Impact of nisin producing culture and liposome-encapsulated nisin on ripening of Lactobacillus added-Cheddar cheese

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating liposome-encapsulated nisin Z, nisin Z producing Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis UL719, or Lactobacillus casei-casei L2A adjunct culture into cheese milk on textural, physicochemical and sensory attributes during ripening of Cheddar cheese. For this purpose, cheeses were made using a selected nisin tolerant cheese starter culture. Proteolysis, free fatty acid production, rheological parameters and hydrophilic/hydrophobic peptides evolution were monitored over 6 mo ripening. Sensory quality of cheeses was evaluated after 6 mo. Incorporating the nisin-producing strain into cheese starter culture increased proteolysis and lipolysis but did not significantly affect cheese rheology. Liposome-encapsulated nisin did not appear to affect cheese proteolysis, rheology and sensory characteristics. The nisinogenic strain increased the formation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic peptides present in the cheese water extract. Sensory assessment indicated that acidic and bitter tastes were enhanced in the nisinogenic strain-containing cheese compared to control cheese. Incorporating Lb. casei and the nisinogenic culture into cheese produced a debittering effect and improved cheese flavor quality. Cheeses with added Lb. casei and liposome-encapsulated nisin Z exhibited the highest flavor intensity and were ranked first for sensory characteristics.     

基于虚拟显微镜技术的微操作工具Z方向定位方法研究

在前期研究工作的基础上提出了在微操作的拟实环境中基于虚拟显微镜技术用“试探法”求解微操作工具Z方向高精度定位问题,并针对其三个关键点－确定合理的模糊度判据、噪声处理、确定定位部位,进行了理论分析和实验验证,证明了该方法是可行的。     

企业的管理方法（一）

认为企业要以大文化的视野,纵观世界企业,继承已有的企业管理方法,丰富自己的思想内函;特别分析了信息可使企业成为千手观音的道理。     

集成光学型快速可调谐滤波器的研究

本文提出并设计了一种新的基于LiNbO3衬底的非对称马赫－曾德（Mach-Zehnder,M-Z)结构集成光学型电光可调制谐滤波器,并利用耦合模方程和光束传播法（BPM）对单个滤波器的电压响应特性和频率响应特性进行了分析模拟。文中还利用多个滤波器级联实现多个波长的动态滤波和路由,所得各种特性满足全光网（AON）的要求。     

无透镜Z—扫描测量系统及其在高阶非线性研究中的应用

本文在理论上计算了超短激光脉冲经过光不部件的展宽效应并实际给出了一种基于镀铝反射镜的小色散Z－扫描测量系统,同时也对实验中的其他重要参数进行了讨论。对该系统在材料高阶非线性光学特性测量中的应用进行了研究,实验显示测量曲线与理论拟合曲线吻合较好,所求得非线性参数值与报道值也较吻合。最后给出了对一种个有较大三阶非线性光学特性的新型发光材料的测试结果。     

Comprehensive Molecular Dissection of Dermatophilus congolensis Genome and First Observation of tet(Z) Tetracycline Resistance

Dermatophilus congolensis is a bacterial pathogen mostly of ruminant livestock in the tropics/subtropics and certain temperate climate areas. It causes dermatophilosis, a skin disease that threatens food security by lowering animal productivity and compromising animal health and welfare. Since it is a prevalent infection in ruminants, dermatophilosis warrants more research. There is limited understanding of its pathogenicity, and as such, there is no registered vaccine against D. congolensis. To better understanding the genomics of D. congolensis, the primary aim of this work was to investigate this bacterium using whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. D. congolensis is a high GC member of the Actinobacteria and encodes approximately 2527 genes. It has an open pan-genome, contains many potential virulence factors, secondary metabolites and encodes at least 23 housekeeping genes associated with antimicrobial susceptibility mechanisms and some isolates have an acquired antimicrobial resistance gene. Our isolates contain a single CRISPR array Cas type IE with classical 8 Cas genes. Although the isolates originate from the same geographical location there is some genomic diversity among them. In conclusion, we present the first detailed genomic study on D. congolensis, including the first observation of tet(Z), a tetracycline resistance-conferring gene.     

Z/M对RFCC催化剂反应性能的影响

以稀土超稳Y型分子筛和拟薄水铝石为主要原料制备了重油催化裂化(RFCC)模型催化剂,通过N 2物理吸附和高级裂化评价装置研究了水热减活RFCC模型催化剂中Y型分子筛与基质比表面积之比(Z/M)及其对催化裂化反应性能的影响。结果表明,拟薄水铝石含量越高,Y型分子筛抵御高温水热破坏的能力越差,Z/M越小。拟薄水铝石质量分数为30%时,水热减活后分子筛比表面积仅为减活前的28.3%,Z/M仅为0.8。拟薄水铝石含量不仅影响催化剂的水热稳定性,还影响催化剂的形貌。拟薄水铝石含量越高,催化剂微球形貌规整性越差,当其质量分数为30%时,催化剂微球表面不仅产生了大量的孔洞,还出现了许多裂纹。随着模型催化剂Z/M下降,目标产物液化石油气和汽油产率之和逐渐降低,轻循环油产率升高,焦炭选择性变差。     

地铁引起城市环境振动Z振级的试验研究

给出了广州地铁一号线运营时沿线地表环境振动测试结果,并根据实测结果提出了地铁对城市环境振动Ｚ振级的经验公式。     

Analysis and characterization of aroma‐active compounds of Schizandra chinensis (omija) leaves

Volatile components from leaves of Schizandra chinensis (omija), a native plant of Korea, were extracted by simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) using two types of capillary column with different polarities (DB‐5MS and DB‐Wax). The GC‐MS analysis of volatile compounds obtained by SDE revealed that germacrene D is the most abundant compound (22.6%) in omija leaves, followed by β‐elemene (17.4%), (E)‐2‐hexenal (8.7%), and (E)‐β‐ocimene (7.2%). Aroma‐active compounds were determined by gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC‐O) using the aroma‐extract‐dilution analysis method. (E,Z)‐2,6‐Nonadienal (cucumber) was the most intense aroma‐active compound due to its higher flavor‐dilution factor (243–729) than any other compound. (Z)‐3‐Hexenal (green/apple), (E)‐2‐hexenal (green/fruity), and (E)‐β‐ocimene (wither green/grass) were also identified as important aroma‐active compounds by GC‐O. In addition, the volatile compounds were extracted by solid‐phase microextraction (SPME), and the quantitative analysis of the SPME samples gave slightly different results, depending on the type of SPME fiber, compared with those from SDE, However, the aroma‐active compounds identified in SPME were similar to those in SDE. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

QuEChERS结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定荔枝龙眼中3种农药及代谢物残留

建立一种QuEChERS前处理方法结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱（high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS）技术同时检测荔枝龙眼基质中苯醚甲环唑、氯虫苯甲酰胺、溴氰虫酰胺及代谢物J9Z38残留量的分析方法。荔枝龙眼基质样品采用乙腈作为提取溶剂,利用50 mg十八烷基键合硅胶（C18）、50 mg N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）和10 mg纳米氧化锆（Nano-ZrO2）3种吸附剂联合净化,用75 mm InfinityLab Poroshell 120 SB-C18色谱柱进行分离,并以0.1%（体积分数）甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应离子监测模式（MRM）扫描,以基质匹配标准溶液进行定量分析。结果显示：4种目标化合物在1~100 μg/kg质量浓度范围内线性相关系数为0.9896~0.9999,定量限（LOQ）为0.10~10 μg/kg。荔枝龙眼中4种目标分析物的加标回收率为82.48%~99.17%,日内和日间相对标准偏差分别为4.11%~7.77%、6.10%~13.27%。本方法具有易于操作、简便快速和灵敏度高等优势,可应用于荔枝龙眼实际样品中苯醚甲环唑、氯虫苯甲酰胺、溴氰虫酰胺及代谢物J9Z38残留的同时检测分析。