氯化聚乙烯电缆料的配方优化

通过正交试验对氯化聚乙烯(CPE)电缆料配方进行优化,以CPE/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基相,硫化剂DCP/助交联剂TAIC为硫化体系、炭黑为补强剂,并配以适量的阻燃剂和增塑剂,制备阻燃型电缆料。结果表明:电缆料的最佳配方为CPE 70,EPDM 30,炭黑10,氧化镁5,抗氧剂2,增塑剂DOP 5,硫化剂DCP 4,助交联剂TAIC 2.5,胶料综合性能较优,且满足电缆料要求。     

600kt/a NPK复合肥AZF工艺特点浅析

介绍中国-阿拉伯化肥有限公司采用AZF工艺生产600 kt/a NPK复合肥的工艺流程,分析该工艺在造粒、干燥、筛分破碎、冷却包裹、气体除尘以及尾气洗涤等各工序的特点。采用AZF工艺生产NPK复合肥能保证产品呈中性、质量稳定、溶解性好、颗粒强度高、水分低、结块轻、肥效高;同时车间粉尘少,操作环境好,排放尾气中有害成分低,环境污染小。     

SiC MOSFET特性及其应用的关键技术分析

SiC MOSFET(silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor)以其优越的特性受到国内外学者的广泛关注,采用SiC器件的变换器能够采用高的开关频率、适应高温工作,实现高的功率密度,在一些应用场合能够代替Si基高频开关器件而显著提高电能变换装置的性能。然而,SiC器件与Si器件存在较大的差异,在实际应用中直接替换使用会存在诸多的问题,例如提高工作频率后产生的桥臂串扰、电磁干扰EMI(electromagnetic interference)等问题。目前已有大量关于SiC MOSFET应用研究的文献,但大部分都是针对SiC MOSFET应用中个别问题的研究,尚缺少对SiC MOSFET应用研究成果的系统性归纳与总结的文献。首先基于对SiC MOSFET与Si MOSFET/IGBT(insulated gate bipolar transistor)的静态、动态特性的对比,总结出SiC MOSFET在实际应用中需要关注的重点特性;然后从SiC MOSFET建模、驱动电路设计、EMI抑制以及拓扑与控制方式的选择等方面对已有的研究成果进行归纳与评述;最后指出了SiC MOSFET在应用中所需要研究解决的关键问题。     

Pd@C3N4 nanocatalyst for highly efficient hydrogen storage system based on potassium bicarbonate/formate

Formate/bicarbonate system has several desirable properties such as noncorrosive and nonirritating nature, as well as facile handling, which make it an attractive candidate for a safe, reversible hydrogen storage material. Herein, Pd nanoparticles supported on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg‐C₃N₄) for formate‐based reversible hydrogen storage is reported. The as‐developed Pd/mpg‐C₃N₄ material was shown to be a superior catalyst for the hydrogenation of high concentrations of bicarbonate to formate under mild conditions. The effects of reaction temperature, H₂ pressure, and bicarbonate concentration on the hydrogenation of bicarbonate to formate were investigated. The catalytic performance remained steady with high activity up to six hydrogenation cycles. The interaction between mpg‐C₃N₄ and Pd nanoparticles and the concerted effects of the nitrogen species located at mpg‐C₃N₄ and bicarbonate played a synergetic role in the enhancement of the performance of the catalyst for hydrogenation. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2410–2418, 2016     

电流模式对柠檬酸盐体系镀金的影响

针对作为密封层使用的镀金层存在沉积速率低、厚度不均匀的问题,使用自研精密电镀电源,对比直流（DC）、正向单脉冲（FPC）、正向群脉冲（FGPC）、周期换向脉冲（PPRC）对镀金的影响。仿真PPRC一个周期内镀层厚度的变化情况。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和X射线荧光测厚仪分析镀层的表面形貌、结构、沉积速率、厚度均匀性和电流效率。结果表明：仿真中PPRC较FPC可以明显改善镀层的厚度均匀性,电流模式影响镀金层的晶面峰强和电流效率,DC、FPC、FGPC、PPRC镀金层的晶粒尺寸依次减小,镀金层表面的致密性和厚度均匀性提高,脉冲模式下阴极振动可显著提高沉积速率。使用适宜的PPRC参数镀金,可以在较高的沉积速率下获得厚度均匀、致密的镀金层。     

WC晶体结构特征对HVOF喷涂纳米结构WC-CoCr涂层组织及性能的影响

为提高纳米结构WC-CoCr涂层的综合力学性能,采用超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）工艺制备纳米结构和超细结构WC-CoCr涂层。探讨了不同晶体特征的WC粉末对颗粒飞行和沉积变形过程的脱碳行为、涂层微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：含有高密度位错的超细WC粉末在喷涂过程中发生了严重的氧化脱碳,形成了大量的W₂C相,涂层孔隙率较大,断裂韧性显著降低。而含有显著孪晶的纳米WC颗粒具有抑制WC脱碳和增强涂层断裂韧性的作用,纳米结构涂层呈现低脱碳率、高致密性、高硬度和高断裂韧性的优良综合性能。     

沸石及凹凸棒石矿物对核素銫的吸附性能研究

本文采用连续法研究了沸石及凹凸棒石矿物对Cs 的吸附性能,为评价中低放核废物处置效果提供一些参考依据。实验表明:4A沸石对Cs 的平衡吸附量为271mg/g,沸石对Cs 的平衡吸附量为195mg/g,凹凸棒石对Cs 的平衡吸附量为22mg/g;单位质量4A沸石处理0.005mol/L Cs 溶液的能力最强,沸石稍次于4A沸石,凹凸棒石最弱;4A沸石对Cs 的阻滞效果最好,沸石略次之,凹凸棒石最差。     

pH and temperature responsive porous membranes via an in situ bulk copolymerization approach

In the present study, an in situ approach to pH and temperature responsive membranes is developed. The membrane matrix is formed through bulk polymerization and crosslinking of liquid monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) while the membrane pores are formed by the templating of inorganic particles. The functional monomers methacrylic acid (MAA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) are incorporated into membrane casting solution in order to confer membranes with pH and temperature responsive properties. The poly(HEMA/MAA) membranes exhibit a reversible pH-dependent water flux, while the poly(HEMA/NIPAAm) membranes exhibit a reversible temperature-dependent water flux. The flux of the poly(HEMA/MAA) membrane increased by 70% when pH was decreased from 10.0 to 2.0, while the flux poly(HEMA/NIPAAm) membrane increased by 150% when temperature was increased from 20 to 45 °C. The protein adsorption and antifouling performance of the poly(HEMA/MAA) and poly(HEMA/NIPAAm) membranes also exhibit pH and temperature responsive properties.     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纱线的制备

以涤纶纱线为基材制备涤纶/聚苯胺导电纱线。采用正交试验分析pH值、苯胺、过硫酸铵的用量对导电性能的影响。通过对比实验观察碱减量预处理的效果;利用万用表对复合纱线导电性能进行测量。结果表明:碱减量预处理非常必要,当pH值为2~3,苯胺用量为10 g,过硫酸铵质量为2g时导电纱线的电阻率最低,为96Ω·cm。