基于非线性动力系统理论的土木工程安全性判断

本文将土木工程监测对象视为一个受多种因素共同影响的动力系统,根据非线性科学相关理论,利用实际的监测数据通过相空间重构的方法来重建该系统,并根据Renyi熵来了解其运动演化规律,从而对监测对象的安全性做出判断,是土木工程变形监测数据分析的一种新方法。文中以某水电站引水发电系统隧道变形监测的实测数据为例,给出了计算分析结果。     

基于有限元分析方法对接地装置冲击特性研究

由于冲击电流的作用,接地体周围的土壤将会产生火花效应,使得土壤的电阻率会发生变化,进而对冲击电流的散流过程造成影响.因此本文采用有限元分析方法,利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件,构建了考虑火花效应的接地装置冲击散流模型,主要研究了垂直、水平接地体的冲击散流过程,通过模型的计算发现,接地装置在冲击散流的过程中电流主要从接地装置的末端散流到土壤中,这一情况也与实际情况相符合.     

Robust Stability of Networked Load Frequency Control Systems with Time-Varying Delays

In deregulated power system scenario coupled with smart grid technology, for networked load frequency control (LFC), an open communication structure, owing to low cost and flexibility, is preferred over dedicated networks in the feedback control loop for transmitting/receiving the data between the geographically displaced power system and the control center. In such a control scheme, closing the feedback loop through an open communication channel, in turn, introduces two additive time-varying delays of dissimilar characteristics in the feedback path. These delays degrade the performance of the closed-loop system, and exert a destabilizing effect on the overall system. In this paper, using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, a less conservative stability criterion is presented to ascertain delay-dependent stability of such network-controlled LFC systems with two additive time-varying delays in the feedback path in the presence of uncertain load disturbance conditions. Unlike the existing results, which are derived by combining these two delays into one, the proposed result considers the two delays as separate entities thereby imparting more generalization into the stability analysis. The effect of unknown exogenous load disturbance is incorporated by mathematically modeling them as a bounded non-linear time-varying function of current and delayed state vectors.     

Practical Implementation of Novel Robust Position Control Scheme for Synchronous Reluctance Motor

A variable structure robust position controller is presented for a three-phase synchronous reluctance motor. Linear control and variable structure control and pulse-width modulation generation are combined. These provide robust, fast, and accurate position control without the penalty of high chattering. Schemes, including conventional sliding-mode control and the proposed scheme, are tested under parameter variations, and sudden perturbations are applied to the system at a specific time, then compared. This scheme uses both advantages of traditional variable structure control methods and linear methods. The disadvantages of each method, such as chattering and parameter sensitivity, are minimized. Results demonstrate that the proposed technique preserves the classical linear position control merits, while both the steady-state and transient behavior are significantly improved in terms of robustness, accuracy, and low ripple. The results also prove that the position reference command is perfectly tracked in spite of motor parameter uncertainties and load torque disturbance in control of the system that uses the new schemes.     

An Evaluation of Different Controllers Based on the Network Frequency Maintenance Strategy for a Large and Multi-control-area Interconnected Power System

Abstract—Maintaining the network frequency at its nominal value due to the load changes is one of the most important issues in the control and operation schedule of a large and multi-area interconnected power system. For the effective control solution, two types of tie-line bias control strategy-based controllers have been applied, i.e., classical and improved controllers. The classical controllers using conventional regulators, including integral, proportional–integral and proportional-integral-derivative, have achieved initial control results to bring the steady state back to the network. However, due to the very poor control features (e.g., large overshoots and long settling times), they need to be replaced with improved controllers, such as fuzzy logic and artificial neural network. To obtain an entire evaluation of the application of different load-frequency controllers, a five-control-area interconnected power system was built as a typical case study. Three improved controllers using proportional-plus-integral-based fuzzy logic and artificial neural network-based non-linear autoregressive moving average (NARMA-L2) architectures as well as their hybrid combination will also be investigated in this study. Simulation results obtained reveal that the improved controllers have obtained smaller overshoots (from 13.95 to 84.18%) and shorter settling times (from 19.91 to 65.71%) compared with the classical controllers.     

Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units with Linear and Non-linear Models

Abstract—This article presents a non-linear programming-based model for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units. The optimal phasor measurement units placement is formulated to minimize the number of phasor measurement units required for full system observability and to maximize the measurement redundancy at all buses in a power system. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used for the solution of the proposed model. The existence of power flow and injection measurements, the limited phasor measurement units channel capacity, the lack of communication facilities in substations, and the single phasor measurement units loss are also incorporated into the initial proposed formulation. The non-linear programming model is applied to IEEE 14- and 118-bus test systems in MATLAB. The accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the simulation results to those obtained by a binary integer programming model also implemented in MATLAB. The comparative study shows that the proposed non-linear programming model yields the same number of phasor measurement units as the binary integer programming model. A remarkable advantage of the non-linear programming against binary integer linear programming is its capability to give more than one optimal solution, each one having the same minimum number of phasor measurement units (same minimum objective value), but at different locations.     

基于稀疏分解和混沌理论的微弱信号检测

针对数字锁定放大器中稀疏分解算法检测精度受限的缺点,结合非线性方法进行补偿,采用混沌检测联合稀疏分解的算法设计了数字锁定放大器。数字锁定放大器借助稀疏分解算法估计信号参数,根据估计得到的参数设计对应混沌系统;利用混沌系统检测信号的过程中产生间歇性混沌状态,并通过测量间歇性混沌状态的周期,精确检测信号。最终,在信号的信噪比低至-20 dB时可以成功检测信号,频率精度达到0.05 Hz,提供了一种非线性微弱信号检测方法。     

4相8/6开关磁阻电机建模与仿真

由于开关磁阻电机的双凸极结构特点和开关性供电特点,使其难以简单地用传统电机的分析方法解析计算。在开关磁阻电机数学模型基础上,借助离线堵转实验得到的数据,分析得到了SRM的电感模型,并对该模型进行傅里叶分析,建立基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的开关磁阻电机非线性动态模型。仿真与实验结果证实模型的正确性、控制策略的有效性和系统运行可靠,为将来开关磁阻电机调速系统的优化改进提供了参照。     

新型城镇化背景下的中国乡村转型与复兴

国家新型城镇化战略的提出,为中国乡村的转型与发展提供了一个崭新的背景。本文总结了日韩乡村转型的基本过程,剖析了拉美国家城镇化没有实现城乡协同而陷入中等收入陷阱的经验教训,进而指出乡村的发展逻辑并非是一个由工业化与城镇化主导语境下所定义的不断追赶城市的"线性发展过程"。结合当前中国快速城镇化背景下的乡土情绪的回潮,从尺度和功能两个维度,揭示了新型城镇化背景下中国乡村的三重价值,并据此提出了中国"乡村复兴"的框架。"十三五"规划需要在新的思维下进行乡村发展政策的总体设计,随着未来中国城镇化红利的不断释放,乡村应当成为重要的受益者。建议在规划空间管制、市场要素活化、多元乡村治理等方面入手,实现乡村的复兴与可持续发展。     

USAD: undetectable steganographic approach in DCT domain

In this work, we propose a new adaptive chaotic steganographic method based on the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and a reversible mapping function. The mapping function is used to map the secret bits into their corresponding symbols. This mapping technique has to preserve the same dynamics, properties and distribution of the original DCT coefficients. The novelty of our approach is based on the adaptive selection phase of embedding spots. This selection is established through a blindness condition which is applied over each image of the database. The proposed embedding scheme within the middle DCT coefficients shows lower probability of detection and higher flexibility in extraction. We evaluate the detection of our method using the Ensemble Classifiers and a set of frequency and spatial domain feature extractors such as the Spatial domain Rich Model (SRM) features, Chen et al.'s 486-dimensional both inter- and intra-block Markov-based features and Liu's 216-dimensional adaptive steganography-based features.