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《Geotextiles and Geomembranes》2020,48(6):802-811
Construction of this 67 m high RSS was completed in December 2006. After seven years in-service, a tension crack was observed at the top of the slope. In March 2015 this RSS structure catastrophically collapsed. This RSS structure collapsed in a compound failure mode; as the failure plane passed beneath, partially behind, and partially through the reinforced soil mass. The failure plane beneath the RSS was along a shale-claystone interface. The failure surface partially behind the RSS was along sandstone bedrock with water-seeping bedding planes dipping out of the rock mass. The failure surface through the upper portion of the RSS is where the geogrid reinforcement was overwhelmed by stresses originating from underlying deformation. The RSS collapse occurred after 8.3 years in-service as the shear strength along the shale-claystone interface decreased and approached the fully softened strength. The primary causative factors of this failure are: (i) an insufficient subsurface investigation program and interpretation of data for design and detailing; (ii) insufficient specifications and construction plan details for both foundation preparation and rock backcut benching; (iii) insufficient foundation preparation and rock backcut benching during construction; and (iv) adaptations to the design made during construction. 相似文献
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水合物的存在会显著影响能源土的刚度、峰值强度与剪胀性。针对已有能源土模型的不足,结合边界面模型的建模思想,构建一个新的能源土边界面模型,模型参数较少,能够恰当反映能源土的应力-应变关系。计算能源土变形问题的核心在于正确积分塑性本构方程,应用完全隐式回退Euler算法,建立模型应力及塑性内变量的更新公式,并给出显式的一致性切线模量表达式。基于ABAQUS软件提供的二次开发接口,编写模型的用户材料子程序,应用已有试验数据验证程序正确性。最后应用开发的子程序对能源土的平面应变试验进行模拟,分析水合物饱和度对剪切带倾角与孔隙比的影响。 相似文献
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为了计算不同土体性质与不同掘进参数下盾构刮刀与土体之间的作用力以及由此带来的切削扭矩,引入了修正后的Kӧtter方程作为补充方程,求解出开挖面上土体在被动切削至破坏时滑动面上的应力分布,建立了被切削土体受力模型,求解出刮刀刃面与土体之间的正压力p、摩擦力Q与侧向土体间抗剪阻力U,进而推导出刀盘切削扭矩T的计算公式。分析得到特定刀盘上刮刀的p,Q,U值随土体c,φ值增大而增大,通过适当提高刮刀刃面粗糙度来增大摩擦可使土体更易被切至破坏;p,Q,U值随刀盘转速ω增大而减小,p,Q随支护荷载p线性增大且p对于被切削土体受力的影响在砂性土中较大,最终给出特定刀盘掘进至部分种类土体中的切削扭矩值作为工程参考。 相似文献
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《Geotextiles and Geomembranes》2021,49(5):1256-1269
This study investigates the seismic performance of geosynthetic-reinforced modular block retaining walls backfilled with cohesive, fine grained clay-sand soil mixture. Shaking table tests were performed for three ½ scaled (wall height 190 cm) and ¼ scaled model walls to investigate the effects of backfill type, the influence of reinforcement length and reinforcement stiffness effects. The El Centro and Kobe earthquake records of varying amplitudes were used as base acceleration. Displacement of the front wall, accelerations at different locations, strains on the reinforcements, and the visual observations of the facing and the backfill surface were used to evaluate the seismic performance of model walls. The model walls were subjected to rigorous shaking and the walls did not exhibit any stability problems or signs of impending failure. The maximum deformations observed on the models with cohesive backfill was less than half of the deformation of the sand model. The load transfers between the geogrid and cohesive soil was comparable to that of sand and hence the needed reinforcement length was similar as well. As a result; the model walls with cohesive backfills performed within acceptable limits under seismic loading conditions when compared with granular backfilled counterparts. 相似文献
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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls with turning corners
The paper presents in-depth three-dimensional finite element analyses investigating geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls with turning corners. Validation of the 3D numerical procedure was first performed via comparisons between the simulated and reported results of a benchmark physical modeling built at the Royal Military College of Canada. GRS walls with corners of 90°, 105°, 120°, 135°, 150°, and 180° were simulated adopting the National Concrete Masonry Association guidelines. The behaviors of the GRS walls with corners, including the lateral facing displacement, maximum reinforcement load, factor of safety, potential failure surface, vertical separation of facing blocks, and types of corners were carefully evaluated. Our comprehensive results show (i) minimum lateral displacement occurs at the corner; (ii) lower strength of reinforcements are required at the corner; (iii) higher corner angles lead to lower stability; (iv) potential failure surface forms earlier at the end walls; (v) deeper potential failure surfaces are found at the corners; (vi) larger numbers of vertical separations are found at walls with smaller corner angles. The paper highlighted the salient influence of the corners on the behaviors of GRS walls and indicated that a 3D analysis could reflect the required reinforcement length and the irregular formation of the potential failure surfaces. 相似文献
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Pu、Am、Np是3种重要的超铀核素,环境中的这些核素主要来源于人类的核活动,包括大气层核武器试验、核设施排放和核事故释放等。这些超铀核素不仅具有放射性,还兼具化学毒性。我国地域辽阔,环境土壤类型丰富,在当前核电事业蓬勃发展的背景下,建立和扩大我国环境土壤中这些重要超铀核素的“准本底”数据库是辐射环境安全评价的重要组成部分,也是公众关心的热点问题。近30多年来,研究人员对我国不同环境土壤中这几种超铀核素从不同科学角度开展了调查测量研究。本文对此进行整理和分析,对我国环境土壤中这些重要超铀核素(主要是Pu核素,还包括241Am和237Np)的来源、浓度水平和分布特征进行讨论和综述,为辐射环境安全评价奠定基础。 相似文献