塑料管道用料分析

由于塑料管道具有自重轻、耐腐蚀、不污染水质且安装连接较易等优点,在基础设施及建筑领域得到广泛应用。目前,市政给水管、市政排水管、建筑给水管和建筑排水管4类管道在塑料管总量中的占比约为68%。未来几年,加强基础设施建设和棚户区改造,将有力拉动塑料管道需求稳步增长。     

The effect of gamma irradiation on mechanical,thermal and morphological properties of glass fiber reinforced polyethylene waste/reclaim rubber composites

Composites of waste polyethylene (WPE), collected from municipal solid waste/recycled waste rubber powder (RWRP) reactive compatibilizing agent, maleic anhydride (MA) and glass fiber (GF) up to 20 wt%, prepared by melting and irradiated with gamma-rays up to 150 kGy have been studied. Tensile strength (T_S), elongation at break (E_b), elastic modulus, hardness, thermal and morphological parameters of the irradiated composites were investigated. The examined mechanical properties have been found to improve largely with filler content. Interesting E_b behavior has been detected for the irradiated composites loaded up to ∼10 wt% GF and has been basically discussed in view of matrix crystallinity and morphology. TGA thermograms of unirradiated composites revealed enhanced thermal stability than that reported for the blend whereas comparatively slight improvement has been demonstrated by irradiation. Whereby insignificant alteration in T_m values was observed by loading or irradiation, yet ΔH_m maximum of 3.41 J/g, indicated for the 5 wt% GF irradiated composite with an integral dose of 75 kGy, emphasizes the influence of the relatively moderate load and dose levels on matrix stability. The phenomenon has been confirmed by the respective SEM micrographs.     

PVP作为保护剂制备Ag纳米粒子

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂和保护剂,分别用乙醇和高分子化合物聚乙烯醇(PVA)作还原剂制备银纳米粒子,通过控制反应时间、PVP和PVA的含量及硝酸银的浓度,在90℃回流条件下得到纳米银颗粒。采用红外光谱对聚合物结构进行表征,紫外-可见光谱表征反应物浓度对制备银纳米粒子尺寸分布的影响,扫描电镜观察纳米粒子和聚合物网络形貌,X射线衍射分析银纳米粒子的晶体结构。     

PE基木塑复合材料的光稳定化及其耐候性能研究

以高密度聚乙烯为树脂基体,同时并采用两种自主开发的木塑专用耐候母粒对其进行光稳定化改性,制备了PE基木塑复合材料,并对其耐候性能进行了研究。结果表明,耐候母粒LS-1和LS-2均对PE基木塑复合材料有较好的抗老化作用。经1000h的氙灯加速老化后,光稳定化改性前后的木塑复合材料的拉伸性能变化不大;改性后的木塑复合材料的冲击强度保持率明显提高,色差明显减小,其中LS-2的效果更佳。     

聚乙烯行业节水减排评价体系的构建

针对中国聚乙烯行业尚未建立节水减排评价指标体系的现状,选取了评价该行业节水减排成效的各个指标,构建了聚乙烯行业节水减排评价体系,并采用层次分析法(AHP)对其进行了节水减排评价。     

试论聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材

对聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材产品及应用体系的特色、构成及配套胶粘剂作了深入探讨，并对该类材料的发展定位提出了看法．     

氯化聚乙烯--橡胶共混防水卷材施工技术

介绍了某住宅楼采用FSG憎水性膨胀珍珠岩作保温层，氯化聚乙烯－共混作防水层的防水施工技术，同时还提出了在混凝土墙面无泛水槽部位，出屋面管道及排气管道采用辅助防水的措施；指出了作屋面也水时由中间向四周，电梯房屋顶由三边向中间铺贴以有排气孔留到屋顶中间等的注意事项。     

废弃PE裂解蜡作为沥青温拌剂的可行性研究

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混废塑料为原材料,在不同温度下裂解得到的2种裂解蜡WMa-1和WMa-2,采用该裂解蜡对70~#基质沥青进行改性,探讨聚乙烯废塑料裂解蜡作为沥青温拌添加剂的可行性。试验结果表明,在试验掺量范围内,WMa-1和WMa-2均具有良好的降黏效果,WMa-1能提高沥青的高温性能和抗车辙性能,但对沥青的低温性能不利;WMa-2能显著降低沥青硬度,改善沥青的低温塑性,但使沥青的高温抗变形能力明显降低。     

阳逻发电厂三期扩建工程屋面防水技术

介绍了武汉阳逻电厂三期扩建工程屋面防水保温的施工工艺、施工注意事项和所采取的防水工程质量措施等。     

Concentration du virus de l'hepatite a sur des membranes de celluloseHepatitis a virus concentration on cellulose membranes

Viral hepatitis type A is the most prevalent waterborne disease in U.S.A. and the number of cases has been increasing in recent years (Melnick et al., 1978). Till now, few works were performed on Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) concentration in water (Hejkal et al., 1982, Elkana et al., 1983). In this paper the filter adsorption-elution method, widely used with other viruses (Wallis and Melnick, 1967; Fields et Metcalf, 1975; Smith and Gerba, 1982), was selected to concentrate HAV from experimentally-contaminated distilled water. Filtration was performed through two cellulose membranes (RAWP 04700 and HAWP 04700 Millipore). Eluate or filtrate viruses were precipitated by polyethylene glycol 6000. HAV is detected by solid phase radioimmunoassay according to a previously described method (Deloince et al., 1982). Figure 1 shows the results of adsorbing HAV at different pH levels. Analysis of variance pointed out that, for the pH levels between 3 and 4, the differences were not significant (P = 0.05). Table 1 shows the effects of pH and number of passages of 3% beef extract or 0.2 M glycin buffer on HAV elution. For both eluents the differences in function of pH levels and number of passages of eluent through the membrane were not significant (variance analysis P = 0.05). On the other hand, the comparison between the two eluents pointed out the higher efficiency of beef extract (t-test, P = 0.001). After this procedure, HAV replication occurred in human hepatocarcinoma cells PLC/PRF/5 (Fig. 2) inoculated according to a previously described method (Crance et al., 1983). As poliovirus (Sobsey et al., 1973), HAV adsorption is the most efficient at acid pH levels. Between pH 4.5 and 5, the remarkable adsorption decrease might be related to the inversion of the HAV electrostatic charges sign, i.e. to the occurrence of an isoelectric point. The HAV elution is different from the poliovirus one, the efficiency of which increased with pH (Wallis et al., 1972) and eluent passage numbers (Farrah et al., 1976). That might suggest that from pH 7.5, both the HAV particles and membranes have negative charges which give enough repulsive forces to allow a good elution efficiency. Improvement of HAV elution efficiency by beef extract is similar to a result obtained with poliovirus by Landry et al. (1978). This effect might be explained by the proteinous material presence in beef extract. HAV replication in cell cultures shows the biological properties preservation after this procedure.