山西省泽城西安水电站(二期)工程溢洪道裂隙段帷幕灌浆施工质量评价

以泽城西安水电站(二期)工程大坝基础处理溢洪道裂隙段帷幕灌浆为例,介绍了溢洪道裂隙段帷幕灌浆的施工方法,阐述了裂隙段帷幕灌浆的质量评价。     

柠檬酸凝胶法制备Er,Tm∶Yb3Al5O12纳米粉体及发光性能

以柠檬酸为燃烧剂,采用柠檬酸凝胶法制备了Er,Tm∶Yb3Al5O12(Er,Tm:YbAG)纳米粉体,其最佳的制备工艺条件:Er3+和Tm3+掺杂的摩尔分数分别为2%和1%,柠檬酸与金属硝酸盐原子总数的摩尔比为1.7∶1,煅烧温度和时间分别为950℃和2h。制备的粉体颗粒为规则球形,粒径均匀、分散性好,平均粒径约为45nm。研究了样品的发光性能,结果表明:2%Er,1%Tm∶YbAG样品的发光性能最好,在1 587、1 658和1 711nm处有较强发射峰,分别对应Er3+的4 I13/2→4 I15/2跃迁和Tm3+的3 F4→3 H6跃迁。样品的上转换光谱表明,上转换荧光峰包括了蓝光、绿光和红光。     

回转窑托轮轴瓦温度过高原因及处理方法

回转窑托轮轴瓦发热是一种常见问题,会影响到回转窑的运转率。论述了托轮轴瓦发热原因及处理措施。     

Acrylate–vinylidene chloride copolymers derived from corresponding water‐borne latexes: Influence of acrylate units on their potential as heavy‐duty anticorrosive coating materials

A series of aqueous latexes with solid contents of 56%–59% were synthesized by binary emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with an acrylate, namely methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), hexyl acrylate (HA), or 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the acrylate units with short ester side‐chains, such as MA and EA, made the copolymers hard and the crystallization tendency of their PVDC segments was reduced. Hydrophobic acrylates with relatively long ester groups, such as HA and EHA, gave flexible copolymers, and favored the crystallization of their PVDC segments. BA endowed the copolymers with medium flexibility and crystallization tendency. As coating materials, the copolymers bearing MA and EA adhered poorly to the tinplate before or after 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, whereas those bearing BA, HA, or EHA showed good adhesion to tinplate when they had little or no crystallinity. After 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, only BA–VDC80, containing 80% VDC, retained both excellent adhesion to metal and excellent barrier performance. Further study demonstrated that BA–VDC80 could protect tinplate from rusting for at least 250 hr under harsh salt‐spray corrosion. Scanning electron microscopy, FTIR‐attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and DSC were used to evaluate the corroded BA–VDC80 film. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40192.     

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/waterborne polyurethane composite nanofibers involving cellulose nanofibers

TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) were used as nanofillers in this work. Composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) reinforced with TOCNs were produced by electrospinning. The reinforcing capability of TOCNs was investigated by tensile tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry analyses were also carried out in order to characterize the appearance, crystallinity, and reinforcing effect of the cellulose nanofibers. SEM results showed that PVA/WPU/TOCNs composite nanofibers presented a highly homogeneous dispersion of TOCNs. The reinforced composites had about 44% increase in their mechanical properties with addition of only 5 wt % of TOCNs while about 42% decrease in elongation at break. The TOCNs reinforced composite nanofibers were more thermally stable than pure PVA/WPU nanofibers. The development of crystalline structure in the composite fibers was observed by XRD. Since PVA, WPU, and TOCNs are hydrophilic, non‐toxic, and biocompatible, and therefore, these nanocomposite nanofibers could be used for tissue scaffolding, filtration materials, and medical industries as wound dressing materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41051.     

Capacitive performance of polyaniline/manganese dioxide nanofiber microsphere

This work has obtained polyaniline/manganese dioxide (PANI/MnO₂) nanofibers microsphere by interfacial chemical synthesis with 4‐amino‐thiophenol (4‐ATP) as the structure‐directing agent on the Au substrate. The cyclic voltammograms, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to determine their capacitive performance. Powder X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements, and scanning electron microscope were performed for physical and chemical characterization. The effect of 4‐ATP and acids on the capacitive performance of PANI/MnO₂ nanofibers microsphere was elucidated. The as‐prepared PANI/MnO₂ was nanofiber about 30 nm diameters, and they further self‐assembled into sphere. Its specific capacitance is up to 765 F g^?1 at 1.0 mA cm^?2 in 1.0M Na₂SO₄ solution. And it shows a high stability with a capacitance fade of only 14.9% after 400 charge–discharge cycles. The symmetric capacitor of PANI/MnO₂ (PM10+)/PANI/MnO₂ (PM10?) is assembled in 1.0M Na₂SO₄ solution, and its capacitive performance is compared with that of PANI (+)/PANI (?) and MnO₂ (+)/MnO₂ (?). © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40575.     

压汞法总孔容和孔径标准物质的研制

选择市售的氧化铝颗粒作为压汞法总孔容和(平均、最可几和中位)孔径标准物质候选材料,采用交叉缩分(Cross riffling)方法对标准物质进行分装。检验表明,均匀性和稳定性(9个月)良好。采用国际公认的压汞法,联合测量能力经确认过的8家实验室对标准物质定值,结果显示总孔容为0.413 cm3/g,平均孔径为14.77 nm,最可几孔径为11.71 nm和中位孔径为13.97 nm。研制的标准物质填补了国内空白,且其相对不确定度(2.9%~6.0%)达到国际同类标准物质的同等水平。     

胆固醇衍生的新型脂质材料的合成

以天然产物胆固醇和赖氨酸或组氨酸为原料,以6-氨基-1-己醇为连接臂成功构建了两种新型脂质材料。所得中间体和目标产物经熔点、IR、1HNMR和质谱等进行了结构表征,结果表明,所得中间体和产物的化学结构与目标化合物结构一致,为阳离子脂质体的制备和基因治疗提供了载体材料。     

水菖蒲黄总酮的提取工艺及稳定性

在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面分析法优化水菖蒲总黄酮的提取条件,并考察其稳定性。结果表明,水菖蒲总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为:提取温度81℃,料液比1∶25g/mL,提取时间118min,乙醇浓度67%。在此条件下总黄酮提取率的实测值为5.17mg/g,理论值为5.20mg/g。稳定性试验表明:水菖蒲总黄酮提取液在pH9.0左右稳定,温度超过70℃稳定性较差,光照会使总黄酮稳定性下降。山梨酸钾和Cu2+使总黄酮稳定性明显下降,苯甲酸、Zn2+和Fe3+对其下降不明显,NaCl、蔗糖、柠檬酸、Vc、K+、Na+和Al 3+对其基本无影响,Mg2+和Ca2+对总黄酮具有护色作用。     

香兰素生产过程中扁桃酸水溶液的高效氧化方法

介绍了-种对愈创木酚和乙醛酸缩合反应产物3-甲氧基-4-羟基-扁桃酸（下称扁桃酸）水溶液进行高效氧化的方法。将溶解有扁桃酸的水溶液pH调至12．0～14．5,然后按扁桃酸和氧化铜摩尔比1．00：1．15混合后加入自吸式反应釜中,搅拌加热到80℃以上,开始通入氧气进行氧化反应,反应时温度控制在80～120℃,至反应体系不再消耗氧气时为反应终点。反成液再经过固液分离、脱羧反应得到香兰素。反应工艺得到了简化,减少了反应时间,保证氧化反应在2h之内完成的同时,可以降低废水中TOC（总有机碳）含量35％以上．还能大大降低反应设备的体积从而减少设备投资。