金属有机框架化合物NH2-MIL-101(Cr)对铅(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究

通过溶剂热法,制备出金属有机框架化合物NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和全自动比表面积及微孔物理吸附和化学吸附分析仪对NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)的晶相结构、微观形貌和比表面积进行表征。结果表明,制备的NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)为正八面体形貌,比表面积高达1 656 m²/g。使用NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)对水体中Pb(Ⅱ)进行吸附,结果表明:在30 mg/L含Pb(Ⅱ)溶液中,加入0.03 g NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)吸附剂,振荡吸附100 min,达到吸附平衡,平衡吸附量为49.84 mg/g。NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附过程满足拟二级动力学和Langmuir吸附等温模型,说明NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)表面活性吸附位点分布均匀,对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附属于均相单分子层化学吸附,实验饱和吸附量为71.25 mg/g。NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)吸附材料利用EDTA再生使用6次后,吸附量仅下降20.97%,说明NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)具有较好的再生循环使用性。取某电池车间经处理过的Pb(Ⅱ)质量浓度为30 mg/L的废水,加入0.03 g NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)吸附剂,控制pH值为6,振荡吸附100 min后,测定溶液中剩余的Pb(Ⅱ)质量浓度为0.1 mg/L(低于国家最高排放标准0.5 mg/L),说明NH₂-MIL-101(Cr)是一种良好的Pb(Ⅱ)去除剂。     

Corrosion-Electrochemical behavior of 13% chromium (Cr) martensitic stainless steel in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions

Corrosion-Electrochemical behavior of a commercial API5CT grade L80 type 13Cr tubing enriched with microalloying elements is studied in 6, 7.5, 9, 12 and 15% HCl solutions by electrochemical methods. The objective is to contribute to the comprehension of corrosion phenomena caused by HCl of similar concentrations, generally used in acidizing job. The corrosion morphology is examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDAX. The soluble corrosion products are analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and colorimetric methods. General, as well as localized, corrosion is present. The severest general corrosion with a maximum rate of 26 mm/year is obtained at 15% HCl. The localized corrosion which morphologically differs as function of HCl concentrations is revealed by SEM investigation. In all the above HCl solutions, the commercial 13% Cr martensitic stainless steel tubing shows no passive state. Above 6% HCl, the microalloying elements promote forming a discontinuous film of the corrosion products. The corrosion rate slightly decreases in 15% HCl compared to the published data on a conventional 13% Cr martensitic stainless steel tubing. This is due to both the chemical composition (silicon, manganese and vanadium) and microstructural properties. Copper seems to additionally accelerate the corrosion of the alloy. Published in Russian in Zashchita Metallov, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 372–380. The article was translated by the authors in English.     

Thermal stability behaviors of Cr(N,O)/CrN double-layered coatings by TGA/DTA analysis

In this study, Cr(N,O)/CrN double-layered coatings were synthesized using the cathodic arc deposition (CAD) process. CrN film was first deposited onto a substrate as an interlayer to ensure better adhesion, and Cr(N,O) film was subsequently deposited on top of the CrN layer as the surface layer. Variation in the Cr(N,O) coating composition was achieved through changing the O₂/N₂ flow ratio during the last stage of processing. Phase structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the resulting coatings were analyzed and observed using the X-ray diffractometer, Auger electron spectrometer and SEM. In addition, oxidation behavior of the coatings was investigated using TGA/DTA methods. The tests were carried out by increasing temperature up to 1000 °C in ambient air. With the introduction of oxygen gas during the CAD process, a superficial layer was produced in the Cr(N,O) constituent containing CrN and Cr₂O₃ phases. The formation of the oxide phase attributed to the reaction of chromium and oxygen was more favorable than that of chromium and nitrogen. The results also showed that Cr(N,O)/CrN double-layered coatings exhibited superior oxidation resistance at elevated temperature than that of CrN single-layer coated specimen (870 °C vs. 750 °C).     

3Cr2W8V钢锻件表面裂纹的成因及预防措施

通过对难变形钢3Cr2W8V进行实验,证明了合理地选择锻造工艺参数,也是解决表面裂纹的重要途径之一。     

TbCo／Cr非晶垂直磁化膜的磁特性

在 SPF-430H 溅射系统上采用不加偏压的射频磁控溅射法制备了 TbCo 非晶垂直磁化膜, 并就 Cr 底层对 TbCo 非晶垂直磁化膜磁性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明,Cr 底层的存在能够增强 TbCo 非晶垂直磁化膜的磁各向异性,并使得其矫顽力增加。分别采用 VTBH-1 型高感度振动样品磁强计和 MTL-1 磁转矩系统测量了 TbCo薄膜的磁滞回线和磁转矩曲线。结果发现,厚度为 120 nm,并带有 180 nm 厚度 Cr 底层的 Tb31C69 薄膜的矫顽力和磁各向异性能分别高达 51.2×104 A/m 和 0.457 J/cm3;没有带 Cr 底层的同样厚度的 Tb31C69 薄膜的矫顽力和磁各向异性能分别只有 35.2×104 A/m 和 0.324 J/cm3。Hitachi X-650 型扫描电镜的观测结果表明,带有 Cr 底层的TbCo 薄膜具有柱状结构,这一柱状结构导致了磁各向异性能的增强以及矫顽力的提高。     

金属型铸造高铬白口铸铁磨球的复合变质处理研究

研究了复合变质处理对金属型铸造的高铬格白口铸铁磨球组织及性能的影响。结果表明，采用ＲＥ、Ｂ、Ｖ、Ｔｉ元素复合变质处理，可有效细化磨球结晶组织，改善碳化物的形态与分布，并显著提高冲击韧性和耐磨性能。     

利用"正火液"作为高铬铸铁磨球淬火介质的生产实践

高铬铸铁件在没有添加贵重元素的条件下,利用"正火液"配入适量的水作为淬火介质进行了试验和生产.实践证明,产品在热处理淬火时从未发生炸裂现象,同时完全达到了要求的力学性能指标.生产的锤头其使用寿命为高锰钢的6～8倍,为低铬白口铸铁的4～6倍.     

00Cr17Ni14Mo2不锈钢的性能及应用研究

研究了00Crl7Nil4M02不锈钢材料的机械性能、焊接性能和耐腐蚀性能，从用户和研究开发的角度探讨了其在压力容器、化工装置、化肥装置、海洋装置和建筑业等领域的应用。     

ZG3Cr18Ni25Si2耐热钢熔炼工艺的改进

介绍了改进后的ZG3Cr18Ni25Si2耐热钢熔炼工艺及特点，它具有较高的合金元素收得率，铸件的使用寿命比改进前延长了35％－45％。     

Cr3Si／Crl3Ni5Si2金属间化合物合金组织与高温滑动磨损性能的研究

利用水冷铜模激光熔炼炉制得了由初生枝晶Cr3Si和枝晶间Cr3Si／Crl3Ni5Si2共晶组成的金属间化合物合金。利用OM，SEM，TEM，EDS和XRD分析了该金属间化合物的显微组织，在400℃，500℃和600℃条件下测试了其耐磨性能。结果表明，由于Cr3Si和Crl3NisSi2硬度高、原子键合力强、组织细小、均匀，在高温滑动磨损条件下具有优良的耐磨性能。