企业家利他行为模式研究——基于对宁波企业的调研

浙江企业家由利己向利他转变,从“功利文化”向“责任文化”发展的重要意义在现代社会中逐渐显现出来。基于对宁波企业家利他行为调研发现,企业家利他行为存在稳定的动力模式和人格模式,企业家的利他行为受到他们价值观、道德判断等内在特质的影响,利他行为带有宁波区域文化特征。     

Gender-related biases in evaluations of sex discrimination allegations: Is perceived threat the key?

Hypotheses derived from defensive attribution theory and social identity theory were tested in 3 laboratory experiments examining the effects of plaintiff and observer gender on perceived threat, plaintiff identification, and sex discrimination. In Study 1, women differentiated plaintiffs on the basis of gender, whereas men did not. Study 2 showed that this bias occurred because employment discrimination was personally threatening to women but not to men. In Study 3, the bias was reversed in a child custody context. As predicted, men found this context to be significantly more threatening than did women and subsequently exhibited a similarity bias. Mediation analyses suggested that responsibility attributions explained most of the variance in discrimination judgments associated with the plaintiff gender by observer gender interactions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Causal attributions in posttraumatic stress disorder: Implications for clinical research and practice.

In this paper we seek to illuminate connections among basic research findings in cognition and causal inference, clinical research on the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and the practices of clinicians who work with trauma survivors. We examine one particular (and, we believe, important) aspect of PTSD: The creation and maintenance of causal attributions about trauma. We suggest that elements of two principal theories of causal induction (the connectionist model and the "Power PC" causal power model) clarify the role of causal attributions in creating and sustaining the symptoms of PTSD. By exploring the role of causal attributions in creating and sustaining posttraumatic symptoms, we hope to understand better the subjective experience of trauma and its sequelae. We then suggest new directions for clinical research on cognitive restructuring in PTSD patients as well as ideas for optimizing attribution-based therapies for trauma survivors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A novel view of between-categories contrast and within-category assimilation.

This research manipulated the portion of a category distribution that is misclassified by the optimal classifier and investigated the impact on assessments of category attributes. Three separate studies manipulated the direction of overlap, the extent of overlap, and the relative base rate of the comparison category. All 3 studies produced large between-categories contrast and within-category assimilation. As expected, these effects were enhanced in conditions in which the optimal classifier misclassified a larger portion of the target category. Study 4 demonstrated that intercategory overlap in the absence of overt classification does not produce contrast and assimilation. Ironically, optimizing categorization accuracy can produce highly inaccurate beliefs about category attributes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

岩性油藏配套解释技术

大多数岩性油藏均具有复杂、隐蔽的特点。岩性油藏的解释不能仅靠任何一种单项技术，而必须利用配套解释技术。本文认为配套解释技术应当包括：①利用高分辨率地震地层学技术研究沉积体系、建立地层格架，确定有利目标区；②利用多元地震标定技术确定有利目标层系；③利用地震相干体技术及断层封堵技术确定目标层位；④利用测井约束反演技术确定有利钻探目标点。牛庄洼陷王541井区的实际应用表明，应用这套解释技术是行之有效的。     

A Stylometric Analysis of Craquelure

This paper describes the formal representation and analysis of a visual structure –craquelure (an accidental feature of paintings).Various statistical methods demonstrate a relationship between a formal representation of craquelure and art-historical categories of paintings. The results of this work provide confirmation of connoisseurial claims regarding craquelure as a broad indicator of authorship. The techniques employed in this study are; repertory grid, hierarchical clustering, multidimensional scaling and discriminant analysis. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inference of beliefs and emotions in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

The present study compared 20 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease with 20 older controls (ages 69-94 years) on their ability to make inferences about emotions and beliefs in others. Six tasks tested their ability to make 1st-order and 2nd-order inferences as well as to offer explanations and moral evaluations of human action by appeal to emotions and beliefs. Results showed that the ability to infer emotions and beliefs in 1st-order tasks remains largely intact in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's. Patients were able to use mental states in the prediction, explanation, and moral evaluation of behavior. Impairment on 2nd-order tasks involving inference of mental states was equivalent to impairment on control tasks, suggesting that patients' difficulty is secondary to their cognitive impairments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

三维地震资料属性分析技术在岩性圈闭识别中的应用

文章主要探索了三维地震资料属性信息在储层预测方面的一些行之有效的技术手段,从某一时窗范围内的波形分类和分频扫描分析,到某一时刻的层拉平水平切片的地层学解释,做到了各种属性的综合运用,大大降低了岩性预测的多解性,而且突破了以往单纯运用储层反演预测岩性的技术手段的局限性.     

Causal attribution for interfirm contract violation: A comparative study of Chinese and American commercial arbitrators.

In this study, the authors examined differences between Chinese and American commercial arbitrators. They predicted and found that Chinese arbitrators make higher awards for interfirm contract violations than Americans. This difference is partially explained by differences in attributions. Prior theory suggests, and the authors found, that the Chinese tend to have more internal attributions for events when observing group actions. When evidence provided to arbitrators is mixed (evidence is provided for both internal and external attributions), Chinese-American differences in awards become even stronger. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Detecting Collaborations in Text Comparing the Authors' Rhetorical Language Choices in The Federalist Papers

In author attribution studies function words or lexical measures areoften used to differentiate the authors' textual fingerprints. Thesestudies can be thought of as quantifying the texts, representing thetext with measured variables that stand for specific textual features.The resulting quantifications, while proven useful for statisticallydifferentiating among the texts, bear no resemblance to the understanding a human reader – even an astute one – would develop whilereading the texts. In this paper we present an attribution study that,instead, characterizes the texts according to the representationallanguage choices of the authors, similar to a way we believe close humanreaders come to know a text and distinguish its rhetorical purpose. Fromour automated quantification of The Federalist papers, it isclear why human readers find it impossible to distinguish the authorshipof the disputed papers. Our findings suggest that changes occur in theprocesses of rhetorical invention when undertaken in collaborativesituations. This points to a need to re-evaluate the premise ofautonomous authorship that has informed attribution studies of The Federalist case.