmosphere a double-layered oxide of TiO₂ scale formed on both Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. The scale on Ti-6Al-4V also contained an -Al₂O₃ film situated between the outer and inner (TiO₂) layers. For both materials, multilayered-scale formation characterized air oxidation. In detail a multilayered oxide scale of TiO₂ formed on the air-oxidized Ti, while a multilayered oxide scale with alternating layers of Al₂O₃/TiO₂ developed on Ti-6Al-4V oxidized in air.     

氢对Ti—6Al—4V合金的高温增塑作用

测定了各种氢含量对Ti-6Al-4V合金的流变应力(σ),应变速率敏感指数(m)和延伸率(δ)的影响,并对其微观结构进行了观察研究。结果表明,适量的氢对该合金在800—860℃范围内具有减少流变应力和降低超塑温度以及增加塑性的作用。     

激光快速成形Ti-6Al-4V合金力学性能

采用实验研究的方法，对激光快速成形Ti-6Al-4V合金的力学性能进行了探讨。结果发现：和锻造件相比，激光快速成形沉积态Ti-6Al-4V合金的拉伸性能具有高强低塑特点和更显著的各向异性；成形试样的组织、氧含量和冶金缺陷都将影响到拉伸性能，其中组织的影响最显著，其次为氧含量和熔合不良缺陷：对于氧含量符合GJBGJB2921-1997标准的激光快速成形Ti-6Al-4V合金，经固溶时效热处理后所获得的网篮组织综合性能最好，不论是强度指标还是塑性指标都高于锻件标准。     

基于MICK-4FI资源运营模式的自制-外购决策工具开发

针对传统研究多从交易成本角度分析自制-外购决策而忽视企业内部资源动因的情况,提出了一类基于M ICK-4FI资源运营模式的自制-外购决策工具。工具主要由两个矩阵组成,分别用来分析市场需求与资源及资源与供应商间的关系。通过两矩阵中的M ICK资源将市场需求与供应商选择问题连接起来,利用专家打分法将资源和供应商选择的标准量化,再结合工具决策自制-外购问题。文中结合例子详细解释了工具的两阶段具体操作流程。企业可在变动的网络化制造环境中利用本工具进行资源自制-外购决策,因此有很高的应用价值。     

LiBH4／Mg复合氢化物的储氢性能研究

通过球磨LiBHdMg，使得镁的吸放氢性能得到明显改善。活化结果显示，在氩气气氛下，球磨1h的LiBHdMg混合物经250℃，60min处理后的吸氢量可以达到6．7％（质量分数，下同）。200℃，80min处理后的吸氢量可以达到3．0％。而纯镁粉在相同条件下几乎不吸氢。PCT结果显示，LiBH4也明显改善镁氢化后的放氢性能。     

化学共沉淀法制备LixCoO2的高温化学相变过程研究

以从废旧锂离子电池中回收的钴、锂为原料制备了LiCoO2粉体.讨论和分析了不同温度下的热处理对LixCoO2结构的影响.随温度升高,立方相减少,六方层状相增多.600℃时尖晶石相向六方相转变,温度继续升高(650℃～800℃)只有六方层状结构存在.再升至较高温度,层状属性增强,结构出现不稳定性,锂出现挥发,在860℃左右,产生新的相变;经过高温XRD分析,900℃时,出现大量的立方相LixCo1-xO和Co3O4,并随温度持续升高,六方LiCoO2相与立方Co3O4均有所减少,而立方LixCo1-xO相增加,1050℃时以LixCo1-xO为主,当x＜0.07时,立方LixCo1-xO为结构稳定相.     

大功率CO2激光沉积超硬Si3N4膜的性能和组织

用大功率(kW级)CO_2激光在金属基材上通过化学气相沉积获得α-Si_3N_4膜。膜层多为细小的Si_3N_4颗粒组成,与基材有良好的结合,具有超硬和优良的耐磨抗蚀等性能,厚度在5—30μm范围内可控。     

介孔AlPO4分子筛前驱体的原位焙烧

采用热重(TGA)-差热(DTA)、原位X射线衍射(XRD)、原位红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM),对介孔AlPO4分子筛前驱体焙烧过程中的多种变化进行实验研究。TGA-DTA和原位FT-IR结果表明,前驱体脱除主要分为两步:模版剂中N—H键首先断裂,然后甲基(CH3)和亚甲基(CH2)被氧化除去;从原位XRD分析结果可以看出,焙烧过程受温度的影响表现为结晶度的变化,当焙烧温度超过650℃时,AlPO4分子筛会转化成磷石英相和无定形相;SEM照片清楚表明,焙烧使无定型的前驱体转化成柱状分子筛。另外升温速率高于10℃.min-1,会造成分子筛颗粒破碎。     

电化学法制备BaMoO_4和SrMoO_4薄膜的生长特性比较研究(I):共性分析

采用恒电流电化学技术直接在金属钼片上制备了具有白钨矿结构的钼酸盐(BaMoO4、SrMoO4)薄膜,对制备时间分别为10s直到50min的BaMoO4薄膜和制备时间分别为1min直到100min的SrMoO4薄膜的生长情况进行了SEM测试,并对相应结果进行了对比分析。研究表明:用电化学法制备BaMoO4和SrMoO4晶态薄膜,其生长特性既具有共性,也具有鲜明的个性。其共性特征是:1)成膜机制相同;2)薄膜生长初期就有比较完整的晶核生成;3)晶核和晶粒优先选择在金属基体缺陷(折叠、划痕、缺陷、凹凸不平等)处堆砌和生长;4)基体上晶粒的数量随着制备时间的增加而增加,晶粒的尺寸也随着时间的延长而长大,晶粒逐渐从稀疏分布到布满整个基体;5)在具有白钨矿结构的钼酸盐晶态薄膜的生长过程中,晶体的{111}面总是显露的。其鲜明的个性特征将在另文中讨论。该研究结果对功能晶态薄膜的生长(特别是利用电化学技术制备功能晶态薄膜的生长)和了解及预测白钨矿结构的晶态薄膜的生长习性,均具有重要意义。     

Microstructure of reactive sintered Al bonded Si3N4-SiC ceramics

Aluminium nitride-silicon nitride-silicon carbide （AIN-Si3N4-SiC） composite ceramics were prepared to increase the bending strength and improve the phase structure of Si3N4-based ceramics. The ceramics were made by reactive sintering in N2 atmosphere at 1 360 ℃, using Al as sintering additive. The phase composing of ceramics was identified with an X-ray diffractometer and the microstructure of the materials was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the phase structure is affected remarkably and the interface modality is changed. The interface between Si3N4 and SiC becomes blurry and that between SiC and AlN matches more better at the same time. But the liquid-phase appears during the reactive sintering along with the addition of AI by which the melting point of Si is decreased. The appearance of liquid Si decreases the bending strength of the ceramics. Lower temperature nitrification technic was introduced to avoid the appearance of liquid-phase Si. The optimum addition of Al was investigated by XRD and SEM analysis in order to obtain the maximal bending strength of materials.