烤烟烟叶pH值的对比分析

测定了210个复烤烟叶样品的pH值,并分析了不同年份、产区、部位、等级和颜色烤烟烟叶pH值的差异。结果表明:①不同产区烤烟烟叶pH值集中在4.8～5.4范围内,且pH值变异系数不大;②烤烟烟叶pH值随着自然陈化时间的增加而逐渐减小,2002和2003年烟叶pH值与2001、2000和1999年烟叶pH值差异极显著;③2000、2002和2003年不同产区烟叶pH值差异均显著或极显著;④1999、2000和2001年不同部位、不同等级烟叶pH值差异不显著,而2002和2003年差异极显著;⑤1999和2000年桔黄和柠檬黄烟叶pH值差异不显著,而2001、2002和2003年差异显著,总体来看,柠檬黄烟叶pH值大于桔黄烟叶。     

豫西烟草脉斑病发生规律及药剂防治研究

连续 4年对烟草脉斑病 (马铃薯Y病毒的发生规律及 4种药剂的防效进行了研究。结果表明 :该病在豫西烟区的初发期为 6月上旬 ,6月下旬～ 7月上旬进入盛发期 ;发病与气候、移栽期、施肥、蚜虫等因素关系密切。 4种药剂防效中 ,“金叶宝”2 0 0倍液药剂防效较好 ,其防效率达到 71.4 7%。     

PROFIBUS-DP总线从站自诊断功能在切丝机中的应用

在切丝机源程序中嵌入PROFIBUS_DP总线诊断功能块FB125,对于总线诊断功能块的调用和参数进行了说明,并介绍了总线从站设置和诊断数据处理以及PROFIBUS_DP总线系统图形信息自诊断功能的监控画面。该功能也可应用于其他使用PROFIBUS_DP总线系统,以提高总线控制的可靠性以及系统的自诊断能力。     

离子色谱法同时测定烟叶中的6种无机阴离子

为同时测定烟叶中的多种阴离子,采用去离子水60℃下超声提取30min,DionexAS18作分离柱、IonPacAG18作保护柱、ASRS-ULTRAⅡ作再生抑制器、23.0mmol/LKOH溶液作流动相(流速1.00mL/min),用电导检测器测定了烟叶样品中F-、Cl-、NO2-、Br-、SO42-、NO3-的含量。结果表明,该法回归方程的线性相关系数为0.9940~0.9988,相对标准偏差≤2.63%,检测限0.01~0.06μg/mL,回收率95.0%~105.0%。     

烟草在线检测与异物剔除系统

以无屏闪光照系统作为光源，物料通过Y—Roller均散装置摊开后高速抛出时，CCD摄像机采集到物料图像并送入PC机；在光学滤色镜组的作用下，烟草与异物的色度值拉开，以便后续的识别与剔除处理；建立中心阈值库以加快判别阈值的确定，用浮动阈值提高判别阈值的机敏度，提高系统的识别率。系统原理样机对白纸、鸡毛等典型异物的识别率可达到60％以上。     

烟草加工生产线总体布局的计算机辅助设计

以AutoCAD为系统平台 ,综合运用VisualBasic6.0高级计算机语言进行软件开发 ,实现烟草加工生产线总体布局的计算机辅助设计。     

GC／FTIR／FID联用鉴定复杂精油组分

采用气红联用 (GC /FTIR /FID)和气质联用 (GC /MS)的方法 ,对烟用精油 -缬草油挥发成分进行分析。着重讨论了GC /FTIR /FID联用对分析复杂精油的应用。通过不同波数区的官能团重建图和红外谱图与质谱的相互验证的方法 ,提高了分析精油成分定性和定量的准确性。     

基于西门子平台的卷包排产子系统的研究

首先分析了烟草MES(制造执行系统)的背景、发展趋势及基本功能,接着介绍了当前流行的MES支撑平台--SIMATIC IT(西门子平台)的软件架构和各部分的功能,并提出一种适合于烟草企业卷包排产的规则算法,最后着重论述了基于SIMATIC IT和该排产算法的某烟厂卷包排产子系统,包括子系统的软件结构、基础数据和卷包排产的步骤.为了证明SIMATIC IT的适用性以及排产算法的有效性,列出了卷包排产数据和生产现场反馈数据的对比.     

Effects of cuticular duvane diterpenes from green tobacco leaves on tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) oviposition

Five cuticular chemical components isolated from the green leaves of tobacco introductions (TIs) and a commercial tobacco cultivar were tested for their effects on tobacco budworm,Heliothis virescens (F), oviposition in cage bioassays, and field experiments. These chemicals were sprayed onto budworm-resistant TI 1112 tobacco which produces low levels of most cuticular components. Individual duvane diterpenes (- and -4,8,13-duvatrien-1-ols and - and -4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diols) increased tobacco budworm egg laying on sprayed TI 1112 plants.cis-Abienol, docosanol, and docosanyl myristate were inactive.Mention of a company or proprietary product does not imply endorsement or recommendation by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Paper No. 9702 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7601.     

Imaging and nano-dissection of tobacco mosaic virus by atomic force microscopy

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been deposited on freshly cleaved mica substrates. The topography was investigated by contact, non-contact and lateral-force microscopy under ambient conditions in air. The results were in accord with known dimensions of TMV (i.e. 18 nm in diameter and 300 nm in length). However, convolution of tip shape with TMV morphology resulted in an apparent width of 80–140 nm in the lateral plane, a factor of 4–7 greater than the known diameter. Other artefacts - broadening and double images - were observed and ascribed to tip anomalies. High force loadings and slow repetitive scanning resulted in controlled removal of parts of the TMV structure. Accordingly, it was possible to reveal and image the central core channel of the TMV. The precision and resolution of dissection induced by AFM is currently limited by the shape of the tip, having a 40-nm radius of curvature for standard Si₃N₄ tips. It is estimated that sharper tips, with a radius of curvature of less than 10 nm, should be able to resolve, non-destructively, the protein subunits in the non-contact mode, and selectively remove single subunits in the contact mode.