大断面空间交叉隧道变形及支护力学特性分析

在山区修建公路交叉隧道时,由于受交通安全的要求和地形条件的限制,通常需要在隧道交叉的位置,扩大主隧道断面,设置紧急停车带,用以确保隧道内公路交通的安全与畅通,并防范交通事故发生时,引离故障车辆于干道。文章通过三维数值模拟分析,对长河坝水电站公路交叉隧道结构的稳定性,进行分析研究,以保证本期主隧道与多座支洞隧道空间交叉结构的施工安全、顺利,使隧道结构衬砌受力合理,为设计优化提供可靠依据。     

石灰石矿石对铸态AZ31镁合金晶粒细化效果的影响（英文）

采用晶粒细化试验和显微组织观察研究石灰石矿石对铸态AZ31镁合金的晶粒细化效果。结果表明:石灰石矿石可显著细化AZ31镁合金晶粒,且细化效果与石灰石添加量和熔化温度密切相关。最佳石灰石添加量和熔化温度分别为2.0%(质量分数)和720°C,AZ31合金的平均晶粒尺寸由(556±60)μm减小至(236±22)μm,抗衰退时间长达40 min。石灰石细化机制与反应孕育Al-C及Al-C/Al-Mn-(Fe)为α-Mg有效形核核心有关。超声空化诱导形核可进一步强化石灰石矿石的细化效果。     

耐压门C形密封圈大间隙密封性能分析与结构优化

采用有限元分析对耐压门C形密封圈密封结构进行计算分析和截面尺寸优化,计算校核典型算例下的密封性能,分析C形密封圈截面尺寸参数对其大间隙工况下密封性能的影响。结果表明:典型算例中C形密封圈结构在流体载荷增加的情况下,接触应力峰值也随之增加,并始终大于流体载荷,能够保证密封性能;大间隙密封工况下,C形密封圈截面开口半径、开口间隙和削斜高度对其密封能力影响显著。根据分析结果,优化了密封圈截面尺寸参数,优化后的密封结构在预紧压缩和大间隙工况下的密封性能均优于原始密封结构。     

高品质热轧双相钢的开发

为了提高热轧双相钢的品质，研究了化学成分、轧制工艺、冷却工艺和不同季节水温等参数对热轧双相钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明，无Si成分设计显著提高了热轧双相钢的表面质量；较低的终轧温度和中间保温温度有利于获得更为细小的铁素体组织和弥散的马氏体组织；低的卷取温度（280 ℃）可以获得铁素体+马氏体双相组织；冷却水水温的降低显著提高马氏体含量并提高双相钢的强度。基于上述研究，邯钢实现了系列热轧双相钢的稳定生产，双相钢制作的汽车车轮性能良好。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金多道次热轧过程有限元模拟与实验

采用热力耦合方法对Ti-6Al-4V合金进行了多道次热轧模拟,研究了不同道次温度和等效塑性应变的分布特点。模拟结果表明,轧制过程表面温度低于心部的温度,随轧制道次的增加,表面温度整体表现为降低过程,中心温度整体表现为先升高后降低过程。中心位置比表面位置的等效塑性应变大,表面位置与中心位置的等效塑性应变均随变形道次的增加而增大。结果表明,随着轧制道次的增加,中心显微组织变形大于表面。中心区域组织易于发生动态球化。     

薄喷涂层技术在底抽巷围岩防风化中的应用

针对传统喷浆作业喷射水泥浆,效果差、效率低、粉尘治理难度大等问题,采用薄喷涂层技术对底抽巷进行喷浆作业。经过岳城矿实测证明,薄喷涂层有效遏制了底抽巷围岩的变形速度,保持了围岩的整体塑性,防风化效果显著,可通过及时补强加固实现围岩的有效控制,提高底抽巷掘进效率。     

Research progress on chemical modification of silk fibroin and its applications北大核心CSCD

Mulberry silk is composed of the two major parts of two triangle-like silk fibroin fibers and sericin covering the fibers and a few lipids. After removing the sericin on the raw silk what is left is the silk fibroin fiber. Silk fibroin is the main part of silk accounting for about 75% of the total weight. Silk fibroin contains 18 natural amino acids such as glycine Gly alanine Ala serine Ser serine aspartic acid Asp and tyrosine Tyr . The secondary structure of silk fibroin has three main conformations α-helix β-fold and random coil. Under certain conditions the three conformations can transform into each other and change the mechanical properties of the silk fibroin material. Silk fibroin extracted from silk fiber is a natural polymer with biocompatibility and biodegradability. It can be further processed into different forms of materials nanoparticles films hydrogels sponges etc. It has been applied in many fields such as biomedicine and cosmetics. In order to meet the needs of different fields researchers have conducted further chemical modification treatment based on the original excellent properties of silk fibroin. Meanwhile the active groups on various amino acid residues in silk fibroin also provide chemical reaction sites for the chemical modification of silk fibroin. The chemical modification methods of silk fibroin mainly include amino acid residue modification macromolecular grafting modification and crosslinking reaction modification. Among them amino acid residue modification can modify protein amino acid residues by chemical reagents and some groups can be introduced into the side chains of silk fibroin macromolecules. Grafting modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is one of the main means to bind functional compounds to silk fibroin macromolecular chains. The properties of grafted silk fibroin are affected by the type and grafting rate of the grafts. The chemical crosslinking reaction modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is to make the macromolecular chains connected by covalent bonds and form a network structure by means of crosslinking agents enzymes or ultraviolet irradiation. The cross-linking reaction can not only form covalent bonds within and between the molecular chains of silk fibroin thus changing its structural properties and improving its stability but be used to form covalent bonds with other polymers. At present the chemical modification of silk fibroin is mainly applied in the fields of silk textiles biomedicine and environmental science. In the field of silk textiles graft copolymerization modification of vinyl and other monomers crosslinking agent modification and other methods are used to overcome the shortcomings of silk like being easy to wrinkle. The graft modified monomers mainly include ethylene methacrylate and methylacrylamide. The active groups on crosslinking agents such as polycarboxylic acid / anhydride and epoxide are covalently combined with carboxyl hydroxyl and amino groups on macromolecules of silk fibroin to improve the wrinkle resistance of silk fabrics. In the field of biomedicine silk fibroin materials with appropriate chemical modification have better biological activity drug delivery ability antimicrobial properties and mechanical properties. The optimization of these properties enables silk fibroin materials to show great potential in drug control delivery tissue regeneration and wound repair. The applied research in the field of environmental science mainly focuses on the adsorption separation and catalysis of impurities in water. Therefore the modification of amino acid residues grafting and cross-linking of protein macromolecules can change some important properties of silk fibroin and meet the requirements of various applications and functionalization of silk fibroin. In many fields of chemical modification and application of silk fibroin protein fruitful results have been achieved which has laid a good foundation for the further development of related fields and also shows that the chemical modification of silk fibroin material has great potential and application prospects. However there are still some problems that need to be overcome and further improved in the current chemical modification methods such as mild modification conditions and accurate adjustment of the degree of modification which will be the research direction of related fields in the future. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

赤砂糖中二氧化硫含量测定的不确定度分析

采用GB 5009.34-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中二氧化硫的测定》中蒸馏法对赤砂糖中二氧化硫进行测定,分析该方法不确定度来源,对不确定度各个分量进行评估。结果表明,测定赤砂糖中二氧化硫含量不确定度的主要来源为标准滴定溶液消耗的体积和重复性测量,当二氧化硫含量为0.053 g/kg时,扩展不确定度为0.0034 g/kg(k=2),测试结果表示为:0.053 g/kg±0.0034 g/kg,k=2,P=95%。     

移动机器人同步定位与建图技术综述

同步定位与建图技术(SLAM)一直是移动机器人领域比较热门的研究方向,它可以给机器人提供强大的环境感知能力;传统的依靠外部位置参考来定位的方法如果无法获得时,移动机器人需要即时定位自身位置来构建增量式地图,因此SLAM技术也就应运而生;对激光SLAM和视觉SLAM的研究现状及最新标志性成果进行了介绍,重点对以相机与激光雷达融合、相机与IMU融合、激光雷达与IMU融合为代表的多传感器融合SLAM技术展开讨论、系统地梳理了几种融合方式的优势与不足,同时介绍了该领域的研究热点语义SLAM,最后讨论了SLAM技术在该领域未来的发展方向以及存在的挑战。