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1.
Bone related diseases have caused serious threats to human health owing to their complexity and specificity. Fortunately, owing to the unique 3D network structure with high aqueous content and functional properties, emerging hydrogels are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for bone tissue engineering, such as repairing cartilage injury, skull defect, and arthritis. Herein, various design strategies and synthesis methods (e.g., 3D-printing technology and nanoparticle composite strategy) are introduced to prepare implanted hydrogel scaffolds with tunable mechanical strength, favorable biocompatibility, and excellent bioactivity for applying in bone regeneration. Injectable hydrogels based on biocompatible materials (e.g., collagen, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, polyethylene glycol, etc.) possess many advantages in minimally invasive surgery, including adjustable physicochemical properties, filling irregular shapes of defect sites, and on-demand release drugs or growth factors in response to different stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, redox, enzyme, light, magnetic, etc.). In addition, drug delivery systems based on micro/nanogels are discussed, and its numerous promising designs used in the application of bone diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, cartilage defect) are also briefed in this review. Particularly, several key factors of hydrogel scaffolds (e.g., mechanical property, pore size, and release behavior of active factors) that can induce bone tissue regeneration are also summarized in this review. It is anticipated that advanced approaches and innovative ideas of bioactive hydrogels will be exploited in the clinical field and increase the life quality of patients with the bone injury.  相似文献   
2.
Tumor-specific enhanced delivery of chemotherapeutics and modulators to tumor cells and activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), respectively, represents safer and more effective therapy for pancreatic cancer. Herein, a membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)-cleavable spacer is used to assemble low-density cRGDfK onto thermosensitive liposomes loaded with phosphorylated calcipotriol (PCAL) and doxorubicin (DOX), yielding MR-T-PD. The liposome-linked cRGDfK prodrug on MR-T-PD surface is first activated by MT1-MMP, which is selectively expressed on tumor endothelial cells, to release cRGDfK. The free cRGDfK specifically promotes tumor angiogenesis, leading to 3.4-fold higher accumulation and a wider distribution of MR-T-PD in tumors. Furthermore, MR-T-PD rapidly releases PCAL and DOX into the interstitium under heat treatment. The released DOX enters tumor cells to induce apoptosis, whereas the PCAL prodrug is converted to CAL by alkaline phosphatase on the surface of aPSCs; CAL can then enter aPSCs to induce quiescence and promote the antitumor effect of DOX. Finally, by enhancing the exposure of DOX and CAL to tumor cells and aPSCs, respectively, in a tumor-specific manner, MR-T-PD exerts superior efficacy (a 5.9-fold decrease in tumor weight) without causing additional side effects. Overall, this prodrug-based smart liposome system represents a promising paradigm for pancreatic cancer therapy.  相似文献   
3.
叶鹏  谭兴  冷岳奇  王杨凯  王伟忠 《金属学报》2021,26(12):1335-1343
高血压病是一种危害人类健康的严重疾病,尽管高血压的临床治疗已经取得较好疗效,但仍存在不少药物耐受性等不同类型的顽固性高血压,而且高血压的并发症如心力衰竭、脑卒中等发病率仍居高不下,因此,非药物治疗策略的深入研发与应用已成为高血压治疗的一个重要方面。交感神经系统在高血压发生发展中起着关键性作用,目前大多数高血压防治的非药物治疗技术主要通过靶向调节机体交感神经功能来实现,这些技术主要包括深部脑刺激、肾动脉神经射频消融术、中央髂动静脉吻合术、压力反射激活疗法、血管内压力反射放大疗法、颈动脉体切除术等。本综述重点对上述基于交感神经系统的非药物治疗方法的应用现状和相关优缺点进行回顾总结,为高血压的有效治疗提供新思路和多重选择。  相似文献   
4.
MiE is a facial involuntary reaction that reflects the real emotion and thoughts of a human being. It is very difficult for a normal human to detect a Micro-Expression (MiE), since it is a very fast and local face reaction with low intensity. As a consequence, it is a challenging task for researchers to build an automatic system for MiE recognition. Previous works for MiE recognition have attempted to use the whole face, yet a facial MiE appears in a small region of the face, which makes the extraction of relevant features a hard task. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning approach that leverages the locality aspect of MiEs by learning spatio-temporal features from local facial regions using a composite architecture of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM). The proposed solution succeeds to extract relevant local features for MiEs recognition. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate the highest recognition accuracy of our solution with respect to state-of-the-art methods.  相似文献   
5.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(14):19971-19977
Molybdenum diboride is unique among transition metal diborides because it exists in both hexagonal (AlB2-type) and rhombohedral structures. However, it is difficult to stabilize the superconducting AlB2-type phase, which requires either extreme synthesis condition or suitable chemical doping. Here we report the structural and physical properties of Sc-doped nonstoichiometric molybdenum diborides (Mo0.95Sc0.05)1-xB2 and (Mo1-yScy)0.71B2 prepared by the common arc melting method. The AlB2-type phase is found to form over wide ranges of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.29 and 0.025 ≤ y ≤ 0.30 for the first time, and bulk superconductivity with Tc up to 7.9 K is observed. Tc increases with increasing x in the (Mo0.95Sc0.05)1-xB2 series, but evolves nonmonotonically with varying y in the (Mo1-yScy)0.71B2 series. Despite this contrast, Tc of both borides follows nearly the same linear dependence on the electron-phonon coupling constant, suggesting that it is mainly controlled by the electron-phonon interaction. In addition, the stabilization of AlB2-type structure is attributed to the decrease in the number of d electrons as a consequence of Sc doping, which suggests that a similar effect may be achieved by substituting Mo with other d electron-poorer metal elements.  相似文献   
6.
在盾构法隧道工程施工中,盾构隧道必须要严格按照设计轴线准确控制盾构机的实时位置,确保后续成型后的隧道符合设计要求,最终指导盾构机准确穿过钢洞门圈进入接收井。随着建筑施工检测技术日新月异的发展,无损物探技术已经在盾构隧道工程中应用的越来越广泛。本文从工程物探技术的原理出发,以某超长距离盾构隧道施工为例,阐述了在此类工程中无损物探技术对盾构轴线定位的研究应用,通过该案例,为无损物探技术在超长盾构隧道施工中的应用积累了一些经验。  相似文献   
7.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21663-21670
In this study, two series of GaxSb40-xS60 (x = 4, 6, 8, 10 mol%) and GaySb36S64-y (y = 3, 5, 6 mol%) glasses were prepared and the relationship between their compositional and acousto-optic (AO) properties was investigated systematically for the first time. In the GaySb36S64-y system, the AO figure of merit (M2) increased as the Ga increased, and the maximum M2 of the Ga6Sb36S58 glass was 455.78 × 10?18 s3/g, which is ~301 times greater than that of fused silica and ~2.5 times greater than that of As2S3 chalcogenide (ChG) glass at 1550 nm. However, its thermo-optic coefficients (dn/dT) varied greatly (32.1 × 10?6 °C?1–57.2 × 10?6 °C?1), and acoustic attenuations (α) at 10 MHz were high, from 5.446 dB/cm to 7.274 dB/cm. In the GaxSb40-xS60 glass system, the M2 value and α at different ultrasonic frequencies gradually decreased with the improvement of Ga. Compared with the GaySb36S64-y system, the GaxSb40-xS60 glass system had lower α (at 10 MHz) and dn/dT, which are 5.001 dB/cm–5.563 dB/cm and 17.3 × 10?6 °C?1–55.6 × 10?6 °C?1, respectively. These results provide a significant reference for the further development of novel ChG glasses and help expand their application fields.  相似文献   
8.
以NREL 5 MW风力机叶片为研究对象,分析了碳纤维与玻璃钢(GRP)材料的叶片和风轮在静止工况下的模态频率与振型,对比了两种叶片在额定工况下的应力与位移。研究结果表明:两种材料的叶片均表现出较高的抗扭能力,碳纤维风轮的抗摆振能力更强;碳纤维与GRP叶片位移及应力分布相似,刚度较低的GRP叶片使得其位移响应值很大、应力响应值相对较小。  相似文献   
9.
以海上风力机塔架为研究对象,给出了考虑几何非线性的塔架结构控制方程,采用SolidWorks软件完成了塔架三维建模,基于ANSYS软件进行了有限元网格的无关性验证。计算并分析了不同平均风速下塔架的位移和Mises应力响应,揭示了塔架最大位移和最大Mises应力随平均风速变化的规律。这可为风机塔架的运行安全和可靠性设计提供指导。  相似文献   
10.
如何根据有限的网络交互信息确定网络结构是当前网络科学研究的重要问题之一。该文提出了基于网络单一结构属性的网络结构重构分析方法。首先,该方法通过Holme-Kim模型生成一系列集聚系数可调的人工网络。然后,该方法通过压缩感知识别模型对有限信息下的网络结构进行重构。实验结果表明,当仅能掌握20%的网络节点间交互的时间序列信息时,网络邻接关系的平均识别准确率和平均真实关系召回率均随网络平均集聚系数的增大而提高。当网络的平均集聚系数在0.1~0.6变化时,平均集聚系数为0.6的网络将获得最高的平均识别准确率和平均真实关系召回率。进一步的实验分析说明,网络中度小于8的节点其平均识别准确率是决定网络平均识别准确率的关键。  相似文献   
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