Continuous-flow metal biosorption in a regenerable Sargassum column

Metal biosorption behavior of raw seaweed S. filipendula in ten consecutive sorption-desorption cycles has been investigated in a packed-bed flow-through column during a continuous removal of copper from a 35mg/L aqueous solution at pH 5. The elutant used was a 1% (w/v) CaCl2/HCl-solution at pH 3. The sorption and desorption was carried out for an average of 85 and 15h, respectively, representing more than 41 days of continuous use of the biosorbent. The weight loss of biomass after this time was 21.6%. The Cu-biosorption capacity of the biomass, based on the initial dry weight, remained relatively constant at approximately 38 mg Cu/g. Loss of sorption performance was indicated by a shortening breakthrough time and a broadening mass-transfer zone. The column service time, considered up to 1 mg Cu/L in the effluent, decreased continuously from 25.4 h for the first to 12.7 h for the last cycle. The critical bed length, representing the mass-transfer zone, increased almost linearly from 28 to 34cm. "Life-factors" for S. filipendula were found to be 0.0008h(-1) for the breakthrough time and 0.008cm/h for the critical bed length, using an exponential decay and linear fitting functions, respectively. Regeneration with CaCl2/HCl at pH 3 provided elution efficiencies up to 100%. Maximum concentration factors were determined to be in the range 16-44, a decreasing tendency was observed with an increasing exposure time.     

混合动力挖掘机动臂液压系统节能仿真分析

针对挖掘机动臂下降时较大势能转化为热能的工况,各种能量回收与再利用系统逐渐被提出。基于流量再生与平衡理论提出一种挖掘机动臂的能量回收系统,在该系统中,动臂下降时的部分势能通过流量再生的方式得到直接利用,而另一部分势能通过平衡回路以液压能的形式储存在蓄能器中,当动臂上升时再将该部分能量释放出来,完成能量的回收与再利用。使用AMESim搭建传统挖掘机工作装置模型与该能量回收工作装置系统模型,通过计算分析得到能量回收系统中主要参数的最优值。仿真结果表明：能量回收系统在参数优化后,可实现对挖掘机动臂势能37.25%的回收与利用;同时,在挖掘机动臂的一个典型工作周期中,参数优化后的能量回收系统相较于传统挖掘机动臂系统,可实现55.52%的流量再生以及31.64%的节能效果。     

降低催化裂化烟气中SO2排放的硫转移剂的工业应用

介绍宝塔石化集团催化裂化装置使用的的无毒催化裂化烟气硫转移剂KHS-FCC进行工业试验的情况。结果表明,在原料油性质和装置操作条件基本不变的前提下,添加4%的硫转移剂,再生烟气中二氧化硫的质量浓度从350 mg/m3降至40 mg/m3,脱硫率保持在80%以上,并且硫转移剂的使用对催化裂化产物分布和产品的性质没有不利的影响。     

MDEA再生塔工艺计算

本文基于HYSYS软件模拟结果对脱碳再生塔进行工艺计算。利用关联图法计算塔径2.0m;SPIEGEL公式计算等板高度0.36m;结合q线方程、提馏线方程、精馏线方程、平衡曲线方程计算出理论塔板数为5块。将计算结果代入HYSYS软件结果基本吻合。     

关于改进烧碱装置树脂塔再生控制的设想

离子膜法烧碱生产工艺中使用螯合树脂处理盐水,树脂塔再生周期一般固定为24 h,与负荷无关。本文设想采用树脂塔实际处理的盐水量来决定树脂塔开始再生的时间,以使在低负荷情况下,树脂的交换容量也得到充分利用,减少不必要的再生。     

特大直径逆流再生离子交换器的技改试验研究

福建省鸿山热电有限公司DN3 200特大直径无顶压逆流再生离子交换器,再生成功率低,酸碱比耗大,严重影响了电厂对外供热。为此,福建省鸿山热电有限公司与西安热工院合作,进行了该设备的技改试验研究。结果表明,采用气顶压再生工艺,并采用大阻力中排,是确保大型逆流再生离子交换器再生效果的基本因素。     

用732强酸性阳离子交换树脂去除铬酸盐钝化液中的锌离子

对732强酸性阳离子交换树脂再生铬酸盐钝化液进行了探索。研究了交换处理时间、溶液初始pH、Zn(II)初始浓度及树脂用量对树脂吸附的影响,并考察了树脂的脱附和再生性能。结果表明,该树脂对Zn(II)的吸附速率快,30 min达到吸附平衡,最佳吸附pH为3~6。用树脂再生钝化液不会对Cr(VI)浓度产生影响,能达到"去锌保铬"的目的。该树脂对Zn(II)的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型,为单分子层吸附,具有吸附饱和性,饱和吸附量约为85.6 mg/g。     

两钠装置尾气净化用SCR脱硝催化剂的开发及应用

本公司开发了一种低温高效且性能稳定的SCR脱硝催化剂。催化剂新鲜样品和毒化后再生样品在小试性能测试中NOx出口浓度小于50×10^-6,无明显性能衰减和结构变化,被硝盐污染后的样品可以通过水洗的方式得以完全再生。该催化剂经放大生产后,用于两钠装置尾气净化脱NOx,尾气净化后能达标排放。催化剂经一次水洗再生后运行至今,活性无明显衰减,亦未见催化剂阻力降明显增加。通过实验室小试性能评价与工业应用性能评价结果对比,以及模拟硝盐污染样品再生后性能评价结果对比,说明该催化剂适宜于工业化应用。     

废润滑油再生领域研究进展及专利分析

废润滑油再生能够为企业带来直接的经济效益,废润滑油再生技术的发展和保护是润滑油企业制定自身发展战略的重要依据。文章通过检索中国专利数据库(CPRSABS)分析废润滑油领域的国内外专利申请人在我国的专利申请情况、具体细分领域的专利分布,从而揭示废润滑油再生领域的技术发展状况,并对国内企业的研究方向提出了建议。     

Synthesis of electrically conducting composite adsorbents for wastewater treatment using adsorption & electrochemical regeneration

Electrically conducting adsorbent materials called Nyex™ 1000 & 2000 have already been reported with comparatively low adsorption capacity for various organic, biologically non-degradable and toxic compounds. Two composite adsorbents called CA₁ & CA₂ were synthesized using synthetic graphite-carbon black and expanded graphite-carbon black respectively. The aim of developing the new adsorbents was to increase the adsorption capacity along with good electrical properties. The developed adsorbents were characterized using N₂ adsorption for specific surface area, Boehm surface titration for surface chemistry, bed electrical conductivity, laser size analyzer for average particle size, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for particle morphology and shape. Then both the composite adsorbents were tested for the adsorption of acid violet 17 followed by an electrochemical regeneration. The adsorption study revealed that both the adsorbents had almost similar kinetic behavior with a significant increase in adsorption capacity for acid violet 17 (300 & 26 mg g⁻¹ respectively) when compared with the adsorption capacity of previously developed electrically conducting materials called Nyex™ 1000 & 2000 (3.5 and 9 mg g⁻¹ respectively). The composite adsorbent CA₂ was successfully electrochemically regenerated by passing an electric charge of 138 C g⁻¹ at a current density of 14 mA cm⁻² for a treatment time of 60 min, whereas, the composite adsorbent CA₁ could not be regenerated successfully. The regeneration efficiencies of CA₂ were obtained at around 120% during five adsorption–regeneration cycles. The amount of actual charge passed of 138 C g⁻¹ for achieving 100% regeneration efficiency was found to be similar with stoichiometrically calculated amount of charge. The amount of electrical energy required to oxidize each mg of adsorbed acid violet onto CA₂ (24 J mg⁻¹) was found to be significantly lower to that of Nyex™ 1000 & 2000 adsorbents (52 J mg⁻¹ & 32 J mg⁻¹ respectively).