呋喃并[3,2-g]色满类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

为了发现新型选择性雌激素受体调节剂,以雷洛昔芬为先导化合物,利用生物电子等排原理以及拼合原理,将雷洛昔芬结构中的苯并噻吩环替换成呋喃并[3,2-g]色满骨架,并进行结构优化,考虑到目标化合物合成的可行性等因素,设计出2-芳酰基-3-芳基呋喃并[3,2-g]色满类化合物作为目标化合物。以7-羟基色满为原料,经过酯化反应和Fries重排后得到6-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-7-羟基色满,进而与取代的α-卤代苯乙酮缩合得关键中间体2-芳甲酰基-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)呋喃并[3,2-g]色满,脱甲基后再与不同氯乙基胺类化合物进行Williamson反应得到目标化合物。所有的10个目标化合物均未见文献报道,其结构经ESI-MS和1H NMR确证。采用MTT法对目标化合物体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步筛选,结果表明,目标化合物7d对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7、人骨肉瘤细胞U2OS-EGFP-4A12G和人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3具有显著的抑制活性,具有进一步研究价值。     

糖蜜及其发酵制品的应用研究进展

糖蜜是制糖工业的副产物。对甘蔗糖蜜、甜菜糖蜜、大豆糖蜜、柑橘糖蜜、石榴糖蜜的来源、成分及它们在各自相关领域的应用进行了简要概括,重点综述了以糖蜜为微生物发酵底物,生产相关活性物质的研究进展以及它们的相关作用,旨在为其在医药、食品、化妆品等领域的应用提供参考依据。     

氧空位超薄Co2AlO4纳米片的合成及其增强电催化氧析出反应（英文）

本文报道了通过脱合金和后续退火工艺合成一种新型超薄二维尖晶石结构的Co2Al O4纳米片.通过温和的溶剂热还原法将氧空位缺陷引入Co2Al O4纳米片中,使得电化学表面积增大,活性位密度变高,钴原子得到电子而产生更多的空轨道.这些空轨道有利于接受水分子中氧原子的孤对电子,促进水分子的活化.含有氧空位的超薄Co2Al O4纳米片在10 m A cm^-2时的过电位为280 m V,塔菲尔斜率为70.98 m V dec^-1.此外,其在碱性溶液中也表现出显著的稳定性,并且优于多数已报道的Co3O4电催化剂.该工作为制备高效的可持续新能源材料提供了新思路.     

油/气型炼厂制氢蒸汽转化催化剂研究

采用BET、SEM、XRD、TPR、强度测试以及活性评价对开发的油/气型炼厂制氢蒸汽转化催化剂进行了研究。结果表明:催化剂在较高的比表面积32.9m~2/g下仍可以保持很高的机械强度,且孔隙率发达,晶相结构良好,以轻油、天然气为原料的活性测试结果均优于行业标准。     

季铵型改性壳聚糖的制备及其在兔毛织物抗菌整理中的应用

以三乙胺和环氧氯丙烷为原料，合成醚化剂3-氯-2-羟丙基三乙基氯化铵。以甲壳素为原料通过醚化反应合成了季铵型甲壳素（CCT），再经脱乙酰得到季铵型阳离子改性壳聚糖（CCTS）。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁碳谱（¹³C NMR）对其化学结构进行了表征，运用黏度法和分光光度法测定了黏均分子量和溶解性等理化性能。采用最小抑菌法对CCTS的抗菌活性进行了测定，得到其对大肠杆菌的最低有效抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.2g/L，优于天然壳聚糖的MIC值。以柠檬酸为交联剂、次磷酸钠为催化剂，用CCTS对兔毛织物进行抑菌整理，考察织物经整理的抑菌效果和耐洗性。经5次洗涤后结果表明，CCTS对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达99.9%以上，抑菌率高于CCT和天然壳聚糖，是一种针对动物毛织物良好的天然高分子长效抑菌整理剂。     

粮油食品防霉微生物筛选及其活性物质初步研究

为开发新型防霉剂，降低粮油食品储藏、运输、流通等过程中霉变对其品质和食用安全的影响，研究筛选获得具有强防霉活性的微生物。采用抑菌圈法，以禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）为指示菌筛选具有防霉活性的菌株。利用形态学观察、生化特征鉴定和16S rDNA基因序列比对进行菌株鉴定；通过不同温度、pH和蛋白酶K处理对防霉活性物质进行初步分析。结果显示：通过初筛获得33株对禾谷镰刀菌具有强抑制活性的菌株，复筛后选择的7株菌归属为芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）；活性物质分析发现7株菌的活性物质均不耐高温和强酸碱，同时蛋白酶K处理对其防霉效果没有明显影响，初步推断为肽类；通过抑菌谱测定发现菌株ASAG 62对常见霉菌（产黄青霉Penicillium flavum、黑曲霉Aspergillus Niger、赭曲霉Aspergillus ochre、黄曲霉Aspergillus flavus、禾谷镰刀菌F. graminearum）均具有良好的抑制效果。     

冷冻干燥乳双歧杆菌A04菌粉的贮藏活性研究

目的:监测冷冻干燥乳双歧杆菌A04菌粉在不同贮藏温度下水分、菌体形态的变化及其对菌株活性的影响。方法:选取6批A04菌粉,采用铝箔袋密封包装后分别于4,25,37℃条件下贮藏105 d,监测菌粉水分含量、水分活度、水分分布、菌体形态及活菌数的变化,并用SPSS软件进行皮尔逊相关性分析。结果:不论贮藏温度如何,A04菌粉贮藏105 d期间水分含量均未发生显著变化。而在25℃及37℃贮藏过程中,A04菌粉的水分活度显著增加。相关性分析结果显示,贮藏期间,活菌数损失与贮藏温度及水分活度呈显著正相关,A04菌粉水分活度在0.03～0.1之间时具有较好的贮藏稳定性。扫描电镜结果表明,A04细胞包膜损伤,且随贮藏温度及时间的增加细胞损伤程度增大,甚至出现部分细胞裂解。结论:在贮藏过程中,细菌的存活与贮藏温度、水分活度呈负相关,且细菌死亡与菌体细胞包膜损伤直接相关。控制较低的水分活度且保持相对稳定,有利于延长益生菌粉的货架期。     

黑豆糖蛋白的结构分析及抗氧化和免疫活性

本实验从黑豆中分离得到两种糖蛋白，并对其结构组成、抗氧化活性和免疫活性进行研究，为糖蛋白的高效开发利用提供理论依据。采用碱提醇沉法提取黑豆糖蛋白粗品，命名为HDJ，通过DEAE-52纤维素柱层析和Sephadex G-100柱层析分离纯化获得两个均一组分，分别命名为HDJS2和HDJS5-2。利用物理化学方法和光谱法对其化学组成及结构进行分析，通过测定总还原力、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl，DPPH）清除率及总抗氧化能力研究两种糖蛋白的抗氧化活性，采用噻唑蓝比色法评价两种糖蛋白的免疫活性。结果表明：HDJS2（3.20×104 Da）和HDJS5-2（3.89×104 Da）主要是由中性糖和蛋白质组成的糖蛋白，其糖肽键类型均为O-型糖肽键。HDJS2主要由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、岩藻糖和96.1%氨基酸组成；HDJS5-2主要由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和71.3%氨基酸组成。抗氧化分析结果表明，HDJS2和HDJS5-2的还原能力、DPPH清除能力和抗氧化能力呈剂量依赖性关系。此外，HDJS2和HDJS5-2均能够促进脾淋巴细胞增殖。结论：HDJS2和HDJS5-2具有潜在的抗氧化作用和免疫调节作用。     

Research progress on chemical modification of silk fibroin and its applications北大核心CSCD

Mulberry silk is composed of the two major parts of two triangle-like silk fibroin fibers and sericin covering the fibers and a few lipids. After removing the sericin on the raw silk what is left is the silk fibroin fiber. Silk fibroin is the main part of silk accounting for about 75% of the total weight. Silk fibroin contains 18 natural amino acids such as glycine Gly alanine Ala serine Ser serine aspartic acid Asp and tyrosine Tyr . The secondary structure of silk fibroin has three main conformations α-helix β-fold and random coil. Under certain conditions the three conformations can transform into each other and change the mechanical properties of the silk fibroin material. Silk fibroin extracted from silk fiber is a natural polymer with biocompatibility and biodegradability. It can be further processed into different forms of materials nanoparticles films hydrogels sponges etc. It has been applied in many fields such as biomedicine and cosmetics. In order to meet the needs of different fields researchers have conducted further chemical modification treatment based on the original excellent properties of silk fibroin. Meanwhile the active groups on various amino acid residues in silk fibroin also provide chemical reaction sites for the chemical modification of silk fibroin. The chemical modification methods of silk fibroin mainly include amino acid residue modification macromolecular grafting modification and crosslinking reaction modification. Among them amino acid residue modification can modify protein amino acid residues by chemical reagents and some groups can be introduced into the side chains of silk fibroin macromolecules. Grafting modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is one of the main means to bind functional compounds to silk fibroin macromolecular chains. The properties of grafted silk fibroin are affected by the type and grafting rate of the grafts. The chemical crosslinking reaction modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is to make the macromolecular chains connected by covalent bonds and form a network structure by means of crosslinking agents enzymes or ultraviolet irradiation. The cross-linking reaction can not only form covalent bonds within and between the molecular chains of silk fibroin thus changing its structural properties and improving its stability but be used to form covalent bonds with other polymers. At present the chemical modification of silk fibroin is mainly applied in the fields of silk textiles biomedicine and environmental science. In the field of silk textiles graft copolymerization modification of vinyl and other monomers crosslinking agent modification and other methods are used to overcome the shortcomings of silk like being easy to wrinkle. The graft modified monomers mainly include ethylene methacrylate and methylacrylamide. The active groups on crosslinking agents such as polycarboxylic acid / anhydride and epoxide are covalently combined with carboxyl hydroxyl and amino groups on macromolecules of silk fibroin to improve the wrinkle resistance of silk fabrics. In the field of biomedicine silk fibroin materials with appropriate chemical modification have better biological activity drug delivery ability antimicrobial properties and mechanical properties. The optimization of these properties enables silk fibroin materials to show great potential in drug control delivery tissue regeneration and wound repair. The applied research in the field of environmental science mainly focuses on the adsorption separation and catalysis of impurities in water. Therefore the modification of amino acid residues grafting and cross-linking of protein macromolecules can change some important properties of silk fibroin and meet the requirements of various applications and functionalization of silk fibroin. In many fields of chemical modification and application of silk fibroin protein fruitful results have been achieved which has laid a good foundation for the further development of related fields and also shows that the chemical modification of silk fibroin material has great potential and application prospects. However there are still some problems that need to be overcome and further improved in the current chemical modification methods such as mild modification conditions and accurate adjustment of the degree of modification which will be the research direction of related fields in the future. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.