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91.
Jin Wang Mengke Zhang Guanglong Yang Wenwu Song Weiting Zhong Xunyue Wang Minmin Wang Tongming Sun Yanfeng Tang 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(33):2101532
Highly efficient electrocatalysts composed of earth-abundant elements are desired for water-splitting to produce clean and renewable chemical fuel. Herein, a heteroatomic-doped multi-phase Mo-doped nickel phosphide/nickel sulfide (Mo-NiPx/NiSy) nanowire electrocatalyst is designed by a successive phosphorization and sulfuration method for boosting overall water splitting (both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER)) in alkaline solution. As expected, the Mo-NiPx/NiSy electrode possesses low overpotentials both at low and high current densities in HER, while the Mo-NiPx/NiSy heterostructure exhibits high active performance with ultra-low overpotentials of 137, 182, and 250 mV at the current density of 10, 100, and 400 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH solution, respectively, in oxygen evolution reaction. In particular, the as-prepared Mo-NiPx/NiSy electrodes exhibit remarkable full water splitting performance at both low and high current densities of 10, 100, and 400 mA cm−2 with 1.42, 1.70, and 2.36 V, respectively, which is comparable to commercial electrolysis. 相似文献
92.
Junyu Chen Yuze Li Yuming Jiang Liucheng Mao Mi Lai Lixia Jiang Huihui Liu Zongxiu Nie 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(52):2106743
Cancer remains an intractable medical problem. Rapid diagnosis and identification of cancer are critical to differentiate it from nonmalignant diseases. High-throughput biofluid metabolic analysis has potential for cancer diagnosis. Nevertheless, the present metabolite analysis method does not meet the demand for high-throughput screening of diseases. Herein, a high-throughput, cost-effective, and noninvasive urine metabolic profiling method based on TiO2/MXene-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is presented for the efficient screening of bladder cancer (BC) and nonmalignant urinary disease. Combined with machine learning, TiO2/MXene-assisted LDI-MS enables high diagnostic accuracy (96.8%) for the classification of patient groups (including 47 BC and 46 ureteral calculus (UC) patients) from healthy controls (113 cases). In addition, BC patients can also be identified from noncancerous UC individuals with an accuracy of 88.3% in the independent test cohort. Furthermore, metabolite variations between BC and UC individuals are investigated based on relative quantification, and related pathways are also discussed. These results suggest that this method, based on urine metabolic patterns, provides a potential tool for rapidly distinguishing urinary diseases and it may pave the way for precision medicine. 相似文献
93.
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a persistent and unexplained pathological state characterized by exertional and severely debilitating fatigue, with/without infectious or neuropsychiatric symptoms, and with a minimum duration of 6 consecutive months. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood. There are no firmly established diagnostic biomarkers or treatment, due to incomplete understanding of the etiology of ME/CFS and diagnostic uncertainty. Establishing a biomarker for the objective diagnosis is urgently needed to treat a lot of patients. Recently, research on ME/CFS using metabolome analysis methods has been increasing. Here, we overview recent findings concerning the metabolic features in patients with ME/CFS and the animal models which contribute to the development of diagnostic biomarkers for ME/CFS and its treatment. In addition, we discuss future perspectives of studies on ME/CFS. 相似文献
94.
以微型土压平衡(Earth Pressure Balance,EPB)盾构机推进液压系统作为研究对象,介绍了推进系统的工作原理,对混入空气后的油液黏度和有效体积弹性模量进行分析,建立了推进系统数学模型,并对混入不同百分比空气的系统进行仿真运算,得到了液压缸位移响应和速度响应随系统含气量变化的关系。研究表明:随着液压系统空气含量的增加,液压缸位移响应发生迟滞,速度响应变慢,液压缸在运动时产生振动。结合各液压元件工作原理,依次对实际盾构机推进系统元件进行排气,最终排除了液压系统中混入的空气,为实现盾构机平稳推进提供了理论依据。 相似文献
95.
Wonjun Choi Sungjae Hong Yeonsu Jeong Yongjae Cho Hyung Gon Shin Ji Hoon Park Yeonjin Yi Seongil Im 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(9):2009436
Among many of 2D semiconductor-based devices, type III PN junction diodes are given special attentions due to their unique function, negative differential resistance (NDR). However, it has been found uneasy to achieve well-matched type III PN junctions from 2D–2D van der Waals heterojunctions. Here, the authors present other alternatives of type III heterojunctions, using 2D p-MoTe2/organic n-type dipyrazino[2,3-f:2′,3′-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) and 2D p-WSe2/n-MoOx systems. Those junction diodes appear to well-demonstrate static and dynamic NDR behavior via resonant tunneling and electron–hole recombination. Extended to an inverter circuit, p-MoTe2/n-HAT-CN diode enables multilevel inverter characteristics as monolithically integrated with p-MoTe2 channel field effect transistor. The same NDR diode shows dynamic LC oscillation behavior under a constant DC voltage, connected to an external inductor. From p-WSe2/n-MoOx oxide diode, similar NDR behavior to those of p-MoTe2/n-HAT-CN is again observed along with LC oscillations. The authors attribute these visible oscillation results to high peak-to-valley current ratios of their organic or oxide/2D heterojunction diodes. 相似文献
96.
Junjie Duan Menghang Zhang Pengju Chen Zhuan Li Liang Pang Peng Xiao Yang Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(14):19271-19281
Due to the favorable tribological, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites, especially carbon fiber reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites (C/C–SiC), has been considered as high-performance frictional materials. In this paper, current applications and recent progress on tribological behavior of C/C–SiC composites are reviewed. The factors affecting the friction and wear properties, including the content of silicon carbide and carbon matrix, carbon fiber preform architecture, as well as the matrix modification by alloy additives and C/C–SiC composites under various test conditions are reviewed. Furthermore, based on the current status of researches, prospect of several technically available solutions for low-cost manufacturing C/C–SiC composites is also proposed. 相似文献
97.
Ginevra Zanni Cheng-Tsung Hsiao Ssu-Ju Fu Chih-Yung Tang Alessandro Capuano Luca Bosco Federica Graziola Emanuele Bellacchio Serenella Servidei Guido Primiano Bing-Wen Soong Chung-Jiuan Jeng 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
KCND3 encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel KV4.3 that is highly expressed in the cerebellum, where it regulates dendritic excitability and calcium influx. Loss-of-function KV4.3 mutations have been associated with dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA19/22). By targeted NGS sequencing, we identified two novel KCND3 missense variants of the KV4.3 channel: p.S347W identified in a patient with adult-onset pure cerebellar syndrome and p.W359G detected in a child with congenital nonprogressive ataxia. Neuroimaging showed mild cerebellar atrophy in both patients. We performed a two-electrode voltage-clamp recording of KV4.3 currents in Xenopus oocytes: both the p.G345V (previously reported in a SCA19/22 family) and p.S347W mutants exhibited reduced peak currents by 50%, while no K+ current was detectable for the p.W359G mutant. We assessed the effect of the mutations on channel gating by measuring steady-state voltage-dependent activation and inactivation properties: no significant alterations were detected in p.G345V and p.S347W disease-associated variants, compared to controls. KV4.3 expression studies in HEK293T cells showed 53% (p.G345V), 45% (p.S347W) and 75% (p.W359G) reductions in mutant protein levels compared with the wildtype. The present study broadens the spectrum of the known phenotypes and identifies additional variants for KCND3-related disorders, outlining the importance of SCA gene screening in early-onset and congenital ataxia. 相似文献
98.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(2):1451-1483
Metal/ceramic composites are in high demand in several industries because of their superior thermo-mechanical properties. Among various composite types, the interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) with percolating metallic and ceramic phases offer manifold benefits, such as a good combination of strength, toughness, and stiffness, very good thermal properties, excellent wear resistance, as well as the flexibility of microstructure and processing route selection, etc. The fabrication of metal/ceramic IPCs typically involves two steps - i) processing of an open porous ceramic body, and ii) infiltration of metallic melt in the pores to fabricate the IPC. Although significant progress has been made in recent years for developing both porous ceramics and melt infiltration methods, to the best of the knowledge of the authors, no review article summarizing all the aspects of processing and properties of IPCs has been published till date. This review article is aimed at filling this gap. Starting with a brief introduction about the current status and applications of IPCs, the various processing routes for fabricating open porous ceramic preforms and melt infiltration techniques have been discussed. Subsequently, the data available for various important physical, mechanical, and thermal properties for IPCs have been critically analyzed to thoroughly understand their dependence on various structural and processing parameters. To compare the properties of IPCs with other relevant materials, seven different Ashby material property maps have been used, and the domains for IPCs have been created in them. For each map, the concept of material indices has been employed to critically discuss how IPCs perform in relation to other material classes for various optimum design conditions. Finally, a detailed future outlook for further research on IPCs has been provided. 相似文献
99.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(21):31428-31437
A bi-layer oxidation-resistant coating consisting of a mullite outer coating, and a SiC inner coating on the surface of Cf/SiC composites was prepared by the chemical vapour deposition and an air spray sol-gel process, and its corrosion behavior was evaluated in a wet-oxygen coupling environment. Results show that the formation of SiO2 glass layer and its reaction with mullite particles to form aluminosilicate glass layer, leading to an increase in the density of the mullite outer coating, so that the weight loss of bi-layer Mullite/SiC coating coated C/SiC sample was only 1.11 × 10?3 g·cm?2 in the first 100 h of oxidation. However, the weight loss of the coated sample reached 26.82 × 10?3 g·cm?2 after 200 h of oxidation due to a part of the mullite outer coating was detached. The SiO2 glass phase reacted with water vapour to generate gaseous Si(OH)x, which created distinct holes on the surface of the SiO2 glass layer or inside the molten aluminosilicate glass layer. Eventually, the mullite outer coating was blistered and detached from the surface of the sample due to the combination and growth of holes. 相似文献
100.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2022,42(1):43-51
Poor antioxidant and thermal-shock capacities of C/C composites thermal barrier coating (TBC) caused by cracking and shedding of coatings has been a major obstacle blocking the development of C/C composites. Herein, in-situ growth of whisker reinforced silicon carbide transition layer and inter-embedding mechanism of multi-gradient coatings were brought into the design of TBC to enhance the antioxidant and thermal-shock capacities. A three-layer gradient coating SiC-SiCw/ZrB2-SiC/ZrSiO4-aluminosilicate glass (ZAG) from inside to outside, in which ZrB2-SiC/ZAG serve as oxygen barrier layers with self-healing ability and SiC-SiCw provides thermal stress buffering and bonding against cracking and shedding of coatings, is designed. The ZAG mainly forms a dense oxygen blocking frontier with self-healing ability through fluidized glass, while the ZrB2-SiC can react actively with infiltrated oxygen in a way of self-sacrifice, preventing oxygen erosion to C/C matrix and SiC-SiCw transition layer. As a result, the collaborative work among layers endows this coating with excellent high temperature service performance. This work provides a new insight for the design of excellent TBC. 相似文献