动态复杂环境下的机器人路径规划蚂蚁预测算法

研究了一种新颖的动态复杂不确定环境下的机器人路径规划方法和动态避障码蚁预测算法.该方法模拟蚂蚁的觅食行为,由多组蚂蚁采用最近邻居搜索策略和趋近导向函数相互协作完成全局最优路径的搜索.在此基础上用虚拟蚂蚁完成与动态障碍物碰撞的预测,并用蚁群算法进行避障局部规划.理论和仿真实验结果均表明,即使在障碍物非常复杂的地理环境,用文中算法也能迅速规划出优化路径,且能安全避碰.     

"个人介绍"主题人机会话系统

人机会话系统是指运用自然语言理解技术实现的人机交流的智能系统,也就是所谓的“聊天机器人”.提出了一个基于特征词的静态个人信息模型,结合句子生成的需要,把描述个人信息的特征词分为特征属性和特征动词两种类型;与此同时,给出了一种句模与规则相结合的句子生成方法,并重点讨论了疑问句型的特征属性;最后设计、实现了一个基于“个人介绍”主题的人机会话系统,该系统具有简单的逻辑推理和上下文相关问题的处理能力,能够以多种方式提问和应答个人基本信息方面的问题,并已经在自行设计的聊天室中成功地运行.     

Study on Visual Positioning Based on Homography for Indoor Mobile Robot

Monocular visual positioning for indoor mobile robot is concerned in this paper.A new visual positioning method based on homography matrix in Euclidean space is proposed.It can calculate the position and pose of the mobile robot according to the intrinsic parameters of camera and two position-known points in a plane.It is very simple and low cost in computation.The experimental results show its effectiveness.     

神经网络在移动机器人路径规划中的应用研究

移动机器人路径规划可分为两种类型:(1)全局路径规划;(2)局部路径规划。本文分析了Kohonen神经网络算法及其识别机理,提出了Kohonen神经网络和BP神经网络结合起来进行路径规划的方法,最后给出了具体的算法,探讨了在神经网络技术中引入学习机制的特点。     

A study on constructing a neuro-interface using the concept of a virtual master–slave system

To ease the control of a nonholonomic robot by a non-expert, a neuro-interface is proposed by using the concept of a virtual master–slave system. The design procedure for the interface is elaborated for the control of nonholonomic two-wheeled robots. In particular, it is shown that if the coordinate transformation from the slave to the master is assumed to be known, the resultant inverse mapping of the master robot can be simply realized by a neural network (NN) with all linear units. The training of the NN is performed by an offline method. As a result, the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown for some simulations to solve a trajectory tracking control problem with a nonholonomic mobile robot.This work was presented, in part, at the 9th International Symposium on Artifical Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 28–30, 2004     

Adaptive actor-critic learning for the control of mobile robots by applying predictive models

In this paper, we propose two methods of adaptive actor-critic architectures to solve control problems of nonlinear systems. One method uses two actual states at time k and time k+1 to update the learning algorithm. The basic idea of this method is that the agent can directly take some knowledge from the environment to improve its knowledge. The other method only uses the state at time k to update the algorithm. This method is called, learning from prediction (or simulated experience). Both methods include one or two predictive models, which are assumed to be applied to construct predictive states and a model-based actor (MBA). Here, the MBA as an actor can be viewed as a network where the connection weights are the elements of the feedback gain matrix. In the critic part, two value-functions are realized as a pure static mapping, which can be reduced to a nonlinear current estimator by using the radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs). Simulation results obtained for a dynamical model of nonholonomic mobile robots with two independent driving wheels are presented. They show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches for the trajectory tracking control problem.     

一个描述机器人团队形成的动态演化模型

目前在多机器人领域，对组织、团队和群体概念比较混乱，团队形成的研究大都停留在定性分析阶段。借鉴Markov过程和进化计算，从协作主体层和能力层研究了机器人团队和组织的区别及团队的形成机制。提出并全面描述了一个机器人团队形成的动态演化模型，目前国内外尚无类似模型。该模型不仅能对机器人团队有一个整体描述，而且能定量描述团队形成时的动态演化过程。     

优化数据库的设计方法

随着软件系统应用复杂度的增加，数据库性能的优化日益显现出了它的重要性。本文结合实际案例，从数据库设计的角度出发，通过提出影响数据库性能的SQL，分析它们的成因，指出应用系统数据库设计改进方法，以提高应用系统的性能，同时也便于数据库及应用设计人员合理进行设计，提高数据库系统性能。     

基于机器人的多路超声波测距系统设计研究

介绍了机器人采集环境信息的必要性以及超声波传感器在该方面存在的优势，具体说明了8路超声波测丑巨模块的软、硬件的设计方法，并利用大量的实验测试数据，通过最小二乘法对超声波传感器进行了拟合，建立了超声波传感器的测距方程，为超声波传感器的使用提供了较好的数学模型。提出了一种新的多路超声波传感器测距排列方式，同时给出了在AEF—Ⅱ型移动机器人中的实际应用。     

基于虚拟现实的Internet机器人网络控制研究

采用OpenGL建立了机器人可视化仿真模型以及Internet机器人网络控制的可视化仿真平台。针对需要交换多种类型信息的要求,设计了传输协议,实现在通讯信道中的多种信息分时复用传输。采用Visual C 6.0的WinSock网络编程接口实现网络通讯功能。为了使用户获得良好的交互界面,设计了基于虚拟现实的交互方法,双向通讯结构可以降低传输滞后对系统实时性的影响。