Co-creation of value and the project context: Towards application on the case of Hinkley Point C Nuclear Power Station

The research analyses decisions as evaluative outcomes regarding project value. The UK-French Hinkley Point C Nuclear Power Station provides the case study. Value is traditionally assessed as inputs and outputs. Here, value is conceptualized as a co-created value proposition at the front-end with implications for realization post-completion. Service-dominant logic (SDL) provides the theoretical lens and contributes to a methodological approach for examining projects. Decision-making outcomes provide the evidence from a range of data sources, including reports and commentaries. The methods are interpretative. The findings show that decision-making extends beyond the time-cost-quality/scope dimensions. The long-term issues regarding value realized are often overlooked. Stakeholders and individual actors have mainly focused upon managing political and financial risks, especially time and cost. The research poses challenges to project management analysis, SDL and research design in assessing evidence. Addressing these issues facilitates a knowledge contribution to SDL theorization and the field of project management.     

Factors influencing the use of artificial intelligence in government: Evidence from China

Some studies have discussed the potential and challenges related to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in government. However, there are few empirical studies that have examined factors that influence the use of AI in government. By collecting policy documents and empirical data from the government, IT enterprises, and the public in China, we identified the influencing factors in the three stages of government adoption, implementation, and decision-making. The research results show that the influencing factors of government application of AI are different at different stages and with different stakeholders’ backgrounds.     

济南市城市规划决策管理三维支持系统应用研究

济南市城市规划决策管理三维支持系统由管理维护系统、基于C/S结构的设计版和基于B/S结构的网络版组成,系统的实现过程为利用空间数据建设三维城市场景,构建数字规划平台,快速获取、存储和处理海量三维数据等关键问题提供了较好的技术路线.规划师利用空间信息和虚拟现实集成平台实现科学规划理念,展示规划成果,为决策者进行科学决策服务.     

A CONTINGENCY APPROACH TO CHOICE

The moment of choice, when a decision option is identified as being preferred, is a key stage in a decision-making process. Some explicit or implicit mechanism, be it optimising, satisficing or a combination of the two, is required to make a choice. Dependable decision-making requires an appropriate choice mechanism, but the process and criteria by which a choice mechanism is selected are seldom addressed. A contingency approach to choice is proposed in which a choice mechanism is selected according to the characteristics of the information available and the meta-level constraints and objectives of the decision-maker. Information used in the choice is characterised according to the extent and type of uncertainty. The importance in effective decision-making of meta-level requirements, for example for inclusive and transparent mechanisms, is discussed. Normative and fuzzy choice mechanisms are cast within a generic framework of choice mechanisms. A new theory of choice based on interval probabilities is introduced for use in some situations where existing theories of choice are inappropriate.     

基于NX CAM系统的复杂曲面数控铣削方法自动选择研究

为了有效解决复杂曲面数控加工规划困难、对用户的数控加工知识和经验要求高等问题,基于NX CAM软件设计出一套满足复杂曲面精加工需求的铣削方法决策系统,通过提炼出复杂曲面中与特定加工方法相关联的加工特征,合理选择加工复杂曲面的4种主要铣削方法深度轮廓铣、固定轴轮廓铣、混合铣、可变轴轮廓铣中的一种作为加工方法。利用NX Open C(UFUN)和NX Open C++结合的二次开发方式进行实例验证。结果表明：该系统能减少人机交互操作过程,降低对编程人员的技术要求,并在一定程度上减少了数控编程的时间。     

Industrial maintenance decision-making: A systematic literature review

The increasing competition among industries has leveraged the emergence of various tools and methods for maintenance decision-making support. This paper identifies in literature the application areas of industrial maintenance decision-making, the relationships between these areas and the ways in which authors integrate tools and methods. This information makes it possible to identify trends and deficiencies in this context, helping to centralize the efforts required for future work. This work follows a series of structured steps for a systematic literature review of papers related to the main topic available in online databases. The selected papers are subject to a content assessment and grouped according to the application areas. The direct comparison between these areas and the construction of a relational matrix provide a quantitative interpretation of the results and well-structured information. Additionally, this paper proposes a framework based on information from the literature, which summarizes the origin and flow of information used in the development of models, showing the relationship among application areas of decision making. The research undertaken identifies trends focused on joint production systems optimization and increasing the deployment of methods for autonomous equipment predictions.     

Multiobjective optimization and decision-making for DG planning considering benefits between distribution company and DGs owner

Environmental concerns and fossil fuels uncertainties have resulted in promotion of multi-source and multi-type distributed generation (DG). However, the development of DG has brought new challenges to distribution system. This paper proposes a multiobjective optimization and decision-making methodology for determining size and site of multi-source and multi-type DG in distribution networks. The proposed method is based on the combination of analytical method and multi-objective optimization method and set pair of analysis (SPA). The comprehensive analysis of the loss sensitivity factor, voltage profile and reliability gave DG candidate locations. The multi-objective optimization method is based on an already-known but suitably modified Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) to solve the constructed formulations, which include maximizing benefits of DG owner and Distribution Companies (DisCo) while meeting some constraints. The objective not only includes costs for DG investment, DG operation and maintenance, purchase of power by DisCo but also involving quantization for improvement of losses, voltage, reliability, etc. SPA, which is a multi-attribute decision analysis, is applied to obtain the synthetic priority of pareto solutions and carry out rank stability analysis. Furthermore, the proposed technique is applied to 37-bus distribution network. The results show that the proposed method is fast, reliable and available to determine size and site of DG as well as balance benefits between DG owner and DisCo.     

Self-adaptive systems: A survey of current approaches,research challenges and applications

Self-adaptive software is capable of evaluating and changing its own behavior, whenever the evaluation shows that the software is not accomplishing what it was intended to do, or when better functionality or performance may be possible. The topic of system adaptivity has been widely studied since the mid-60s and, over the past decade, several application areas and technologies relating to self-adaptivity have assumed greater importance. In all these initiatives, software has become the common element that introduces self-adaptability. Thus, the investigation of systematic software engineering approaches is necessary, in order to develop self-adaptive systems that may ideally be applied across multiple domains. The main goal of this study is to review recent progress on self-adaptivity from the standpoint of computer sciences and cybernetics, based on the analysis of state-of-the-art approaches reported in the literature. This review provides an over-arching, integrated view of computer science and software engineering foundations. Moreover, various methods and techniques currently applied in the design of self-adaptive systems are analyzed, as well as some European research initiatives and projects. Finally, the main bottlenecks for the effective application of self-adaptive technology, as well as a set of key research issues on this topic, are precisely identified, in order to overcome current constraints on the effective application of self-adaptivity in its emerging areas of application.