Recovery of dyestuffs from dilutesolution with two-phase electrophoresis

1 INTRODUCTIONMany new separation tasks arose from bio-technologyand environmental science are separation of solutesfrom dilute solutions.Removal of dyestuffs from theirdilute solutions is one of the examples.Dyestuffsare not efficiently removed by conventional tech-niques,and also,it could cause serious environmentalpollution.Therefore,it is desired to develop newtechniques to separate dyestuffs to save chemicals andto control pollution.Two-phase electrophoresis,a coupled separationtechnique of solvent extraction with electrophoresis,was first developed by Stichlmair et al.On the one     

Extraction of natural plant dyestuff rhoeo spathacea stearn and its dyeing properties of wool fabrics北大核心

The natural plant dyestuf was extraced from herb of Virginia spiderwort tuber with the 90% ethanol solution having 1% hydrochloric acid and the stability of extracts was studied. The obtained dye was applied to dye wool strips with direct staining and mordant dyeing methods and then the optimum dyeing process was wool. The affects of pH value on the stability of rhoeo spathacea stearn extracts were greatest. The temperature and concentration of dyeing solution had significant effect on the direct dyeing. The optimal direct dyeing conditions were time 60 min, temperature 80 C, pH value 4, dye concentration 0.6x, liquor ratio 1:40. The dyeing effect of post mordant dyeing was better than pre mordant dyeing. The optimal mordanted dyeing by using the orthogonal experimental design were temperature 60 C, time 40 min, liquor ratio 1:40, mordant dosage 6% (owf). The colour fastness reached to 3 grade or more.     

改善阴离子染料对阴离子鞣剂复鞣坯革上染性能的研究(Ⅱ)——改变染色系统pH值及固色

用正交试验法研究了用碱式氯化铝固色中各因素的影响。比较了染前加甲酸和氨水对革面着色深度的影响。用光学仪器对染色坯革表面着色深度进行检测,以CIE1976(L~*a~*b~*)色度空间及其色差公式评定革面着色情况。得出了能明显提高坏革表面着色深度的染色固色工艺。     

影响超细纤维合成革染色性能的因素

研究通过使用酸性染料、直接性染料、活性染料、中性染料等材料 ,对超细纤维基布进行染色试验 ,筛选出适合超细纤维基布用的染料 ,并且对染料的用量范围进行摸索研究     

Removal of Metanil Yellow from its Aqueous Solution by Fly Ash and Activated Carbon Produced from Different Sources

Abstract

The present study has been undertaken to observe the relative efficiency of removal of metanil yellow from its aqueous solution by using different adsorbents like fly ash and activated carbon produced from different sources i.e. coconut shell, mehagani saw dust, and rice husk. It has also been observed that the rate of adsorption is highly dependent on contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and initial concentration of the dyestuff. Rate of removal has been observed to increase with increasing contact time and adsorbent dose but with decreasing initial concentration. Higher removal has been observed generally in acidic range. Adsorptions by the adsorbents under investigation follow the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models where Freundlich and Langmuir constants have also been determined at different temperatures. Isotherms have been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters like free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption. Kinetic studies showed that all the adsorbents follow first order adsorption rate model with respect to the dye solution concentration. Various kinetic parameters such as first order adsorption rate constant, mass‐transfer co‐efficient, pore‐diffusion constant, and activation energy of adsorption were evaluated to establish the mechanism. Adsorption processes were found to be endothermic, spontaneous, and pore‐diffusion controlled for all the adsorbents. Among the adsorbents used in this study, activated carbon produced from mehagani saw dust has been found to be the most effective, which remove almost 100% metanil yellow from its 1000 ppm aqueous solution.     

活性黑RL染料合成工艺研究

通过实验确定活性黑RL染料的合成工艺。本文采用γ酸重氮化后,在低温酸性条件下与1-(4-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮偶合,2,5-二甲氧基对位酯重氮化后与上述产物进行第二次偶合,偶合产物经Cu络合后盐析、干燥得到活性黑RL染料成品。最佳工艺条件为:重氮反应温度控制在0～5℃、偶合反应时pH=7.5～8、Cu络合反应时温度控制在110℃、pH=6～6.2。     

媒染剂在天然染料对毛织物染色中的作用

文章进行了紫草、茜草、苏木、槟榔、石榴皮、姜黄、艾蒿、高粱红、栀子、红花等天然染料上染毛织物的实验,探讨了媒染剂在天然染料染色中所起的作用.实验结果表明:媒染剂的应用、媒染剂的混合应用可以丰富天然染料的色相、提高颜色的明度、彩度;另外媒染剂在提高天然染料的上染百分率、提高染色牢度方面也起到了一定的作用,但天然染料的日晒牢度还有待于进一步提高.     

我国染料工业的现状和发展

“九五”期间,我国染料工业的发展势头强劲,染料年产量一直维持在２０ 万～２５ 万ｔ,占世界染料总产量的１／４ 强,成为世界上最大的染料生产国。１９９８ 年我国染料产量为２３．８ 万ｔ,生产染料品种为６８５ 个。我国染料工业已基本能满足我国纺织工业发展的需要,染料的大量出口已成为我国染料工业发展的特点,但是目前无论在品种上或产品质量上与国外先进水平相比仍有一定差距。本文就我国染料产品结构、工艺技术、“三废”治理和生产装备等方面需解决的问题作了论述。     

分光光度法测定还原染料强度

探讨了分光光度法测定还原染料强度的可行性和准确性。通过改变还原剂用量以及还原时间，分析了分光光度法测定还原染料吸光度的稳定性，并与浸染染色法、轧一蒸法所测的染料强度进行比较，测定了各测试方法的精密度。结果表明，分光光度法测定还原染料强度具有很高的稳定性，且操作方便快捷，在还原染料生产和质量控制中具有重要的应用价值。     

棉锦交织物浸染染色中的若干技术问题(上)

如何进行棉锦交织物的浸染染色。作者从四个方面作了论述。也即：1、采用二溶套染法染色时，先染棉还是先染锦的问题；2、棉锦交织物浸染染色时染料的选择；3、棉、锦二组分的沾染问题；4、棉锦交织物浸染染色中应注意的技术问题。