Study of the key factors affecting the triple grid lifetime of the LIPS-300 ion thruster

In order to ascertain the key factors affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster,the thermal deformation,upstream ion density and component lifetime of the grids are simulated with finite element analysis,fluid simulation and charged-particle tracing simulation methods on the basis of a 1500 h short lifetime test.The key factor affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster is obtained and analyzed through the test results.The results show that ion sputtering erosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode is greater than in the case of 3 kW.In 5 kW mode,the decelerator grid shows the most serious corrosion,the accelerator grid shows moderate corrosion,and the screen grid shows the least amount of corrosion.With the serious corrosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode,the intercept current of the acceleration and deceleration grids increases substantially.Meanwhile,the cold gap between the accelerator grid and the screen grid decreases from 1 mm to 0.7 mm,while the cold gap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases from 1 mm to 1.25 mm after 1500 h of thruster operation.At equilibrium temperature with 5 k W power,the finite element method(FEM)simulation results show that the hot gap between the screen grid and the accelerator grid reduces to 0.2 mm.Accordingly,the hot gap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases to 1.5 mm.According to the fluid method,the plasma density simulated in most regions of the discharge chamber is 1?×?10~(18)-8?×?10~(18)m~(-3).The upstream plasma density of the screen grid is in the range 6?×?10~(17)-6?×?10~(18)m~(-3)and displays a parabolic characteristic.The charged particle tracing simulation method results show that the ion beam current without the thermal deformation of triple grids has optimal perveance status.The ion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 5.5?×?10~(-14)kg s~(-1)and 4.28?×?10~(-14)kg s~(-1),respectively,while after the thermal deformation of the triple grids,the ion beam current has over-perveance status.The ion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 1.41?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1)and 4.1?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1),respectively.The anode current is a key factor for the triple grid lifetime in situations where the structural strength of the grids does not change with temperature variation.The average sputtering rates of the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid,which were measured during the 1500 h lifetime test in5 k W operating conditions,are 2.2?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1)and 7.3?×?10~(-13)kg s~(-1),respectively.These results are in accordance with the simulation,and the error comes mainly from the calculation distribution of the upstream plasma density of the grids.     

Combined Langmuir-magnetic probe measurements of type-Ⅰ ELMy filaments in the EAST tokamak

Detailed investigations on the filamentary structures associated with the type-I edge-localized modes(ELMs) should be helpful for protecting the materials of a plasma-facing wall on a future large device.Related experiments have been carefully conducted in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST) using combined Langmuir-magnetic probes.The experimental results indicate that the radially outward velocity of type-I ELMy filaments can be up to 1.7 kms~(-1) in the far scrape-off layer(SOL) region.It is remarkable that the electron temperature of these filaments is detected to be ~50eV,corresponding to a fraction of 1/6 to the temperature near the pedestal top,while the density ~3×10~(19)m~(-3) of these filaments could be approximate to the line-averaged density.In addition,associated magnetic fluctuations have been clearly observed at the same time,which show good agreement with the density perturbations.A localized current on the order of ~100kA could be estimated within the filaments.     

FANUC RAM轴在数控伺服冲床上的应用

在FANUC Oi PD数控系统的基础上,把RAM轴功能应用在数控伺服冲床上,通过模拟伺服适配器控制第三方驱动器和电机,选择M信号来指定冲压轴所处的动作模式,控制冲头上下移动的形式、速度,降低冲压噪声,提高效率。     

交变磁场对聚合硫酸铁水解产物的影响

电镜扫描分析,交变磁场下聚合硫酸铁晶体颗粒尺寸明显比非磁化PFS要大,应该是由于磁结晶效应。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射,确定了磁化作用并没有使PFS形成新羟基键化合物,排除其结构上的差异。而通过紫外光谱分析发现,磁化作用使Fe(c)含量减小,推断在交变磁场作用下,使得Fe3+水合离子化合物的束缚力增强,抑制Fe3+进一步生成Fe(c)这类高聚态化合物,从而使Fe(a)、Fe(b)这类低聚态铁离子水合化合物含量增多。     

海外瞭望

新兴市场和封装工艺驱动CPL业绩成长 CPL Aromas公司（英格兰Barrington Hall）在截止到2014年3月31日的财年中共取得营业收入6 840万英镑（1.10亿美元）,年基增长了10%。CPL公司所取得的业绩一定程度上得到了中东和北非、印度及南美地区销售业务的推动。此外,销售收入还得益于CPL新推出的胶囊封装工艺＂Aromacore＂广受欢迎,这一工艺可应用于洗衣护理品,它能延长香精在衣物上的留香时间。     

海外瞭望

业界公司近期业绩报告摘选 花臣公司 花臣公司本财年第二季度销售收入达到2.181亿美元,同比增长了29%,增长幅度最大的是食用香精业务。食用香精业务的销售收入目前已占到花臣总销售额的71.5%（而2000年时这一数字仅为33%）。分部门来看,第二季度高档原料的营收增长了13%,达到4 260万美元,食用香精营收增长25%,达到1.251亿美元。     

基于安全认证的实验室管理系统的设计和实现

传统的实验室管理完全采用手工的方法,人工输入信息,一切均由管理人员手工完成,存在数据量大、准确性得不到保障、不利于快速查询信息等问题,严重增加管理人员的工作量,实验室利用率较低。以开放式、交互式、共享式为原则,建设一个信息安全可靠的实验室管理系统,可以很大程度的提高实验室的效率,提高管理水平。     

船舶机舱通风与结构对其火灾特性的影响

提出多层几何结构,运用过滤平衡方程组及Sma-gorinsky模型描述了多层几何结构、无通风管路多层几何结构及单层几何结构的船舶机舱火灾场,计算分析通风和结构等对火灾过程的影响。认为多层几何结构中气流在子区域内产生较强的涡旋,在中间区域呈上升趋势,其平台诱发顶棚射流;贫氧区与富氧区分界明显,子区域中氧气浓度自上而下降低。无通风管路多层几何结构中心区域气流呈下降趋势,在较小的空间尺度内,氧气含量梯度较小,上甲板高净热通量区域偏大。单层几何结构中气流呈上升趋势,净热通量最高值达20kW/m2,且火焰传播速度受气流分布影响较大。