Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from Methanol and Carbon dioxide using Potassium Methoxide as Catalyst under Mild Conditions

Pd-supported on WO₃–ZrO₂ (W/Zr atomic ratio=0.2) calcined at 1073 K was found to be highly active and selective for gas-phase oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid in the presence of water at 423 K and 0.6 MPa. Contact time dependence demonstrated that acetic acid is formed via acetaldehyde formed by a Wacker-type reaction, not through ethanol by hydration of ethylene.     

分子蒸馏过程模型化研究进展

介绍了分子蒸馏基本原理和常用分子蒸馏设备 ,系统地对分子蒸馏过程模型化的研究进展情况进行了叙述 ,重点介绍了蒸发系数法、液体内部传质传热和蒸馏区惰性气体压力对分子蒸馏的影响等方面的研究结果 ,并对其进行了评述 ,同时对分子蒸馏过程研究的进一步发展提出了一些展望。     

Synthesis of Sn-Incorporated Folded Sheets Mesoporous Materials (Sn-FSM-16)

Sn-incorporated folded sheets mesoporous materials (Sn-FSM-16) with various contents of Sn were synthesized by using a mixture of water glass, SnCl₄ and NaOH as starting materials. Hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride (surfactant) was used to intercalate into the layered silicate. The reaction process was followed by measurements of XRD patterns of intermediates. The Sn-FSM-16 was formed via the following mechanism: (1) layered silicates such as - - and -Na₂Si₂O₅ were formed as intermediates by the calcination of the mixture of the starting materials; (2) the surfactant was intercalated into the layered silicates; (3) the surfactant-silicate complex with hexagonal structure was obtained as a precursor of Sn-FSM-16; (4) the precursor was calcined to decompose the surfactant in the interlayer and was changed to Sn-FSM-16. The structural aspect of Sn in Sn-FSM-16 was studied by XPS profiles of Sn 3d _5/2 and Si_2p, ²⁹ Si MAS NMR and FTIR. The content of Sn in Sn-FSM increased with increasing concentrations of both Sn and NaOH in the starting materials. The surface area of Sn-FSM-16 decreased with an increase of Sn content in Sn-FSM (1160–620 m²/g).     

低空复杂环境下基于采样空间约减的无人机在线航迹规划算法

针对低空复杂环境下障碍物密集且类型多样、带有多通道并存在不确定信息的无人机在线航迹规划问题,为了减少碰撞检测次数,提高航迹搜索速度,降低航迹代价,提出一种基于采样空间约减的无人机在线航迹规划算法. 算法通过引入代价模型,提出约减域逐步构造方法,引导规划树快速有效扩展,改善了基于动态域的快速拓展随机树（Dynamic domain rapidly-exploring random tree,DDRRT） 算法中存在的采样空间过度约减问题. 算法通过密度划分索引的方法逐步构建多棵Kd 树（K-dimensional tree）并采用多近邻节点搜索方法,加快了近邻树节点搜索速度. 仿真实验结果表明,与DDRRT方法相比,该方法在保证对采样空间约减合理性的同时,提高了航迹规划效率和通道内的寻路能力.     

基于线性时序逻辑的最优巡回路径规划

基于线性时序逻辑(Linear temporal logic, LTL)的路径规划方法中, 多点巡回路径规划问题尚无有效解决方案. 为了在道路网络中实现最优巡回监测, 提出了基于LTL的最优巡回路径规划方法. 首先, 将环境建模成一个切换系统, 用LTL语言描述包含多个巡回点和障碍物的任务需求; 接着, 利用循环移位法构建能够融合任务需求和环境模型的扩展乘机自动机, 以建立路径信息完整的网络拓扑; 最后, 采用基于迪科斯彻法的最优综合算法搜索扩展乘机自动机网络上的最优路径, 从而获得能够满足复杂任务需求的最优巡回路径. 仿真结果表明, 该方法能够有效实现最优巡回路径规划.     

多层水平气流带式干燥机的数学模型

根据干燥传质传热学原理和干燥动力学特性，建立了水平气流带式干燥机干燥过程的数学模型。该模型可以预测干燥机合理的通风道高度、带翻转最佳时间和热风风速等。为优化多层带式干燥机的结构或设计新的水平气流带式干燥机提供了理论依据。     

路径长度受限的随机需求VRP的模型和算法

路径长度受限的随机需求VRP在生产、生活中有着广泛的应用。给出了路径长度受限的随机需求VRP问题的线性整数规划模型,在不允许部分服务和仅能服务失败一次的策略下设计了一个启发式算法。该算法以离散优化中广泛应用的扫描算法为基础生成服务的一个初始可行方案,然后利用模拟退火算法改进得到近似最优解。对需求为二项分布的50个结点、1个服务中心的问题进行了数值试验,数值结果表明该算法对求解路径长度受限的随机需求VRP是有效的。     

Coverage path planning for eddy current inspection on complex aeronautical parts

Non-destructive testing (NDT) plays a critical role in controlling the structural integrity (therefore the quality) of aeronautical parts, during fabrication as well as during maintenance. Eddy current (EC) testing is one of the most used NDT techniques in the aerospace industry. However, EC testing is still mainly performed by human operators and reliability as well as repeatability is not always guaranteed. To solve these issues, automating this NDT technique with a robotic system is investigated. In this paper, an EC probe equipped with a passive compliant system is assumed to be attached to the end-effector of a 6-DOF manipulator arm to carry on the inspection. Then, assuming that a 3D model of the inspected part is known a priori, a coverage path planning method using a zigzag (or rastering) pattern adapted to EC testing on aeronautical structures with a complex geometry is proposed. To reach this objective, the approach adopted in this work is to adapt existing coverage path planning techniques based on a “divide-and-conquer” strategy used for spraying applications to EC inspection. More precisely, three successive segmentations are applied to the surface to be inspected so that consistent rastering paths can be generated. Simulation results are shown for a complex part of an aeronautical structure to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.     

分子蒸馏技术与日用化工(Ⅰ)——分子蒸馏技术的原理及特点

介绍了分子蒸馏技术发展简况，并从分子运动平均自由程的定义出发，介绍了分子蒸馏技术的基本原理、特点以及与常规蒸馏、超临界萃取与层析分离等方法的不同。分子蒸馏操作温度低、受热时间短及分离效率高，特别适用于热敏性物质的提纯，有广阔的应用前景。     

一种无人机生成平滑航迹方法的研究与实现

无人机在未来战场中占有重要地位,航迹规划直接影响其作战能力。针对无人机航迹规划算法中存在的问题,提出一种生成平滑航迹的方法。该方法解决了直角拐弯、航迹不平滑、规划航迹与实际航迹不一致的问题。最后,通过VC++6.0+mapX5.0编程实现,结果表明了该方法的优势。