改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material, a novel absorbent modified soybean hulls is prepared. Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied. The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorpuon capacity for Pb-, uv to 20% of the mass of dry adsorbent. Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg.g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg.L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent. The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+is 7.0. In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+and Na+) in the solution, their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+is not obvious. After 5 cycles of adsorption, 80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained. Compared with various available commercial resins, the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful, inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

PbO-B2O3-CuV2O6掺杂对(Pb,Ca,La)(Fe,Nb)O3陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了PbO3-CuV2O6(PBC)玻璃对(Pb,Ca,La)(Fe,Nb)O3(PCLFN)陶瓷微波介电性能的影响.当纯PCLFN陶瓷在1150℃烧结,介电常数εr=103,品质因数与频率之积Qf=5640 GHz,频率温度系数τf=7.1×10-6/℃.PBC玻璃添加剂能降低PCLFN陶瓷的烧结温度到1 050℃左右,同时能保持良好的介电性能.随着PBC玻璃添加量的质量分数从1.0%增加2.0%,陶瓷的Qf值减小.掺杂ω(PBC)=1%玻璃、在1 050℃烧结的陶瓷样品,能获得良好的微波介电性能为Qf=5 392 GHz,τf=8.18×10-6/℃,εr=101.     

Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu和Sn37Pb焊点界面显微结构研究

利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu（Sn37Pb）/Cu焊点在时效过程中的界面金属间化合物（IMC）形貌和成份。结果表明：150℃高温时效50、100、200、500h后,Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu（Sn37Pb）/Cu焊点界面IMC尺寸和厚度增加明显,IMC颗粒间的沟槽越来越小。50h时效后界面出现双层IMC结构,靠近焊料的上层为Cu6Sn5,邻近基板的下层为Cu3Sn。之后利用透射电镜观察了Sn37Pb/Ni和Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu/Ni样品焊点界面,结果显示,焊点界面清晰,IMC晶粒明显。     

Pb^2＋在天然膨润土中的吸附热力学特征研究

通过静态吸附实验探讨了天然膨润土吸附水中Pb^2＋时的热力学特性,结果表明：平衡吸附量随着温度的上升而上升;不同温度下的吸附等温式都基本遵从Freundlich方程,表明吸附为单分子层的吸附,吸附剂表面不均匀。热力学分析表明,吸附过程吸热且反应能自发进行。     

改性壳聚糖生物质吸附剂对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

制备了改性壳聚糖(G-CAM),并以该聚合物制备成改性壳聚糖生物质吸附剂,研究了G-CAM吸附Pb(Ⅱ)时pH值、温度、溶液浓度对吸附量的影响及壳聚糖微粒对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学特性.结果表明,在t=30℃、pH=5、ρ0=1 000 mg/L条件下,吸附量为171.3 mg/g,且溶液pH值对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量影响最...     

合成壳聚糖/DNS杂化材料及吸附重金属Pb~（2＋）的性能研究

通过丁二酸酐、可分散的纳米二氧化硅与壳聚糖脱水合成了壳聚糖/DNS杂化材料。通过FTIR和热重分析等方法对杂化材料进行了表征。FTIR表明壳聚糖与DNS通过丁二酸酐桥连为一个高分子聚合物;热重分析结果表明,杂化材料的热性能有较大提高。考察了壳聚糖及杂化材料微粒吸附Pb2＋时吸附条件对吸附率的影响,结果表明,其吸附最佳条件为：pH=5,吸附时间为120 min,吸附剂的投加量为0.1 g。杂化材料的吸附率达49.16%,与壳聚糖同样具有甚至更强的吸附Pb2＋的能力。     

Simultaneous extraction and determination of lead, cadmium and copper in rice samples by a new pre-concentration technique: Hollow fiber solid phase microextraction combined with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry

In the present work, a novel solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique using a hollow fiber-supported sol–gel combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) was employed in the simultaneous extraction and determination of lead, cadmium and copper in rice. In this technique, an innovative solid sorbent containing mixture of carbon nanotube and a composite microporous compound was developed by the sol–gel method via the reaction of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) with 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,3-diol (TRIS). The growth process was initiated in basic condition (pH 10–11). Afterward this sol was injected into a polypropylene hollow fiber segment for in situ gelation process. The main factors influencing the pre-concentration and extraction of the metal ions; pH of the aqueous feed solution, extraction time, aqueous feed volume, agitation speed, the role of carbon nanotube reinforcement (as-grown and functionalized MWCNT) and salting effect have been examined in detail. Under the optimized conditions, linear calibration curves were established for the concentration of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) in the range of 0.05–500, 0.05–500 and 0.01–100 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. Detection limits obtained in this way are, 0.01, 0.025 and 0.0073 ng mL⁻¹ for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II), respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were found to be less than 5% (n = 5, conc.: 1.0 ng mL⁻¹).     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定橡胶奶嘴铅含量

采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)检测橡胶奶嘴浸出液中微量铅的含量.考察了基体改进剂、灰化温度、原子化温度等因素对测定的影响,建立了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定橡胶奶嘴中微量铅的方法.结果表明,在选定的最佳仪器条件下检出限为0.18μg/L,回收率为94.2%～107.5%,相对标准偏差为3.86%(n=5).方法简便...     

西山天然草地土壤——菊科植物系统铅铬分布特征

通过对昆明西山菊科植物和天然草地土壤中铅、铬含量的测定,再经统计学分析,结果表明昆明西山受试植物对铅富集能力比对铬强,其中有5种植物对铅的相对吸收系数Ar〉1表现对Pb的富集,余下9种则表现对Pb的稀释。受试菊科植物中除了风毛菊外,对铬的相对吸收系数均小于1,呈现出铬在土壤配分关系中的稀释作用。     

62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中Ag元素对AgCu/SnPbAg/CuBe焊缝性能的影响

分别采用62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料和63Sn37Pb共晶钎料焊接AgCu合金块和CuBe合金片进行试验,对比分析两种钎料形成的焊缝性能和显微组织结构,阐述了62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中Ag元素的存在对AgCu/SnPbAg/CuBe焊缝性能的影响机制.结果表明,62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中的Ag元素对于润湿铺展状态的改...