室内空气品质(IAQ)评价在装饰工程中的指导作用

室内空气品质(IAQ)的问题导致的病态建筑综合症，使人们的健康和工作效率大受影响。随着人民生活水平的提高，带来了装修热潮，使得IAQ问题在我国尤为突出。由于对IAQ的主观评价要待工程竣工投入使用后才能进行，所以缺乏对工程建设的指导意义。目前，在千百种污染物同时作用时，对将哪些污染物作为客观评价对象，以及评价标准和较为实用的工作方法尚缺少研究，应在实践中不断探索和研究，提高IAQ评价对实际工作的指导作用。     

盘式蚊香对室内空气品质的影响

本文分析了盘式蚊香对室内空气品质的影响,因盘式蚊香燃烧产生的可吸入颗粒物对室内空气品质影响较大,将可吸入颗粒物作为本文研究对象。选择了3种有代表性的盘式蚊香并分别测定了发尘量和粒径分布,为以后的研究提供参考。通过实验,研究了在开窗与关窗两种情况下,蚊香烟气的颗粒物质量浓度和数量浓度随时间和位置的变化规律。     

空调系统中使用静电净化器的探讨

介绍了静电净化器除尘、灭菌、去除总挥发性有机物(TVOC)的相关原理及某些实验测试结果,提出将静电净化器应用于空调系统可望在一定程度上改善室内空气品质。     

空调新技术的展望

采暖制冷用能在建筑用能中占有相当大的比重,以及现代建筑物内的人们表现出越来越严重的病态反应,环保节能与提高室内空气品质是暖通技术发展的方向。为此,本文介绍了几种节能环保暖通系统,以及提高室内空气品质的方法。     

Impact of human motion on TVOCs inhalation dose under side re-circulated ventilation

The main objectives were to (1) calculate the total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) inhalation dose, (2) analyze the proportions of human’s inhaled contaminant dose from different sources, and (3) present a newly defined ratio of relative inhalation dose level (RIDL) to assess indoor air quality (IAQ). A user defined function based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) was developed, which integrated human motion model with TVOCs emission model in a high sidewall air supply ventilation mode. Based on simulation results of 10 cases, it is shown that the spatial concentration distribution of TVOCs is affected by human motion. TVOCs diffusion characteristic of building material is the most effective way to impact the TVOCs inhalation dose. From the RIDL index, case A-2 has the most serious IAQ problem, while case D-1 is of the best IAQ. Foundation item: Projects(2006BAJ02A08, 2006BAJ02A05) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program Project during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period; Project(2007-209) supported by the Excellent Youth Teacher of Ministry of Education of China     

军团病成因及防治

介绍了军团病的起因及生长条件,并就空调系统与军团菌产生的关系,指出空调系统的水污染及风系统消毒净化不当,将导致军团菌的产生、滞留及繁殖,并引发军团病.笔者就当前空调系统中存在的隐患问题,提出了对各个空调系统中军团菌有效的消毒净化技术及方法,并针对空调系统提出一些可行措施,以避免军团菌的爆发流行.     

Effect of ventilation strategies on air contaminant concentrations and energy consumption in buildings

Considering the diversity of indoor contaminant characteristics and generation patterns, finding an appropriate ventilation strategy that can secure acceptable indoor air quality with minimum energy consumption is a challenging task for HVAC system designers and operators. This study theoretically models and investigates the impact of various ventilation strategies on contaminant concentration behaviour and corresponding ventilation cooling energy requirements for a single‐zone enclosure. Two types of contaminants are considered; carbon dioxide as an occupancy dependent and formaldehyde, which is independent of occupancy. An airflow model is used to predict space pressure and air leakage rates across the enclosure envelope, and an air quality model is used to predict time‐varying contaminant concentrations. In addition, a building energy simulation model is utilized to predict the corresponding ventilation cooling energy requirements under hot climatic conditions. Results from this study show that acceptable contaminant concentrations during occupied periods can be achieved by different ventilation strategies but at substantially different ventilation energy requirements. More than 50 per cent reduction in ventilation energy requirements can be obtained while maintaining acceptable IAQ if proper ventilation strategy is employed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CFD技术及其应用

综述计算流体力学的基本概况及其在暖通空调中的应用,概括计算流体力学的研究成果并对今后的发展做出展望.     

住宅室内空气品质及其改善途径

介绍了住宅室内空气的污染现状,指出住宅装饰装修、家具、人的日常活动等是造成住宅IAQ下降的主要原因;从环境及预防医学的角度阐述了室内空气污染对人体健康的危害;并从建筑技术、国家政策等方面提出了改善IAQ的途径。     

汽车室内空气品质的研究进展

车作为一种＂移动建筑＂,其室内空气品质（IAQ）问题逐渐备受关注;分析了车内空气污染的来源及影响因子,对比讨论了汽车IAQ相关的国家标准,指出GB/T 27630-2011《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》中空气污染物浓度限值过于宽松,不利于保障驾乘人员身体健康,最后点明了汽车IAQ的发展趋势。