常用杀菌剂及其复配剂对番茄灰霉病菌的毒力测定

常用杀菌剂对番茄灰霉病菌的毒力不同，速克灵、多菌灵、扑海因、乐克的EC50均小于0．5μg／ml；灰霉净、退菌特、菌克得、甲基托布津、福美双的EC50均小于5μg／ml。百菌清的EC50在10μg／ml左右。速克灵与多菌灵按1：1的比例复配增效显著，按1：2、1：3、1：4的比例复配有一定的增效作用；速克灵与乐克按1：1、1：2、1：3、1：4的比例复配也有一定的增效作用。     

石龙水电站扩容方案论证

石龙水电站是湖北省农村水电增效扩容改造试点之一,通过对该电站水轮发电机组运行现状进行分析,并结合目前国家电网对小水电的政策及要求,论证了其改造的必要性。其次通过计算分析,得出该电站目前没有额外增加装机容量的必要。同时石龙水电站也不具备通过增加电站引用流量或提高发电工作水头而实现扩容的条件,而应通过对电站的老旧机组及其附属设备等进行升级改造、对有压引水系统内表面进行清理及缺陷修补等,提高电能转换效率．从而达到增容的目的。     

HIPS/HDPE制备工艺对共混物机械性能的影响

以高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)=70/30(质量比)作为研究对象,利用DCP及SEBS的协同作用,考察了不同加料方式,DCP,SEBS含量,加工温度,螺杆转速等条件对共混物性能的影响。结果表明:m(HIPS)/m(HDPE)/m(SEBS)=70/30/10,DCP用量为HIPS和HDPE总质量的0 06%,挤出加工温度(后部)为185℃,螺杆转速为80r/min时,共混物性能较高。     

抗氧剂的特征及作用

简要介绍了抗氧剂的种类以及它们的特征和作用。并简要介绍了不同抗氧剂并用的效果。     

印染助剂发展的回顾与展望(续)

回顾了我国印染助剂,特别是表面活性剂的发展状况。重点介绍了前处理助剂的革新和Gemini表面活性剂及树状聚合物的合成方法、性能及应用。提出行业应注重创新,以促进我国印染助剂发展。     

Ethyl propionate: Synergistic kairomone for african palm weevil,Rhynchophorus phoenicis L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Small trunk pieces of a freshly felled 10-year-old oil palm,Elaeis quineensis (Jacq.), were placed in a modified Nalgene desiccator, and volatiles captured for six days on Porapak Q. Gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of Porapak-Q-trapped volatiles with both flame ionization (FID) and electroantennographic detection (EAD) using male or femaleR. phoenicis antennae revealed several EAD-active compounds. They were identified as: ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, isobutyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, and ethyl isobutyrate. In field experiments in the La Me Research Station, Côte d'Ivoire, ethyl propionate (50 mg/24 hr) but not all esters combined (50 mg/24 hr each) significantly increased capture ofR. phoenicis in pheromone-baited (3 mg/24 hr) traps. One kilogram of 1- to 3-day-old palm tissue was significantly more effective than ethyl propionate in enhancing pheromone attraction. Superior attraction of palm tissue may be attributed to additional as yet unknown semiochemicals. Alternatively, release rates and/or ratios of synthetic volatiles differed from those of palm tissue at peak attraction.     

九种助剂对草甘膦的增效作用比较

草甘膦异丙胺盐药液中分别加入九种助剂后对空心莲子草喷多处理，测定植株鲜重及再生植株鲜重，并测定药液的表面张力。结果表明，药液中助剂UC—12、TI—800、JFC、Tween20的浓度达到1000—5000mg/L时鲜重抑制率比CK提高了6—20个百分点。加入UC—12、JFC对根茎抑制作用最为明显，复发率降低了约12个百分点。九种助剂降低药液表面张力的效能从高到低顺序为：农乳500＞904＞APG＞JFC＞TL800＞UC-12＞Tween20＞961＞SD。上述试验结果表明，助剂UC-12、TI—800、JFC、Tween20对草甘膦的增效作用较为显著，助剂增效作用大小与降低表面张力的效能无密切相关性。     

Interactions of pheromone component odor plumes of western pine beetle

The relationships between catch ofD. brevicomis LeC. at sources of the synergistic pheromone components,exo-brevicomin (E) and frontalin (F), and increasing distance of separation of sources were investigated in the forest. The two components were each released with the host monoterpene, myrcene (M), in trap pairs. The traps of each pair were spaced apart at various distances (0–16 m) in either horizontal or vertical lines that were perpendicular to the mean wind direction. Both sexes were most strongly attracted when the two components were released from the same source, and increasing distance of separation between components caused exponential decreases in trap catch for all trap configurations. Males were significantly more attracted to traps with E, M alone than to corresponding traps with F, M alone, while females exhibited a preference for F, M. The theoretical relationships and properties of two coalescing plumes of individual components and their intersecting active space are presented and discussed. It is proposed that confusion or communication disruption techniques for insect control may be more successful if components are released individually from many points rather than released similarly in blends. Dendroctonus brevicomis LeC. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae).Supported in part by grants from U.S.A. and Sweden, NSF (INT-8503520), STU (84-3937), NFR, FRN, and SJFR.     

超声波协同铁粉降解水中2,4-二氯酚的研究

采用超声波/铁粉协同降解水中2,4-二氯酚。考察了初始浓度、超声功率、铁粉投加量以及pH对降解效率的影响,并初步探讨了超声波/铁粉协同降解2,4-二氯酚的动力学规律。结果表明,超声波与铁粉对2,4-二氯酚的降解具有明显的协同效应。降解效率随超声功率和铁粉投加量的增大而增大,随初始浓度的增大而减小。pH对2,4-二氯酚的降解有显著影响,在pH为4时,降解效率最高。超声波/铁对2,4-二氯酚的协同降解符合一级反应动力学规律,降解速率常数为1.52×10-2min-1,与铁粉单独作用和超声单独作用相比,分别提高了约5倍和13倍。     

聚合物防老化稳定剂的协同作用机理

从聚合物热氧老化和光氧老化机理出发，介绍了不同稳定剂间的相互作用，可能产生的协同及反协同作用机理以及一些实用实例。