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排序方式: 共有2100条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
Ekaterina S. Lokteva Aleksey E. LazhkoElena V. Golubina Vadim V. TimofeevAlexander V. Naumkin Tatiana V. YagodovskayaSergey N. Gaidamaka Valery V. Lunin 《The Journal of Supercritical Fluids》2011,58(2):263-271
Carbonaceous deposits formation was established as the primary reason of Pd/TiO2 catalyst deactivation during reductive processing of CCl4 to form hydrodechlorination and oligomerization products. Three methods of carbonaceous deposits elimination were tested: (1) extraction by supercritical CO2, (2) oxidation by ozone in supercritical CO2, and (3) low-temperature glow-discharge oxygen plasma treatment. Synchronic thermal analysis confirms effective carbonaceous deposits removal during regeneration by ozone or low temperature glow-discharge oxygen plasma; by XPS deep oxidation of surface Pd after oxidative treatment (by ozone or oxygen plasma) was found. Thus H2 reduction was proposed as the second step making possible full regeneration of initial catalytic activity of Pd/TiO2. 相似文献
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63.
We report on the preparation and application of novel heterogeneous supported ruthenium catalysts. The catalysts are active in the synthesis of formic acid from the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide and are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Abundant hydroxyl groups, which interact with the ruthenium components, play an important role in the catalytic reactions. Highly dispersed ruthenium hydroxide species enhance the hydrogenation of CO2, while crystalline RuO2 species, which are formed from the relatively high ruthenium content or the pH of the solution during preparation of the catalyst, restrict the production of formic acid. Optimal activity of ruthenium hydroxide as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid is achieved over a γ-Al2O3 supported 2.0 wt% ruthenium catalyst, which is prepared in a solution of pH 12.8 with NH3·H2O as a titration solvent. A possible hydrogenation mechanism for the hydroxide ruthenium catalyst is proposed. 相似文献
64.
This is the second of a two part paper aimed at investigating the effects of microstructural morphology, material properties and loading on rate-dependent ductile fracture of heterogeneous materials. The locally enhanced Voronoi cell finite element method (LE-VCFEM) is used for micromechanical analyses of deformation and failure in complex microstructural volume elements. The first part of this paper sequence evaluates the sensitivity of strain to failure of computer simulated microstructures to loading rate, microstructural morphology and material properties. In this second part, LE-VCFEM simulations of actual microstructures of a cast aluminum alloy micrograph are used to validate a strain to failure model developed in the first part. A method for identification of critical regions within a heterogeneous microstructure is also developed and validated using in-situ observations of a two-point bending test. The influence of applied strain rates on ductile fracture of micrograph-based complex microstructures is also investigated. 相似文献
65.
66.
复杂地质条件气藏储气库库容参数的预测方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
国内复杂地质条件气藏型地下储气库经过10余周期注采后工作气量仅为建库方案设计工作气量的一半,运行效率偏低。为此,利用气藏地质、动态及建库机理,建立了地下储气库注采运行剖面模型,根据气藏开发、气藏建库及稳定注采运行过程中纵向上流体的分布特征及其变化趋势,将地下储气库剖面分成4个区带(建库前纯气带、气驱水纯气带、气水过渡带及水淹带);按区带确定了影响建库有效孔隙体积的主控因素(储层物性及非均质性、水侵和应力敏感)及其量化评价方法,进一步考虑束缚水和岩石形变的影响,并引入注气驱动相,根据注采物质平衡原理建立了气藏型地下储气库库容参数预测数学模型。该模型涵盖了地质、动态及建库机理,从微观和宏观角度综合评价了影响建库空间的主控因素,大大提高了预测结果的准确度和精度,使建库技术指标设计更趋合理,目前已广泛应用于中国石油天然气集团公司气藏型地下储气库群的建设当中。 相似文献
67.
Although many researchers have estimated crash modification factors (CMFs) for specific treatments (or countermeasures), there is a lack of studies that explored the heterogeneous effects of roadway characteristics on crash frequency among treated sites. Generally, the CMF estimated by before–after studies represents overall safety effects of the treatment in a fixed value. However, as each treated site has different roadway characteristics, there is a need to assess the variation of CMFs among the treated sites with different roadway characteristics through crash modification functions (CMFunctions). The main objective of this research is to determine relationships between the safety effects of adding a bike lane and the roadway characteristics through (1) evaluation of CMFs for adding a bike lane using observational before–after with empirical Bayes (EB) and cross-sectional methods, and (2) development of simple and full CMFunctions which are describe the CMF in a function of roadway characteristics of the sites. Data was collected for urban arterials in Florida, and the Florida-specific full SPFs were developed. Moreover, socio-economic parameters were collected and included in CMFunctions and SPFs (1) to capture the effects of the variables that represent volume of bicyclists and (2) to identify general relationship between the CMFs and these characteristics. In order to achieve better performance of CMFunctions, data mining techniques were used. 相似文献
68.
Solvent Influence on the Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol over Pt/SiO2 and Pt/H‐MFI 90 Catalysts 下载免费PDF全文
Melanie Hellinger Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho Sina Baier Loubna Gharnati Jan‐Dierk Grunwaldt 《化学,工程师,技术》2015,87(12):1771-1780
Second generation biofuels are produced in the bioliq® process at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology via gasification of pyrolysis oil and synthesis of gasoline from the emerging synthesis gas. An alternative strategy is the direct upgrading of the pyrolysis oil by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). The present study reports on the HDO of guaiacol as one of the phenolic compounds strongly abundant in such mixtures. Special focus was laid on the solvent influence using Pt‐based catalysts. Higher HDO ability was seen using nonpolar solvents and acidic supports. Characterization of the catalysts before and after the test showed that the solvent did not only influence the reactivity, but also the catalyst stability. 相似文献
69.
SATOSHI MOCHIZUKIZ 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2013,200(1-3):41-50
Through a series of experiments, an industrial kinetic model of oxidation reaction in ring catalyst beds has been developed, and a rational calculation procedure for specifying the reactor volume and geometry was derived. 相似文献
70.
Conversion of fructose and glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural catalyzed by a solid heteropolyacid salt 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunyan FanHongyu Guan Hang ZhangJianghua Wang Shengtian WangXiaohong Wang 《Biomass & bioenergy》2011,35(7):2659-2665
A solid heteropolyacid salt Ag3PW12O40 has been used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose and glucose. The fructose was selectively dehydrated into HMF with the HMF yield as high as 77.7% and selectivity of 93.8% within 60 min at 120 °C. In addition, Ag3PW12O40 also exhibited catalytic activity for conversion of glucose into HMF. Moreover, the catalyst is tolerant to high concentration feedstock and can be recycled. The results illustrate that the Ag3PW12O40 is an excellent acid and environmentally benign solid catalyst for the production of HMF from fructose and glucose. 相似文献