Towards a trust,reputation and recommendation meta model

New trust, reputation and recommendation (TRR) models are continuously proposed. However, the existing models lack shared bases and goals. For this reason, in this work we define an innovative meta model to facilitate the definition and standardization of a generic TRR model. Following the meta model, researchers in the field will be able to define standard models, compare them with other models and reuse parts of them. A standardization is also needed to determine which properties should be present in a TRR model.In accordance with the objectives we were seeking, following our meta model, we have defined a pre-standardized TRR model for e-commerce, identified the fundamental concepts and the main features that contribute to form trust and reputation in that domain, respected the dependence on the context/role of trust and reputation, aggregated only homogeneous trust information; listed and shown how to defend from the main malicious attacks.     

基于误差传递建模的仿真可信性控制

针对模型误差对仿真可信性的影响, 提出了基于误差传递建模的仿真可信性控制方法。在建立仿真误差数学描述的基础上, 利用泰勒展开方法对误差传递模型进行了推导, 得到了仿真误差模型的一般形式。针对误差传递关系的非线性特点, 提出了基于神经网络的误差传递模型参数辨识的方法, 对神经网络相关参数的确定方法进行了研究, 给出详细的辨识过程。为提高仿真可信性控制的效率, 提出了基于敏感性分析的仿真模型综合重要性确定方法, 最后, 通过实例分析表明所建误差传递模型的正确性, 以及该可信性控制方法的可用性和有效性。     

基于红外光声光谱的气体检测系统设计

随着工业现代化的发展,环境变化日益复杂,而人民的环境健康意识也在不断提高.在这种情况下,传统的气体检测系统已不能满足要求,有待开发一种高灵敏度、高分辨率的新型实时气体检测系统.从气体分子红外光谱理论出发,在对当前各种气体检测方法进行分析比较的基础上,设计了一种基于光声光谱技术的气体检测系统.实验证明：该系统可有效进行CO2气体检测.     

含防爆剂农用硝酸铵的感度研究

实验在169℃左右加热硝酸铵到熔融状态,加入防爆剂,冷却到室温,得到含防爆剂的硝酸铵。测试其摩擦感度、5 s延滞期爆发点、静电火花感度以及配成铵油炸药后的撞击感度、雷管感度。结果表明,含防爆剂硝酸铵较普通硝酸铵撞击感度从88%降到24%,摩擦感度降为0%,5 s爆发延滞期从462℃增加到474℃,静电火花感度和雷管感度无明显变化。     

海洋非黏结柔性管道接头密封结构分析

介绍海洋非黏结柔性管道接头的常见密封结构,用Abaqus对接头的密封特性进行数值分析,研究密封圈的密封性能对不同密封结构参数的灵敏度,得到密封结构参数变化对接头密封结构的密封性能和力学性能影响的一般规律.结果表明密封结构的主要设计参数为密封圈的锥角和曲率半径以及加载位移等.     

平面线弹性问题的等几何形状优化方法

介绍具有等几何分析功能的GeoPDEs平台的数据结构和分析流程,针对二维平面形状优化问题,以控制顶点为设计变量,在推导出等几何分析的灵敏度计算公式后,提出基于GeoPDEs平台的灵敏度分析的高效实现方法,并采用移动渐近线法(Method of Moving Asymptotes,MMA)算法进行等几何形状优化.形状优化实例表明该方法收敛速度快,优化结果较理想.     

精密注塑件的生产稳定性探讨

针对精密注塑件的生产,介绍了设计,成型精密注塑件的基本要求,探讨了原材料,注塑机,电压,环境温湿度及模具积垢等因素对生产精密注塑件稳定性的影响,研究了评估工艺参数敏感性的试验方法和获得稳定工艺的手段;说明了统计过程控制（SPC）的基本原理,以及如何利用控制图和工序能力指数CP,CPK来评估,预测工序能力,确保工序确定性。     

采用特殊镀膜分束器的OCT系统性能分析

基于共焦模式的OCT蒙特卡罗仿真模型,研究了在OCT系统中高散射生物组织背向散射光的反射率。仿真结果:表明对OCT成像有贡献的背向散射光强是样品臂入射光强的10^-8~10^-10,这样微弱的有用信号限制OCT系统的成像速度、探测灵敏度、信噪比和图像对比度等系统的性能。为此设计了一种带有特殊镀膜分束器的OCT系统。采用这种结构的分束器,第一,在保证入射光对生物组织无热损伤的情况下,可以尽量提高光源的输出功率,改进之后的干涉仪可以使参考光衰减4个量级,因此不会使光电探测器的输出轻易达到饱和状态。第二,大幅度减小了参考光与信号光之间的能量差距,图像干涉对比度大约提高2个数量级,即使在高速成像的情况下,仍然能够使OCT系统具备较高的成像质量。第三,这种特殊结构的干涉仪可以使样品臂的入射光最强,并将背向散射信号光因分束器反射的损失减少到最低程度,从而使系统的信噪比提高了6 dB,并通过对样品的测试可以测得系统的探测灵敏度可以提高到43 dB。     

European sea bass gill pathology after exposure to cadmium and terbuthylazine: expert versus fractal analysis

The objective of this study was to compare expert versus fractal analysis as new methods to evaluate branchial lamellar pathology in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) experimentally exposed to cadmium and to terbuthylazine. In particular, guided expert quantitative and fractal analysis were performed on selected images from semithin sections to test possible differences according to exposure class (unexposed, cadmium exposed, or terbuthylazine exposed) and the discrimination power of the two methods. With respect to guided expert quantitative analysis, the following elementary pathological features were assessed according to pre‐determined cover classes: ‘epithelial lifting’, ‘epithelial shrinkage’, ‘epithelial swelling’, ‘pillar cells coarctation’, ‘pillar cells detachment’, ‘channels fusion’, ‘chloride cells swelling’ and ‘chloride cells invasion’. Considering fractal analysis, D_B (box dimension), D_M (mass dimension), (mean fractal dimension) as fractal dimensions and lacunarity from D_M and scan types were calculated both from the outlined and skeletonized (one pixel wide lines) images. Despite significant differences among experimental classes, only expert analysis provided good discrimination with correct classification of 91.7 % of the original cases, and of 87.5 % of the cross‐validated cases, with a sensitivity of 95.45 % and 91.3 %, respectively, and a specificity of 75 % in both cases. Guided expert quantitative analysis appears to be a reliable method to objectively characterize fish gill pathology and may represent a powerful tool in environmental biomonitoring to ensure proper standardization and reproducibility. Though fractal analysis did not equal the discrimination power of the expert method, it certainly warrants further study to evaluate local variations in complexity or possible multiple scaling rules.     

基于初始缺陷敏感性的轴压薄壁圆柱壳屈曲分析研究进展

屈曲是轴压薄壁圆柱壳结构最主要的失效模式之一。围绕轴压下薄壁圆柱壳结构的承载能力对初始缺陷具有高度敏感性这一问题,系统回顾半个多世纪以来国内外学者在考虑初始缺陷对轴压薄壁圆柱壳屈曲临界载荷影响方面所做的理论、试验以及数值模拟等工作。研究表明,目前已形成了两类等效考虑初始缺陷影响的方法,即：基于数值模拟的确定性分析方法和基于概率统计的不确定性分析方法。其中,前者主要针对初始几何缺陷,而后者则还包括非传统初始缺陷,如材料、厚度及加载缺陷等。两类方法在开展轴压薄壁圆柱壳屈曲载荷预测和设计方面各具特点和优势,相较于试验结果,多点扰动载荷法和单边界扰动法的预测精度最高,两者均能达到90%以上的预测精度且同时具有一定的安全裕度。最后展望未来基于初始缺陷敏感性的轴压薄壁圆柱壳屈曲研究方向和亟待开展的研究工作,为相关研究的开展提供了一定的参考和指导。