Combining a new baseboard radiator with a fan coil system for improving heating performance and reduce energy consumption

In the present work, the heating performance of a new system combined with a new modified baseboard radiator and fan coil is investigated. Using longitudinal fins with special geometry and also forced airflow at the end of the system causes that at the lower inlet water temperature compared with the conventional models, higher heat output rate be obtained. The heat output rate of the new modified system is obtained by experimental metrology based on the European Standard No. EN-442. Temperature and velocity distribution in the room space is done by simulation of the modified system in the Flovent software. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results are validated against experimental results and there is a good agreement between them. Also, the energy consumption of the system during the winter season is calculated in TRANSYS software. Experimental results show that the heat output rate of a new modified heating system with inlet water temperature in the range of 45–55°C is on average 4.17 times higher compared with the conventional model. CFD simulation also showed that the combined system provides good thermal comfort conditions. Energy consumption of the new system reduced about 13% compared with conventional models.     

A numerical study on nonlinear DPL model for analyzing heat transfer in tissue during thermal therapy

In the present paper, therapeutic treatment of infected tumorous cells has been studied through mathematical modeling and simulation of heat transfer in tissues by using a nonlinear dual-phase lag bioheat transfer model with Dirichlet boundary condition. The components of volumetric heat source in this model such as blood perfusion and metabolism are assumed experimentally validated temperature-dependent function, which gives more accurate temperature distribution in tissues through this model. We have used the finite difference and RK (4, 5) techniques of numerical methods to solve the proposed problem and obtained the exact solution in a particular case. After comparison, we got a good agreement between them. We have used dimensionless quantities throughout this paper. The effect of relaxation and thermalization time with respect to dimensionless temperature distribution has been analyzed in the treatment process.     

Firs-principles investigation of ZrCo and its hydrides

The electronic structures of Zr₈Co₈ and its hydrides have been systematically investigated using the first-principles calculation based on density functional theory. Additionally, the influence of the Ti and Hf doping on the atomic bonding properties of Zr₈Co₈ and its hydrides (Zr₇HfCo₈, Zr₇HfCo₈H, Zr₁₆Co₁₅HfH₄₈, Zr₇TiCo₈, Zr₇TiCo₈H, and Zr₁₆Co₁₅TiH₄₈ compounds) were also studied to provide new insights into the hydrogenation of Zr₈Co₈. The Ti and Hf atoms were occupied the Zr position in the ZrCo alloy, while they were occupied the Co position in the Zr₁₆Co₁₆H₄₈ system. Ti and Hf doping could achieve the purpose of anti-disproportionation. Ti and Hf could weak the Zr–Co bond for the improvement of the hydrogenation performance of Zr₈Co₈, and the covalence of the Co–H bond was higher than that of the Zr–H bond. The existence of a Co–H covalent bond in the crystal is conducive to the hydrogen absorption of Zr₈Co₈ to form Zr₁₆Co₁₆H₄₈. Inhibition of Co–H interaction during Zr₈Co₈ hydrogenation can accelerate the formation of Zr₈Co₈H for the improvement of its hydrogenation performance.     

酱香型白酒机械化堆积发酵生产试验探究

堆积发酵是酱香型白酒生产过程中重要的工艺环节,本研究通过对机械化堆积发酵试验探究,从堆积发酵温度、时间、入窖糟醅水分、酸度、淀粉、还原糖含量,堆积发酵过程中微生物变化规律以及主要功能微生物变化规律进行探究,并对试验结果的出酒率、优质品率、基酒的相似度与传统工艺进行比较分析。结果表明,机械化堆积发酵试验堆子温度能达到工艺要求,但堆子升温较传统工艺班组慢,堆积发酵时间延长;SPSS显著性分析入窖糟醅水分、酸度、淀粉含量、还原糖含量与传统班组不存在显著差异;堆积发酵过程形成了特有的微生态、生物酶类,富集了大量的酱香风味前体物质与中间体,为后期的窖池发酵奠定了菌系及物质基础,使堆积到达"二次制曲"作用;机械化试验班出酒率、优质品率与传统班组相比存在差距,但差异性不显著;机械堆积发酵不会对基酒色谱成分造成不利影响。机械化堆积仍存在一些不足,将进一步改进完善设备,继续开展试验,调节机械化工艺参数,实现提质增量,促进酱酒机械化推广应用。     

闭式外腔循环太阳能墙集热效果实验研究

文章设计了闭式外腔循环太阳能墙系统,从理论和实验两方面研究太阳能墙传热传质规律。以大连市冬季为研究背景,基于对实验测温点不同时刻的持续监测,从逐时曲线中分析了不同环境下闭式外腔循环系统内部温度以及室内获得热量后室温的变化情况。结果表明,太阳能墙集热效率与太阳辐射强度密切相关,在晴朗天气下,白天部分时段单一太阳能墙就能满足采暖要求,不满足采暖要求时可以选择空气源热泵辅助采暖。     

汽蚀对离心泵性能影响的实验研究

离心泵长时间运转后,会出现危害严重的汽蚀现象,造成泵性能下降,严重时影响泵的效率、寿命,甚至造成离心泵内部部件损坏。文章通过改变进口压力的方法对单泵、双泵并联、双泵串联等工况下汽蚀对离心泵性能影响进行实验研究。结果表明:当进口压力小于输送液体的饱和蒸汽压时,液体开始发生气化并伴随气泡产生,表明泵内发生汽蚀;汽蚀初期离心泵的效率开始下降,但表现不明显;随着汽蚀不断增大至严重汽蚀区时,Q 1~η曲线出现陡坡,效率出现明显下降并伴随嗡响。实验证明采用提高泵的进口压力等措施可适当减小汽蚀对泵性能的不利影响。     

空压机润滑油系统可靠性试验研究

对空压机润滑系统进行分析,提出了一种润滑油压力调节机构,保证了空压机在高油温时油压正常,为空压机运动件提供充分润滑,从而提高空压机运行的可靠性。实验证明了该机构是可靠的,为空压机润滑系统设计提供了参考依据。     

The benefits of integrated eye tracking with airborne image recorders in the flight deck: A rejected landing case study

Aircraft accident investigation has played a pivotal role in improving the safety of aviation. Advances in recorder technology, specifically Cockpit Voice Recorders (CVRs) and Flight Data Recorders (FDR) have made a huge contribution to the understanding of occurrences for accident investigators. However, even these recorders have limitations such as the evidence they provide about pilots' situation awareness or behaviours. Supplementing audio and data recordings with video has been discussed for many years and whilst there continues to be debate among regulators, operators, manufacturers and pilot unions, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has mandated Airborne Image Recorders (AIR) from 2023. The purpose of installing such systems is to provide evidence of crew operational behaviours in terms of both human-human and human-computer interactions (HCI) on the flight deck. Video alone is unlikely to provide sufficient evidence for investigators. This study examines the additional value that eye-tracking technology may provide through the case study of an accident involving an Airbus A330-300 aircraft which experienced a rejected landing. Currently, the investigation of such events, where crew interaction with automation is critical to their situation awareness, relies heavily on interview data. Such data may be unavailable (in the case of serious injury) or unreliable (based on hindsight bias). By integrating eye tracking technology into an AIR, accident investigators will potentially gain a better understanding of pilots’ visual scan patterns across flight deck instrumentation. This has implications for flight deck and procedural design as well as training and simulation.     

Flow Cytometry: From Experimental Design to Its Application in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Respiratory Diseases

Recent advances in the field of flow cytometry (FCM) have highlighted the importance of incorporating it as a basic analysis tool in laboratories. FCM not only allows the identification of cell subpopulations by detecting the expression of molecules in the cell membrane or cytoplasm, but it can also quantify and identify soluble molecules. The proper functioning of the FCM requires six fundamental systems, from those related to the transport of events to the systems dedicated to the analysis of information. In this review, we have identified the main considerations that every FCM user must know for an optimal antibody panel design, the quality systems that must govern the FCM protocols to guarantee reproducible results in research or clinical laboratories. Finally, we have introduced the current evidence that highlights the relevance of FCM in the investigation and clinical diagnosis of respiratory diseases, establishing important advances in the basic and clinical study of diseases as old as Tuberculosis along with the recent proposals for the monitoring and classification of patients infected with the new SARS-CoV2 virus.