Evaluation of two alternative carbon capture and storage technologies: A stochastic model

In this paper we evaluate two alternative CCS technologies at a coal-fired power plant from an investor's point of view. The first technology uses CO₂ for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) paired with storage in deep saline formations (DSF) and the second merely stores CO₂ in DSF. The paper updates and improves on an earlier publication by Tzimas et al. (2005). For projects of this type there are many sources of risk, three of which stand out: the price of electricity, the price of oil and the price of carbon allowances. In this paper we develop a general stochastic model that can be adapted to other projects such as enhanced gas recovery (EGR) or industrial plants that use CO₂ for either EOR or EGR with CCS. The model is calibrated with UK data and applied to help understand the conditions that generate the incentives needed for early investments in these technologies. Additionally, we analyse the risks of these investments. Investments with EOR and secondary DSF storage can only be profitable (NPV > 0) when there is a high long-term equilibrium price for oil of more than $56.38/barrel. When the investment decision can be made at any time, i.e. there is an option value, then the trigger value for optimal investment is significantly higher.     

多功能浮床栽培几种贵重花卉及其对水质修复的研究

通过对10种高价值陆生植物进行水培实验,筛选出了千里香、马蹄莲、春芋和一帆风顺4种优良备选植物。并利用这4种植物进行了水质生态修复的实验研究,研制的多功能植物浮床,是一种方便在自然水体中培养植物并对水体中氮磷等污染物去除的装置,该装置具有抗风、可重复使用、培养的产品易收割等优点,为治理水体富营养化提供了一种管理方便、变废为宝的可能技术。     

Damage and deterioration mechanism and curing technique of concrete structure in main coal cleaning plants

Concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants have been rebuilt and reinforced in the coal mines of the Shanghai Da-tun Energy Sources Co. Ltd., the first colliery of the Pingdingshan Coal Co. Ltd. and the Sanhejian mine of the Xuzhou Mining Group Co. Ltd. In these projects, the operating environment and reliability of concrete structures in the main plants of the three companies were investigated and the safety of the structures inspected. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were made on the spe-cial natural, technological and mechanical environments around the structures. On the basis of these analyses, we discuss the long-term, combined actions of the harsh natural (corrosive gases, liquids and solids) and mechanical environments on concrete structures and further investigated the damage and deteriorating mechanisms and curing techniques of concrete structures in the main coal cleaning plants. Our study can provide a theoretical basis for ensuring the reliability of concrete structures in main coal cleaning plants.     

Absorption and desorption of liquid water by a superabsorbent polymer: Effect of polymer in the drying of the soil and the quality of certain plants

In this work, we were interested in the study of the kinetic behavior of the reaction of drying soil representing the Marrakesh region (south of Morocco) in the presence of an superabsorbent polymer. The presence of a polymer in the soil diminished the kinetic drying of the soil, which will have as an application a reduction in water loss in the process of irrigation. The presence of a polymer in the soil enables a complete modification of the kinetic regimes controlling the soil‐drying kinetic. We also realized the first study of the behavior of certain selected plants in the melange of a soil and a polymer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 234–243, 2002     

湿式静电除尘器在燃煤电厂的应用前景

随着国家对环境保护力度的提高,为了满足火电厂大气污染物排放标准的新要求,湿式静电除尘器(WESP)作为一项新型高效除尘技术被广泛关注.论述了WESP的工作原理、分类、技术特点,探讨了WESP的研究和应用现状,表明湿式电除尘器技术是成熟可靠的,具有很好的发展前景.     

火电厂湿法脱硫“石膏雨”成因分析与防治措施

目前大部分采用无GGH的石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫系统的火力发电厂,运行时易产生"石膏雨"问题.对石膏雨的形成原因和影响因素进行了分析,从提高除雾效率、提高净烟气温度、优化烟囱设计、优化运行调整4个方面提出了具体的防治措施.     

点检定修制在火电厂设备管理中的应用实践及思考

介绍了点检定修制在现代化大型火力发电厂设备管理中的应用,在“新厂新制”的大背景下,点检定修作为一种有效的设备管理方法,提高了设备的管理效率,避免了“过维修、欠维修”情况的出现,取得了较好的预期效果.但是在点检定修制的实施中,还存在一些问题,引发了对点检定修的思考.     

Analysis of Technology Potential of a Metal-based Latent Heat Storage for Backup Process Steam Supply

An analysis of technology potential of a metal-based high temperature latent heat storage for the application of process steam backup for industrial parks in Germany was carried out. To investigate the integration of the storage into a process steam network, dynamic process simulations were performed. Furthermore, the analysis includes ecological and economical calculations for various fuel types of industrial power plants, plant sizes and auxiliary fuels. Basis of all calculations is an extensive research conducted on the industrial parks in Germany with a dedicated power plant and process steam utilization.     

Application of High Temperature Corrosion-Resistant Materials and Coatings Under Severe Corrosive Environment in Waste-to-Energy Boilers

Corrosion-resistant materials (CRMs) and coatings are key technologies to increase power generation efficiency and reduce maintenance in waste-to-energy (WTE) plants. Corrosion environment became severe as steam temperatures have increased. The steam condition of more than 400 °C/3.9 MPa became possible in WTE boilers by using highly durable corrosion-resistant coatings, such as thermal spray of Al/80Ni20Cr alloy, HVOF-sprayed NiCrSiB alloy, Alloy 625 weld overlay for waterwall tubes and also superheater tubes. Also, the use of 310S type stainless steels and high Cr-high Mo-Ni base and high Si-Cr-Ni-Fe alloys have progressed because of a better understanding of corrosion mechanisms. Furthermore, high durability coatings using cermet and ceramic materials were applied to high temperature superheaters. This paper describes the major developments and the application of CRMs and coating technologies in the last 30 years in WTE plants, the corrosion mechanisms of alloys, the deterioration mechanisms of spray coating layers, and future subjects for the development of corrosion-resistant materials and coatings.     

Analysis of failed nuclear plant components

Argonne National Laboratory has conducted analyses of failed components from nuclear power- gener-ating stations since 1974. The considerations involved in working with and analyzing radioactive compo-nents are reviewed here, and the decontamination of these components is discussed. Analyses of four failed components from nuclear plants are then described to illustrate the kinds of failures seen in serv-ice. The failures discussed are (1) intergranular stress- corrosion cracking of core spray injection piping in a boiling water reactor, (2) failure of canopy seal welds in adapter tube assemblies in the control rod drive head of a pressurized water reactor, (3) thermal fatigue of a recirculation pump shaft in a boiling water reactor, and (4) failure of pump seal wear rings by nickel leaching in a boiling water reactor. Work supported by Commonwealth Edison Company under ACK 85026.