The adsorption of basic dyes from aqueous solution on modified peat-resin particle

Modified peat was prepared by mixing thoroughly raw peat with sulfuric acid, and modified peat-resin particle was obtained, by mixing modified peat with solutions of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and formaldehyde. In this paper, the adsorption of Basic Magenta and Basic Brilliant Green onto modified peat-resin particle is examined. The adsorption isotherm showed that the adsorption of basic dyes on modified peat-resin particle deviated from the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models were used to fit the experimental data. By comparing the standard deviation, it was found that the intraparticle diffusion model could be used to well describe the adsorption of two basic dyes on modified peat-resin particle. According to the change of intraparticle diffusion parameter, the adsorption processes could be divided into different stages. The kinetics experiment also indicated that initial dye concentrations, particle dose and particle size could affect the adsorption processes of basic dyes.     

粉末活性炭在水体中强制分散及其作用研究

探讨了水处理中粉末活性炭投加的基本方法，针对粉末活性炭颗粒间相互吸附自凝聚现象，提出强制分散技术应用于粉末活性炭投加工艺，从而提高了粉末活性炭吸附技术处理受污染原水的效率。     

钾基蒙脱石对镍离子的吸附作用

钾基蒙脱石的特殊结构决定了其具有一定的阳离子交换能力,这正是钾基蒙脱石可以用于吸附重金属离子的前提。本文采用液闪法研究了钾基蒙脱石对水溶液中镍离子的吸附性能,探讨了温度、pH、吸附剂用量、溶液中镍初始浓度等因素对钾基蒙脱石吸附镍离子的影响。结果表明,较高碱性pH值有利于钾基蒙脱石界面羟基络合配位大量镍离子;钾基蒙脱石用量可提高镍吸附率;提高温度也有利于镍的吸附;热力学吸附模型可采用Freundlich方程来描述。     

荧光光谱法测定捕收剂在煤表面的吸附量

在等温条件下，根据浮选捕收剂在煤表面吸附的荧光性质，利用荧光扫描法将标准浓度的捕收剂溶液荧光强度信号与对应的激发波长(或发射波长)构成光谱图，该信号强度值与捕收剂的浓度成比例关系，因而可用于捕收剂在溶液中的浓度测定，进而可得到浮选捕收剂在煤表面的等温吸附量。实验结果表明：应用该方法测定的等温吸附量数值与γ-射线浓度计法测定的吸附量数值相吻合，为捕收剂在煤表面等温吸附的测定提供了一种新方法。     

Boron removal from water and its recovery using iron (Fe) oxide/hydroxide-based nanoparticles (NanoFe) and NanoFe-impregnated granular activated carbon as adsorbent

This study presents information obtained by the synthesis of Fe(3) oxide/hydroxide nanoparticles sol (NanoFe) and NanoFe-impregnated granular activated carbon as adsorbents for boron removal from solutions. The research describes an adsorption method for cleaning a solution containing boron contaminants followed by recovery of the adsorbent and the adsorbed material for safe removal or further reuse. The technology provides an efficient method of boron removal from water. A marked effect of NanoFe and NanoFe-impregnated GAC adsorbents concentration and pH level on boron removal efficiency was demonstrated. At least 95–98% boron recovery efficiency is possible using NanoFe sol and Fe-impregnated GAC that in fact also recover the adsorbent for reuse. Boron adsorption onto the NanoFe-impregnated GAC adsorbent may be described by pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model. The boron adsorption capacity on iron (3) oxide nanoparticles and Fe-impregnated GAC at an equilibrium concentration of 0.3 mg/dm³ as B in the solution is much higher than these values for similar adsorbents reported in the literature.     

Simulation analysis of producing xylitol from hemicelluloses of pre-hydrolysis liquor

The pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) of the kraft-based dissolving pulp production process is currently sent to the recovery boiler and incinerated. However, PHL contains about 5–8% lignocelluloses that can be utilized in the production of value-added chemicals. In this study, a process for producing xylitol from hemicelluloses in PHL is developed. This process involves several acidification, neutralization, adsorption (along with reactivation) and evaporation stages. The mass balance indicates that 533 kg/h xylitol (with 99% purity), 187 kg/h lignin, 806 kg/h basic ferric acetate, and 1600 kg/h gypsum can be produced from 41,670 kg/h PHL. The energy balance shows that the evaporators are the largest consumers of energy, while the reactivation kiln, acidification, neutralization, and precipitation processes generate some heat. Overall, 41% conversion of xylose to xylitol is achieved.     

有机插层膨润土的制备及吸附性能研究

以溴代十六烷基三甲胺及氯化苄乙氧胺对膨润土原土进行改性,制备了一系列新型的有机插层膨润土材料。通过红外光谱、X-射线衍射及扫描电镜对膨润土及改性膨润土进行了表征,结果表明有机改性剂已经插层到膨润土内,并使其层间距增大。同时对该材料的吸附性能进行了研究,实验结果表明有机插层膨润土能有效的去除水溶液中的Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni 2+、Cd2+金属离子以及有机污染物苯酚。     

改性纤维素材料对金属离子吸附研究进展

纤维素在地球上含量十分丰富,且表面含有大量的羟基,可以通过羟基一系列的衍生反应,对纤维素进行改性,将纤维素制成离子型的吸附剂。本文就纤维素改性,综述了近些年来国内外以纤维素为原料改性制得的吸附剂相关的研究进展。     

吸附水体中铀的研究进展

对吸附处理含铀废水的最新研究进展做了综述,详细介绍了各类吸附材料最新研究成果。     

粉煤灰合成沸石对Cr3＋的吸附性能研究

利用粉煤灰合成沸石吸附重金属Cr3＋,探讨吸附剂量、初始pH值以及反应温度对Cr3＋吸附效果的影响,同时进行吸附等温线和吸附动力学的数据模拟。结果表明：沸石投加量、初始pH值以及反应温度均对Cr3＋的去除效果影响显著。随着吸附剂投加量的不断增大,Cr3＋去除效果不断提高,饱和吸附量逐渐减小。初始pH值为4时沸石吸附Cr3＋的去除率为100％。反应温度的上升不利于沸石对Cr3＋吸附,沸石对Cr3＋的吸附效果随着反应温度的升高逐渐降低。沸石吸附Cr3＋的过程符合Freundlich吸附等温式;准二级反应动力学方程能较好描述沸石对Cr3＋的吸附行为。