改性油菜秸秆吸附材料对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附

以油菜秸秆粉末为原料,分别采用甲醛-硫酸、戊二醛-硫酸、过氧化氢对其改性,得到生物质吸附材料。利用原子吸收分光光度计测定吸附后Cu(Ⅱ)溶液的吸光度,得出由甲醛-硫酸、戊二醛-硫酸改性的油菜秸秆吸附效果相对更好。进而以戊二醛-硫酸改性后的油菜秸秆作吸附材料,改变实验条件,结果表明,在25℃、振荡20 min,其对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附效果最好,达到95. 87%。     

Advances in statistical mechanics of rock masses and its engineering applications

To efficiently link the continuum mechanics for rocks with the structural statistics of rock masses,a theoretical and methodological system called the statistical mechanics of rock masses(SMRM)was developed in the past three decades.In SMRM,equivalent continuum models of stressestrain relationship,strength and failure probability for jointed rock masses were established,which were based on the geometric probability models characterising the rock mass structure.This follows the statistical physics,the continuum mechanics,the fracture mechanics and the weakest link hypothesis.A general constitutive model and complete stressestrain models under compressive and shear conditions were also developed as the derivatives of the SMRM theory.An SMRM calculation system was then developed to provide fast and precise solutions for parameter estimations of rock masses,such as full-direction rock quality designation(RQD),elastic modulus,Coulomb compressive strength,rock mass quality rating,and Poisson’s ratio and shear strength.The constitutive equations involved in SMRM were integrated into a FLAC3D based numerical module to apply for engineering rock masses.It is also capable of analysing the complete deformation of rock masses and active reinforcement of engineering rock masses.Examples of engineering applications of SMRM were presented,including a rock mass at QBT hydropower station in northwestern China,a dam slope of Zongo II hydropower station in D.R.Congo,an open-pit mine in Dexing,China,an underground powerhouse of Jinping I hydropower station in southwestern China,and a typical circular tunnel in Lanzhou-Chongqing railway,China.These applications verified the reliability of the SMRM and demonstrated its applicability to broad engineering issues associated with jointed rock masses.     

降低敞开式隔离开关卡涩缺陷的方法

隔离开关机械转动部位的卡涩缺陷是影响该类设备稳定运行的主要缺陷之一。为减少停电时间,研究一种可以在带电状态下处理锈蚀、脏污隔离开关卡涩缺陷的专用装置及方法。利用六旋翼无人机作为承载平台,在带电处理专用装置基础上对隔离开关卡涩部位喷射除锈润滑剂,利用装置喷射压力强化除锈润滑剂效果,以达到对隔离开关金属部位除锈,脏污部位清理的作用。实际使用效果证明此种方法和装置具有良好的隔离开关卡涩缺陷处理效果,提升了电力系统设备可用率,并对节能减排、保护环境做出贡献。     

Treatment Methods for the Quality Improvement of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA)–A Review

For the purpose of providing references for further research and practical application about the quality improvement of RCA,in this paper,various treatment methods were firstly classified into four categories:removing old mortar (OM),strengthening OM,multi-stage mixing methods,and combination methods.Thereafter,the improvement mechanisms and important conclusions of various treatment methods were elucidated and summarised respectively.In the section of discussion,the improved effects as well as advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were compared and discussed respectively,and recommendations for the selection of treatment methods were proposed.Finally,the further research directions were pointed out,and an integrative programme on the quality improvement of RCA was recommended.     

CDots-(001)TiO2纳米片的制备及其光解水制氢性能

以钛酸四丁酯、氢氟酸和石墨棒为原料,采用简单的水热法将具有高催化活性的碳点负载在TiO_2纳米片的(001)晶面上,制得CDots-(001)TiO_2纳米片。通过TiO_2纳米片高催化活性的(001)晶面与碳点的协同作用,提高TiO 2纳米片的光吸收、载流子的传输和分离效率,从而有效提高材料的光催化产氢性能。紫外-可见漫反射吸收谱(UV-visDRS)、光致发光光谱(PL)、瞬态光响应分析结果表明,暴露(001)晶面的TiO_2纳米片负载碳点后,可见光吸收增强,光生载流子的分离和传输速率加快,在间歇模拟太阳光照射下,CDots-(001)TiO 2纳米片的光电流密度约为TiO 2的4倍,当碳点的负载量为2%时,CDots-(001)TiO 2纳米片的光催化产氢速率达5859μmol/(h·g),量子效率达9.6%。