3-羟基-4-吡啶酮类螯合剂在镓放射性药物中的 研究进展及展望

目前，在肿瘤等重大疾病的早期诊断中，PET/CT（或PET/MRI）是灵敏度最高、分辨率最好的医学影像手段。PET/CT（或PET/MRI）依赖于PET药物，很大程度上依赖于¹⁸F PET药物。然而，随着世界上第一个⁶⁸Ga药物（⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE）获得美国FDA批准进入市场，⁶⁸Ga及其药物的研究正受到越来越多的关注。本文首先介绍了镓的基本核性质和化学性质，然后提出了金属双功能螯合剂的设计要求，并讨论了一些常用镓螯合剂的优缺点。由于3-羟基-4-吡啶酮基团对三价镓离子具有高的亲和力和选择性，因此，特别重点关注了3-羟基-4-吡啶酮多齿螯合剂在镓放射性药物中的最新研究进展。最后，还对3-羟基-4-吡啶酮多齿螯合剂在镓放射性药物中的应用前景进行了展望。     

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Fragrance Compounds from Stearic Acid

Fatty acids are versatile precursors for fuels, fine chemicals, polymers, perfumes, etc. The properties and applications of fatty acid derivatives depend on chain length and on functional groups and their positions. To tailor fatty acids for desired properties, an engineered P450 monooxygenase has been employed here for enhanced selective hydroxylation of fatty acids. After oxidation of the hydroxy groups to the corresponding ketones, Baeyer–Villiger oxidation could be applied to introduce an oxygen atom into the hydrocarbon chains to form esters, which were finally hydrolyzed to afford either hydroxylated fatty acids or dicarboxylic fatty acids. Using this strategy, we have demonstrated that the high-value-added flavors exaltolide and silvanone supra can be synthesized from stearic acid through a hydroxylation/carbonylation/esterification/hydrolysis/lactonization reaction sequence with isolated yields of about 36 % (for ω−1 hydroxylated stearic acid; 100, 60, 80, 75 % yields for the individual reactions, respectively) or 24 % (for ω−2 hydroxylated stearic acid). Ultimately, we obtained 7.91 mg of exaltolide and 13.71 mg of silvanone supra from 284.48 mg stearic acid.     

The 3-dimensional morphology of dendrite during equiaxed solidification of an Al-5 wt.% Cu alloy

In a sample quenched during equiaxed solidification of an Al-5 wt.% Cu alloy, the multi-scales 3-dimensional morphology of equiaxed dendrite was observed. The slim primary stem and secondary branches constitute the frame of dendrite, and rows of dense tertiary branches further divide the 3-dimensional space. In the divided space, the quartic branches grow further. The dendritic branches,which are perpendicular to each other, can change their growth directions and coalesce into a whole. In the tertiary branches and quartic branches, the formation of double branch structures is induced by competitive growth. The branch that wins in the competitive growth will produce a cabbage-like structure by wrapping the failed branches. In addition, the side branch can also wrap the original parent branch to produce cabbage-like structures. Depending on the historical growth direction, the dendritic arms can form vein-like and spicate structures, and the shapes of single dendritic arm may be the cylinder, plate and trapezoid platform. According to the compositions and etching morphology, the single dendritic arm in the final solidification structures should coalesce from a fine porous structure. The porous structures at different length-scales are principally induced by the preferential growth. Based on 3-dimensional morphology of equiaxed dendrite, a new research object for the investigation of microsegregation was suggested.     

基于多视图立体视觉的沙堆三维尺寸测量研究

利用从运动中恢复结构方法(SFM),提出了一种基于多视图立体视觉的沙堆三维重建及三维尺寸测量方法。首先根据SFM方法的求解不稳定特点,结合光束平差法对SFM求解过程进行分析及优化;其次针对SFM重建结果为稀疏点云的问题,利用基于面片的稠密重建算法重新生成稠密的三维点云,再利用泊松算法对密集点云进行三维曲面重建;最后获得模型的三维尺寸信息。对某建筑工地的沙堆进行了三维尺寸的测量实验,实验结果验证了该方法的有效及可行性,提高了重建能力及精度,同时考虑了目标实际测量误差与重建误差,能够满足实际智能测量的应用需求。