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1.
Jieyun Tu Xinghui Shi Yuanrong Jing Huimin Zou Jakub Kadlcak Zhanfu Yong Susu Liu Guangyong Liu 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2021,61(8):2213-2221
Equilibrium swelling and rheological tests were adopted to systematically investigate the effects of softener type and dosage on the crosslink densities. The results turned out that the chemical crosslink density could be distinguished from the physical crosslink density by comparing the results of equilibrium swelling and rheological tests. The liquid butadiene (LB) as a softener leads to the greatest reduction in crosslink density, followed by polyethylene wax (PW) and paraffinic oil (PO). The tensile strength decreases with increasing PO content while shows peak values with increase of LB and PW contents. The dependencies of chemical crosslink density on the aging time under 150°C are quite different for the three softeners, which can be expected from the double crosslinking networks consisting of small softener and large main crosslinking networks. Further investigation has been performed to correlate the tensile strength with chemical crosslink density of ethylene propylene diene monomer elastomer vulcanizates. Three different linear relationships can be obtained for the softeners independent of the aging time. It can now be expected from this study that the role of some new softeners in rubber compounds is not only confined to plasticization but also forms crosslinking networks in the peroxide-cured rubbers. 相似文献
2.
Yujing Zhang Pin Liu Kumara Raja Kandula Wenru Li Yanfeng Qin Haibo Zhang Guangzu Zhang 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(1):360-367
The applications of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials in miniaturized and integrated electronic devices are limited by their low energy density. To address the above issue, the antiferroelectricity of the reinforced material was designed to improve its AFE-ferroelectric (FE) phase transition under electric fields. In this present study, the composition of Zr4+ (0.72 Å) and Ti4+ (0.605 Å) at B-site of Pb0.97La0.02(ZrxSn0.05Ti0.95-x)O3 ceramics with orthogonal reflections are synthesized via the tape-casting method. These ceramics are modified to enhance their antiferroelectricity by reducing their tolerance factor. A recoverable energy storage density Wrec 12.1 J/cm3 was obtained for x = 0.93 under 376 kV/cm, which is superior value than reported until now in lead-based energy storage systems. Moreover, the discharge energy density can reach 10.23 J/cm3, and 90 % of which can be released within 5.66 μs. This work provides a new window and potential materials for further industrialization of pulse power capacitors. 相似文献
3.
Yunyan Liu Ning Jiang Yao Liu Dawei Cui Chang-Feng Yu Huiqiang Liu Zhao Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(16):22416-22423
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was used to prepare tungsten trioxide (WO3) films on ITO substrates with a varying laser power density of 4.0–5.5 W/cm2. XPS indicated that when the laser power density decreased, the peak positions of the W 4f and O 1s orbits shifted slightly to low energy due to the difference in oxygen vacancies. As the laser power density decreased, W6+ gradually replaced the lattice position of O2?, increasing oxygen vacancies in the lattice. The transmittance modulated values (ΔT) were over 44% at 830 nm, indicating strong absorption by the WO3 thin films in the near-infrared ray. The switching time of the WO3 thin films between bleached states and coloured states decreased as the laser power density increased due to the amorphous structure, morphology, and lower oxygen deficiency at a high power density. The high ΔT and very fast switching time of tb (1.09 s) and tc (6.01 s) demonstrated the excellent electrochromic (EC) properties of the WO3 films prepared by PLD. 相似文献
4.
生物质基喷气燃料是指全部或大部分来源于生物资源的喷气燃料,符合清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系的要求。以生物质基喷气燃料替代传统石油基喷气燃料有助于我国早日实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的远大目标。在阐述生物质基喷气燃料生产工艺的发展历程及生物质基喷气燃料应用现状的基础上,提出高密度的生物质基喷气燃料是未来喷气燃料的发展方向,具有多环结构的生物质是合成高密度生物质基喷气燃料组分的优质原料;同时,总结了高密度生物质基喷气燃料组分生产工艺的研究进展,展望了生物质基喷气燃料未来的发展及挑战。 相似文献
5.
气藏平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
平均地层压力是产能评价和动态分析的基础,准确、快速获取平均地层压力对高效开发气藏意义重大。基于地层压力随时间变化的规律,分析了平均地层压力的变化规律。研究结果表明:平均地层压力等效点仅随时间发生改变,平均地层压力的下降速率等于或者近似等于井底流压的下降速率。从封闭弹性驱动气藏的物质平衡方程出发,考虑偏差系数和井底流压随平均地层压力的变化,推导建立了平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法,根据生产数据可迭代计算平均地层压力。方法验证结果显示,采气速度和采出程度共同影响模型的计算结果。应用实例表明,跟踪计算法与压力恢复试井和物质平衡法之间的相对误差均较小,满足工程计算精度要求,且跟踪计算法不需依托生产测试数据,节约了测试费用,避免了测试占产。 相似文献
6.
采用有限元模拟和实验研究了挤压钛合金弯曲管件。通过实验验证了工件的形状和尺寸精度,并通过有限元模拟分析了工艺参数对挤出过程中变形体的平均压应力分布情况和挤出弯管件的曲率半径的影响规律。结果表明:有限元模拟中,弯管件的曲率半径误差为6.03%,弯管直径误差为3.82%;在靠近定径带处,平均压应力呈非均匀分布;在焊合腔内,靠近细分流孔区域的平均压应力小于靠近粗分流孔区域的平均压应力,平均压应力的大小顺序在通过粗、细分流孔前后相反;在模具结构固定不变时,弯管件的曲率半径随挤压速度的减小而增大,不随挤压温度的变化而变化。 相似文献
7.
Gang Liu Ya Wang Jianpeng Li Ying Liu Maryam Salehabadi 《Journal of Sulfur Chemistry》2021,42(1):40-50
Based on the experimental reports, Au-decoration on the ZnO nanostructures dramatically increases the electronic sensitivity to H2S gas. In the current study, we computationally scrutinized the mechanism of Au-decoration on a ZnO nanotube (ZON) and the influence on its sensing behavior toward H2S gas. The intrinsic ZON weakly interacted with the H2S gas with an adsorption energy of ?11.2 kcal/mol. The interaction showed no effect on the HOMO–LUMO gap and conductivity of ZON. The predicted response of intrinsic ZON toward H2S gas is 6.3, which increases to 78.1 by the Au-decoration at 298 K. The corresponding experimental values are about 5.0 and 80.0, indicating excellent agreement with our findings. We showed that the Au atom catalyzes the reaction 3O2?+?2H2S?→?2SO2?+?2H2O. Our calculated energy barrier (at 298 K) is about 12.3 kcal/mol for this reaction. The gap and electrical conductance Au-ZON largely changed by this reaction are attributed to the electron donation and back-donation processes. The obtained recovery time is about 1.35 ms for desorption of generated gases from the surface of the Au-ZON sensor. 相似文献
8.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(24):34521-34528
Aiming at the problem that power density and energy density are difficult to obtain simultaneously under low field, a novel composition (1-x)Na0·5Bi0·5TiO3-xBaZn1/3Ta2/3O3((1-x)NBT-xBZT) was designed and fabricated via solid-state methods. With the addition of BZT, the crystal lattice, structural symmetry, grain size, and dense degree were all increased proved by XRD, Raman, and Archimedes drainage method et al. Because of the enhancement of relaxor behavior, the x=0.10 sample displayed a high permittivity εr of 2871±15% and a low dielectric loss tan δ ≤ 0.025 in the wide temperature range of 60–400 oC. This ceramic also showed maximum recoverable energy density Wd (2.07 J/cm3) with high efficiency η (71.5%) under a low field of 150 kV/cm. Moreover, pulse discharge testing proved that this ceramic possessed both a significant discharge energy density WD (0.96 J/cm3) and a record high power density PD (108.54 MW/cm3). This work provided a promising material for high power and energy applications. 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(68):29413-29429
The present study aims to utilize the high surface area of the nanotube structure of halloysite (HNTs), an aluminosilicate clay, and conductivity of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as support material for the deposition of nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) nanoparticles. With that aim, a novel bimetallic cathode electrocatalyst, Co–Ni @ HNTs-rGO (Catalyst H3), is developed. This catalyst is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Catalyst H3 demonstrates outstanding oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, electrochemical stability, electrocatalytic performance, and lowest resistance in comparison to the other developed catalysts and conventional Pt/C. Catalyst H3 is used in single-chambered MFCs (microbial fuel cells), where the anode is filled with molasses-laden wastewater. The attained maximum power density in MFC (catalyst H3) is 455 ± 9 mW/m2, which is higher than other catalysts. All the results indicate towards its potential use in MFC application. 相似文献
10.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(5):3248-3265
A novel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) multigeneration system fueled by biogas derived from agricultural waste (maize silage) is designed and analyzed from the view point of energy and exergy analysis. The system is proposed in order to limit the greenhouse gas emissions as it uses a renewable energy source as a fuel. Electricity, domestic hot water, hydrogen and cooling load are produced simultaneously by the system. The system includes a solid oxide fuel cell; which is the primary mover, a biogas digester subsystem, a cascaded closed loop organic Rankine cycle, a single effect LiBr-water absorption refrigeration cycle, and a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer subsystem. The proposed cascaded closed-loop ORC cycle is considered as one of the advanced heat recovery technologies that significantly improve thermal efficiency of integrated systems. The thermal performance of the proposed system is observed to be higher in comparison to the simple ORC and the recuperated ORC cycles. The integration of a splitter to govern the flue gas separation ratio is also introduced in this study to cater for particular needs/demands. The separation ratio can be used to vary the cooling load or the additional power supplied by the ORC to the system. It is deduced that net electrical power, cooling load, heating capacity of the domestic hot water and total energy and exergy efficiency are 789.7 kW, 317.3 kW, 65.75 kW, 69.86% and 47.4% respectively under integral design conditions. Using a parametric approach, the effects of main parameters on the output of the device are analyzed. Current density is an important parameter for system performance. Increasing the current density leads to increased power produced by the system, decreased exergy efficiency in the system and increased energy efficiency. After-burner, air and fuel heat exchangers are observed to have the highest exergy destruction rates. Lower current density values are desirable for better exergy-based sustainability from the exergetic environmental impact assessment. Higher current density values have negative effect on the environment. 相似文献