空间变形记 葡萄牙Morinha仓库改造

该项目原本是一间位于葡萄牙阿马兰蒂的废弃仓库。仓库主人邀请本土设计公司stu.dere对这一老旧空间进行翻新改造,使其从废弃状态脱变成一个通透明亮的崭新空间。仓库内部原先的陈设极其随意,业主希望能够采用开放式布局,且同时具备探索的趣味氛围,使人仿若置身儿童迷宫。设计师将这2点诉求综合考量之后,决定选择以金色的金属网来隔离空间,在形成物理屏障的同时,也保持视觉的通透,一举两得。     

Revealing the relationships between alloy structure,composition and plastic deformation in a ternary alloy system by a combinatorial approach

A high-throughput approach based on magnetron co-sputtering of alloy libraries is employed to inves-tigate mechanical properties of crystalline and amorphous alloys in a ternary palladium(Pd)-tungsten(W)-silicon(Si)system with the aim to reveal the difference in plastic deformation response and extract the relevant structure-property relationships of the alloys in the system.It was found that in contrast to crystalline alloys,the amorphous ones,i.e.,metallic glasses,exhibited a much smaller fluctuation range in the plasticity parameters(Er2/H and Wp/Wt),indicating a significant difference in the plastic deformation mechanism controlling the mechanical properties for the respective alloys.We propose that the inho-mogeneous deformation of amorphous alloys localized in thin shear bands is responsible for the weaker compositional dependence of both plasticity parameters,while dislocation gliding in crystalline materials is significantly more dependent on the exact structure,thus resulting in a larger scattering range.Based on the representative efficient cluster packing model,a set of composition-dependent atomic structural models is proposed to figure out the structure-property relationships of amorphous alloys in Pd-W-Si alloy system.     

在腐植酸存在的条件下动态模拟铜在贻贝类体内的富积

正依据金属生物利用度模型,腐植酸对铜的络合作用有望降低水生生物对铜的生物利用度,就如生物配体模型(BLM)。这个模型在海洋无脊椎动物胚胎或是微藻类等不进食生物中得到了证实。但对于像紫贻贝等滤食性生物体,在腐植酸存在的条件下铜的富积较高,表明摄取的铜-腐植     

聚酯长丝纱线创新性变形加工工艺的革新

正聚酯(PET)纱线具有非常好的物理化学性能和商业特性,由于其尺寸稳定性好、对下游工艺的需求低、抗皱等级高、蓬松性好、手感温暖、性价比高且易供应,因而其应用范围正不断扩大。PET丝能以各种不同的长丝形态或组合长丝形态形成纱线(图1),以提供相应的特性。这些特性使     

大型水电工程前期准备延期的影响类型分析

讨论了成本考虑不足与水电工程项目施工前准备阶段延期的负面影响,以及发展中国家不能及时有效地交付项目与稀有资源浪费间的冲突。建议项目员工、开发商、政府官员和国际金融机构重视延期成本,找到成本与效益的平衡点。     

脉冲高度权重技术测量197Au中子俘获截面

脉冲高度权重技术是利用C_6D_6探测器测量中子俘获截面的一种数据处理方法。在中国散裂中子源(China Spallation Neutron Source,CSNS)的反角白光中子源(Back-n)靶站上,通过测量金靶(~(197)Au)的中子俘获截面,验证了该方法的可靠性。首先利用Geant4蒙特卡罗程序模拟给出了不同靶条件下的探测器效率,脉冲高度权重函数等基本项,使得加权后的探测器效率与γ能量成正比。然后通过实验测量了~(197)Au中子俘获截面。结果表明:测量获得的中子俘获截面数据和ENDF/B-VⅢ.0评价数据相符合,同时发现随着实验靶尺寸的不同和质子束功率的增加,会使得实验本底的扣除误差越来越大。     

A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system for domestic air conditioning and water heating by the recovery of solar energy

A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system with modular adsorber, which utilizes solar energy to achieve the cogeneration of domestic air conditioning and water heating effect, is proposed and investigated in this paper. A heat recovery process between two adsorbers and a mass recovery process between two evaporators are adopted to improve the overall cooling and heating performance. First, the adsorption system is tested under different modes (different mass recovery, heat recovery, and cogeneration time) to determine the optimal operating conditions. Then, the cogeneration performance of domestic cooling and water heating effect is studied at different heat transfer fluid temperatures. The results show that the optimal time for cogeneration, mass recovery, and heat recovery are 600 s, 40 s, and 40 s, respectively. When the inlet temperature of hot water is around 85°C, the largest cooling power and heating power are 8.25 kW and 21.94 kW, respectively. Under the condition of cooling water temperature of 35°C, the obtained maximum COP_c, COP_h, and SCP of the system are 0.59, 1.39, and 184.5 W/kg, respectively.     

Protection and control of microgrids usingdynamic state estimation

High penetration of Converter Interfaced Generations (CIGs) presents challenges in both microgrid (μGrid) circuit and other system with CIG resources, such as wind farms and PV plants. Specifically, protection challenges are mainly brought by the insufficient separation between fault and load currents, especially for μGrids in islanded operation, and the short connection length in μGrids. In addition, CIG resources exhibit limited inertia and weak coupling to any rotating machinery, which can result in large transients during disturbances. To address the above challenges, this paper proposes a Dynamic State Estimation (DSE) based algorithm for protection and control of systems with substantial CIG resources such as a μGrid. It requires a high-fidelity dynamic model and time domain (sampled value) measurements. For μGrid circuit protection, the algorithm dependably and securely detects internal faults by checking the consistency between the circuit model and available measurements. For CIG control, the algorithm estimates the frequency at other parts of a μGrid using CIG local information only and then utilizes it to provide supplementary feedback control. Simulation results prove that DSE based protection algorithm detects internal faults faster, ignores external faults and has improved sensitivity towards high impedance faults when compared to conventional protection methods. DSE based CIG control scheme also minimizes output oscillation and transient during system disturbances.     

ZrCuAlNi系大块金属玻璃的非晶形成能力、热学和力学性能（英文）

分析ZrCuAlNi系大块金属玻璃的非晶形成能力、热学和力学性能。运用密实堆积和动态脆性指数模型从理论上确定合金的成分。采用铜模吸铸法在氩气保护下制备圆柱形和圆锥形铸锭。用X射线衍射表征圆锥形铸锭以便确定非晶结构。结果表明:两种合金的临界非晶直径为3 mm。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析其热行为,加热速率分别为0.5、0.67和0.83 K/s。γ参数、过冷液相区ΔT_x和约化玻璃转变温度T_(rg)等这些实验所得的参数均表明其具有高的非晶形成能力。非晶成分显示其脆性指数为40。合金的压缩试验采用的应变速率为0.016 s~(-1),得到弹性模量约为83 GPa,总应变约为5%,屈服强度为1.6 GPa,硬度为4 GPa。运用密实堆积和动态脆性指数模拟可以预测ZrCuAlNi系合金的非晶形成成分。