新型阴离子表面活性剂PS的室内研究

根据油田泡沫驱的需要,研制出了新型阴离子表面活性剂PS(邻苯二甲酸单月桂醇酯钠盐)。对PS进行了定量、定性分析和红外光谱分析。测定了PS的表面张力和临界胶束浓度(cmc)值,用Rose-Mile法考察了PS的起泡性能。结果表明,70℃时PS溶液的临界胶束浓度为0.20％,此时表面张力为2.5×10-4N／cm;PS的起泡性能优于常用的SDS和ABS表面活性剂,70℃下PS含量为0.20％时,溶液起泡高度可达180 mm以上。这说明PS是一种综合性能优良的高效起泡剂,在油田三次采油中具有广阔的应用前景。     

邻苯二甲酸稀土配合物的合成及表征

合成了稀土邻苯二甲酸配合物,并对其进行了IR、XRD分析,对配合物的配位方式进行了探讨.     

凝胶渗透色谱—气相色谱/质谱法测定塑料桶装食用油中四种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立用凝胶渗透色谱净化―气相色谱/质谱分析塑料桶装食用油中四种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂方法。样品用环己烷―乙酸乙酯(体积比为1∶1)稀释,稀释液经Bio–Bead S–X3凝胶柱净化后,采用气相色谱―质谱在选择离子检测(SIM)模式下进行定性定量分析;结果表明,四种增塑剂在0.1 mg/L~5 mg/L范围内线性关系良好;在空白油样中添加四种增塑剂(添加水平为0.5 mg/kg、5 mg/kg、10 mg/kg)混合标准溶液,平均回收率为85.7%~108.2%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~9.2%,检出限为0.1 mg/kg~0.2 mg/kg。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of bisphenol A-based cyanate ester and diallyl phthalate blends

Cyanate ester resins are a high performance class of compounds. They have excellent mechanical properties, dielectric properties and thermal properties; however, their major drawback is their brittleness. An attempt was made to improve the impact strength of the cyanate ester resin. In the present study a commonly used cyanate resin, bisphenol A dicyanate (BADCy), was modified by the addition of diallyl phthalate (DAP) and was cured with benzoyl peroxide. The properties of the blends such as thermal and mechanical properties were investigated in detail by scanning electron microscope, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical measurement. The results indicate that the addition of the appropriate amount of DAP can effectively improve the impact toughness and the flexural strength while sacrificing the thermal properties of the blends. The maximum impact strength and flexural strength were observed on addition of 15 phr DAP content. However, the thermal stability of the blends was found to be lower than that of the unmodified BADCy resin.     

甲醇甲苯甲基化制对二甲苯的色谱分析

针对甲醇甲苯甲基化制对二甲苯反应生成产物中同分异构体的对、间、邻二甲苯物化性质十分相近的特点,选用邻苯二甲酸二壬酯/有机皂土作固定相,氢火焰法在柱温80℃时,检测甲醇甲苯制对二甲苯的反应产物,最佳分析条件是:柱温80℃;汽化室温度160℃;检测器温度160℃;氢气流量70 mL/min;空气:400 mL/min。     

超临界流体抗溶剂法制备叶黄素/羟丙甲纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯纳米微胶囊

Lutein was nano-encapsuled with hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP) to maintain its bioactivity and to avoid thermal/light degradation. Supercritical antisolvent precipitation was applied to prepare lutein/HPMCP nano-capsule. The effects of several operating parameters on the yield, lutein loading, encapsulation efficiency, particle size and particle size distribution of the nanocapsule were investigated. The mean diameter of nanocapsules ranged from 163 nm to 219 nm under appropriate experimental conditions. The result of scanning electron microscope showed that the nanocapsules were nearly spherical. The highest yield reached 95.35% when the initial concentration of lutein was saturated. The highest lutein loading of 15.80% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.41% were obtained under the conditions of 11 MPa, 40C and CHPMCP︰Clutein 5︰l. The results may pro-mote the application of lutein in food industry.     

Degradation of di-n-butyl phthalate using photoreactor packed with TiO2 immobilized on glass beads

This study evaluated the performance of a photoreactor packed with TiO2/glass, TiO2 immobilized on glass beads, initiated by UV irradiation, denoted as UV/TiO2/glass, to decompose di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in an aqueous solution. The photodegradation rate of DBP by this UV/TiO2/glass process was found to obey pseudo first-order kinetics represented by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The experimental results of this study show that the influence of pH value of an aqueous solution to reaction rate was negligible at the pH values 4.5-9. The effect of cations on the photodegradation rate of DBP reveals that the larger the charge and size of cations contained, the more the inhibition of reaction rate increased. The UV/TiO2/glass process yielded a 75% degradation efficiency of DBP with initial concentration of 5 mg L(-1) at 80 min reaction time.     

相转移催化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的研究

在无水条件下 ,苯酐与正丁醇反应生成单丁酯 ,经碱中和后 ,与正溴丁烷在相转移催化剂存在下发生酯化反应生成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。在使用的三种碱 Na2 CO3、K2 CO3和 KOH中 ,K2 CO3的效果最满意 ,产率达95%。在少量水存在下 ,此酯化反应不受影响 ,产率基本不变     

邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯合成新工艺

以邻苯二甲酸酐与异辛醇为原料,硫酸氢钠为催化剂,二甲苯为带水剂,合成了邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯.通过实验考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、反应时间及物料配比等因素对反应的影响.结果表明最佳的反应条件是:催化剂为硫酸氢钠,用量为1.0 g,反应时间为2.5 h,邻苯二甲酸酐与异辛醇物质的量的比为1∶2.15,二甲苯带水剂为40 mL时,酯化率在99.3%以上.通过折光率、红外光谱分析、核磁氢谱对产品进行了结构表征.该催化剂具有催化效果好,用量少,酯化率高,环境污染小,价格低廉易得等特点.     

食用油脂生产过程中邻苯二甲酸酯类的迁移规律及其脱除方法的研究进展

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)是一类类激素污染物,在污染的食用油脂中均有存在。PAEs具有致畸、致突变、致癌以及生殖毒性,对食品安全带来高风险。目前,PAEs已被美国、日本、中国先后列入"优先控制污染物名单",也成为我国食品安全领域重点监控对象。对食用油脂加工过程中PAEs的迁移规律和脱除方法进行了综述及展望,以期为食用油脂生产企业预防塑化剂对产品造成二次污染提供帮助。