Exaggerating Character Motions Using Sub‐Joint Hierarchy

Motion capture cannot generate cartoon‐style animation directly. We emulate the rubber‐like exaggerations common in traditional character animation as a means of converting motion capture data into cartoon‐like movement. We achieve this using trajectory‐based motion exaggeration while allowing the violation of link‐length constraints. We extend this technique to obtain smooth, rubber‐like motion by dividing the original links into shorter sub‐links and computing the positions of joints using Bézier curve interpolation and a mass‐spring simulation. This method is fast enough to be used in real time.     

我们的“卡通”

"卡通"——Cartoon,英语的音译,在字典里解释为动画、漫画。我国的卡通艺术曾经辉煌过,但如今却乏善可陈。从纵向的角度看,中国卡通艺术的落后有历史的原因;从横向看,中国卡通同发达国家相比有资金缺乏、软硬件落后的各种原因。找出原因,能更好地解决问题,发展中国的卡通艺术。随着政府的重视、经济的发展、人才培养的加强,我国卡通艺术的发展正步入正轨。     

动画专业课程体系的合理构建

近年来,伴随着动漫产业的快速发展,各高校纷纷开设动画专业,但是其课程体系多存在偏离动画教学规律和动漫产业发展实际的问题,造成了所培养人才不适应动漫产业发展的现象。本文从探讨动画艺术的独特规律入手,提出了动画专业课程体系的构建方法和与之配套的教学模式。     

试论高校动画本科教育改革

近年来,我国的动漫产业正在迅速成长,对动漫人才的需求猛增,出现了动漫人才紧缺的现象。而作为动漫产业人才培养的主要基地——高校动画本科教育却由于各种原因无法培养合格的动漫人才。针对这一问题,本论文旨在通过研究当前我国动漫产业对人才的需求与高校动画本科教育之间的主要矛盾,寻找一条适合高校动画本科教育的人才培养模式,解决我国动漫人才紧缺的情况。     

Up in smoke: I. Smoke-derived germination cues for postfire annual,Nicotiana attenuata torr. Ex. Watson

Some postfire annuals with dormant seeds use heat or chemical cues from charred wood to synchronize their germination with the postfire environment. We report that wood smoke and polar extracts of wood smoke, but not the ash of burned wood, contain potent cue(s) that stimulate germination in the postfire annual plant,Nicotiana attenuata. We examined the responses of seeds from six populations of plants from southwest Utah to extracts of smoke and found the proportion of viable seeds that germinated in the presence of smoke cues to vary between populations but to be consistent between generations. With the most dormant genotypes, we examine three mechanisms by which smoke-derived chemical cues may stimulate germination (chemical scarification of the seed coat and nutritive- and signal-mediated stimulation of germination) and report that the response is consistent with the signal-mediated mechanism. The germination cue(s) found in smoke are produced by the burning of hay, hardwood branches, leaves, and, to a lesser degree, cellulose. Moreover, the cues are found in the common food condiment, liquid smoke, and we find no significant differences between brands. With a bioassay-driven fractionation of liquid smoke, we identified 71 compounds in active fractions by GC-MS and AA spectrometry. However, when these compounds were tested in pure form or in combinations that mimicked the composition of active fractions over a range of concentrations, they failed to stimulate germination to the same degree that smoke fractions did. Moreover, enzymatic oxidation of some of these compounds also failed to stimulate germination. In addition, we tested 43 additional compounds also reported from smoke, 85 compounds that were structurally similar to those reported from smoke and 34 compounds reported to influence germination in other species. Of the 233 compounds tested, 16 proved to inhibit germination at the concentrations tested, and none reproduced the activity of wood smoke. By thermally desorbing smoke produced by cellulose combustions that was trapped on Chromosorb 101, we demonstrate that the cue is desorbed between 125 and 150°C. We estimate that the germination cues are active at concentrations of less than 1 pg/seed and, due to their chromatographic behavior, infer that a number of different chemical structures are active. In separate experiments, we demonstrate that cues remain active for at least 53 days in soil under greenhouse conditions and that the application of aqucous extracts of smoke to soil containing seeds results in dramatic increases in germination of artificial seed banks. Hence, although the chemical nature of the germination cue remains elusive, the stability of the germination cues, their water-solubility, and their activity in low concentrations suggest that these cues could serve as powerful tools for the examination of dormant seed banks and the selective factors thought to be important in the evolution of postfire plant communities.     

FSNet: 基于频率特性的烟雾图像分割网络

烟雾图像分割是对烟雾进行识别与精准定位的基础, 是火灾预警的重要手段. 针对烟雾分割时存在过分割、欠分割以及边界拟合粗糙的问题, 本文提出一种基于频率分离特性的烟雾图像分割网络. 所提出的频率分离模块将特征图中的烟雾区域分离为低频主体部分和高频边界部分, 同时基于多任务学习设计多模块权重自适应损失函数对烟雾整体、主体、边界分别监督学习, 起到细化烟雾边界和改善烟雾整体分割结果的作用; 此外, 结合可变形卷积提出改进的空洞空间金字塔池化模块以解决其信息利用率低和特征关联性差的问题. 在对比实验中, FSNet的烟雾交并比为76.55%, 比基线网络提高了4.25%. 可视化分割结果可以看出, FSNet能有效缓解过分割、欠分割, 所得烟雾边界更平滑, 烟雾图像分割的整体性能获得较大提升.     

膨胀型阻燃涂料对木材的阻燃性能

以脲醛树脂(UF)和硅丙乳液(SEA)树脂分别为基料,三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)-三聚氰胺(MEL)-季戊四醇(PER)为膨胀阻燃体系,制备膨胀型阻燃涂料。通过极限氧指数、热重分析、锥形量热、扫描电镜对涂料阻燃性能表征分析证明,与SEA相比,UF分解温度较低,残炭量提高了11.53%;与硅丙乳液基三聚氰胺磷酸盐涂料(SEA/MP)木材阻燃涂料相比,脲醛树脂基三聚氰胺磷酸盐涂料(UF/MP/MEL/PER)木材阻燃涂料具有良好的阻燃性能、热稳定性和抑烟性能,残炭量提高了5.05%,总放热量降低了17.0%,总烟气生成量降低了39.3%,在木材表面形成的炭层更加完整。     

基于单片机的野外作业移动库房安防系统设计

介绍了一种野外作业移动库房安防系统的设计和实现方案。该系统以C8051F120单片机为主控制器,以STC89C52单片机为从控制器,以热释电红外感测器D203S为核心构成人体检测模块,以烟雾传感器MQ-2为核心构成烟雾检测模块,采用CRM2400TNC无线模块实现主、从控制器之间的通信,可实现库房内人员监测、烟雾检测以及库房物品进出情况监测及报警功能,且只有输入正确的密码才能关闭报警系统。测试结果验证了该系统的有效性和可靠性。     

一种基于图像的非均匀单散射参与介质建模方法

针对非均匀单散射参与介质建模问题,提出一种能够保持密度场空间变化细节的建模方法.使用体数据、吸收和散射系数之比分别描述参与介质空间变化的密度分布及光线在其内部的传输特性,通过构建采集图像像素值与它们之间的表达式,将建模问题转化为非线性数值优化问题,求最优解.为了解决高分辨率体数据下大量体素密度值同时求解带来的时间开销大及数值不稳定问题,提出一种符合采集图像像素值明暗分布规律的密度场体数据初始化算法和一种多分辨率体数据逐步求精优化算法;为了快速计算大量体素密度值梯度,提出一种基于GPU的多体素并行梯度计算算法.实验结果表明,提出的方法能够根据采集图像重构烟模型,并保持其细节信息.     

湖南动漫艺术设计教育刍议

湖南动漫设计艺术教育快速发展的同时,也面临着巨大的挑战。动漫设计艺术教育的根本是培养综合素质得到全面发展的"人",与此相关,教学模式、教学方法、教学手段等应该得到很大的改变。