Influence of Sm and Cd co-substitutions on physical,magnetic, Mössbauer,electric, and dielectric properties of Co2X hexagonal ferrites in presence of a hematite phase

X-type samarium-cadmium co-substituted hexaferrite with compositions Ba_2-xSm_xCo₂Cd_yFe_28-yO₄₆ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.08, and 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) were prepared at 1340 °C using a simple heat treatment technique. All heated samples were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, M?ssbauer, and low-frequency dielectric measurements. XRD analysis of prepared samples shows the formation of X as a major phase along with hematite. The M_S value varied from 67.01 Am²/kg to 50.43 Am²/kg; whereas the H_c value changed from 2.95 kA/m to 6.17 kA/m, A high value of M_S (67.01 Am²/kg) is observed in the pure sample, and a very low value of H_c (2.95 kA/m) is observed for x = 0.06, y = 0.3 compositions, but Mr/Ms < 0.5 confirm the multi-domain nature of prepared hexaferrites. Hysteresis loops of all samples are narrow, and confirmed that formed samples belong to magnetically soft. Mössbauer spectra of the three samples (S1, S3, and S5) show the existence of doublets. Significantly low values of coercivity, retentivity, and loss tangent in Sm–Cd substituted samples signified those prepared materials can be used to design electromagnets, transformer cores, electric motors, and maybe a potential candidate for lossless low-frequency applications.     

Assessment of plastic damage in high strength structural steel using electromagnetic technique

ABSTRACT

High strength structural (HSS) steels are widely used in many construction equipment and infrastructures. Currently, there is a substantial demand of Non-Destructive Testing of these steel structures. In this research, the electromagnetic technique was utilised to assess the plastic damage in a typical HSS steel (i.e. Q690 steel). The results showed that the magnetic hysteresis loop of this material changed apparently after the tensile deformation, and the relevant magnetic parameters such as coercivity, remanence, and maximum permeability were sensitive to the cumulative plastic strain. The results demonstrated that there is a good coherence between the plastic damage evolution and the magnetic parameters variation, which indicated that the electromagnetic technique is an effective method to assess the plastic damage of HSS steel.     

高密度块状钐铁氮磁体制备的研究进展

钐铁氮化合物(Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃)因具有比钕铁硼(Nd₂Fe₁₄B)更高的磁晶各向异性场和居里温度值及更少的稀土含量,成为新型稀土永磁材料研究热点。但是,由于钐铁氮在600℃左右会分解导致永磁性能消失,因此常规的高温烧结工艺并不适用于钐铁氮烧结磁体的制备,现只能将其与高分子材料复合用作塑磁材料,这就导致Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃的磁学性能无法得到充分发挥。因此,开发低温成型工艺制备全金属高密度块状磁体是获取高性能钐铁氮磁体的关键。经过30多年的努力,科研人员已开发出多种制备钐铁氮磁体的低温快速成型工艺,并获得最大磁能积达到199 k J/m³的高性能磁体。本研究将从磁体的制备方法出发,总结当前块状钐铁氮磁体的研究现状及面临的问题,尤其针对不同成型方法出现矫顽力下降的现象提出分析,并对其今后的发展做出展望。     

Temperature dependent coercivity of randomly assembled acicular Fe3O4 particles

Abstract

The Stoner‐Wohlfarth model and the chain‐of‐spheres fanning model are used to calculate temperature dependence of the coercivity of acicular single‐domain particles by taking thermal effect into consideration. Coercivity of the particles is evaluated by summing up the contributions of shape anisotropy, magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetostrictive anisotropy. The coercivities of randomly assembled Fe₃O₄ particles above the transition point (119°K) and below room temperature are calculated and compared with the published experimental data.     

Effect of apple cider vinegar agent on the microstructure,phase evolution,and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles

In the present study, spinel structure CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion technique. The effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) addition as an organic biocompatible agent on the size, morphology, and magnetic properties of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles was investigated in detail. The phase evolution, particle size, and lattice parameter changes of the synthesized phase have been estimated by using Rietveld structure refinement analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data. Also, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) of the samples verified the presence of two expected bands correspond to tetrahedral and octahedral metal-oxygen complexes within the spinel structure. Furthermore, microstructural observations revealed that ultrafine particles have a semi-spherical morphology. It was shown that the particles size decreased from ~45 to ~17 nm with an increase in the amount of ACV. Magnetic properties were carried out by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature. Both the saturation magnetization (M_s) and coercivity (H_c) were found to be significantly dependent on the crystallite size and the amount of ACV.     

浅析NdFeB系纳米复合永磁材料的研究趋势

综述了纳米复合永磁材料研究的新进展,重点介绍了矫顽力机理方面的研究。通过研究掺杂和制备工艺对提高材料磁性能的作用,分析了该类材料的研究趋势:通过研究矫顽力机制提高材料的矫顽力;通过微掺杂或改进制备工艺,一方面改善材料的微观结晶结构,从而制备接近理论预言的理想磁体结构,另一方面增强晶粒取向,从而制备出高性能的各向异性永磁体。     

Effect of niobium on thermal stability and impact toughness of Nd-Fe-B magnets with ultra-high intrinsic coercivity

The effects of Nb on the thermal stability and impact toughness of ultra-high intrinsic coercivity of Nd-Fe-B magnets were investigated.The results showed that the addition of Nb could improve the thermal stability,and obviously increased the impact toughness of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets.The optimum thermal stability of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets was obtained when the content of Nb was 1.0 at.%.The maximum impact toughness of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets was obtained when the content of Nb was 1.5 at.%,but the magnetic properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets drastically deteriorated when the content of Nb increased from 1.0 at.% to 1.5 at.%.The microstructure showed that overfull Nb addition made many ultra-fine grains get together,which led to the density of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets decline and drastically deteriorated the magnetic properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets.     

磁场诱导下纳米镍纤维的制备及静磁性能

以乙二醇为溶剂,采用液相还原法成功制备了纤维状磁性金属镍。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、透射电子显微镜与振动样品磁强计对样品进行了表征和分析,研究外加均匀磁场对磁性镍粉的形貌和性能的影响。结果表明,未加磁场时,反应产物为链状镍纤维,当外加均匀磁场为0.3T时,反应产物变成线状镍纤维。二者得到的产物均为面心立方金属镍。链状镍纤维的比饱和磁化强度和矫顽力分别为47A·m2/kg及15.52kA/m,而线状镍纤维随着反应物浓度的变化,比饱和磁化强度分别为49A·m2/kg、42A·m2/kg、42A·m2/kg,矫顽力分别为14.96kA/m、18.94kA/m及20.22kA/m。分析认为这种差异可能是镍纤维的粒径差异以及形状各向异性等所导致。     

NdFeB/α-Fe纳米复合永磁材料矫顽力的微磁学模拟

假定弱磁晶间相和结构缺陷在纳米复合永磁材料的硬-硬、硬-软、软-软晶粒间均匀分布,且二者在不同晶粒间的性质和厚度均相同。研究了这类材料的矫顽力机理及其晶间相对材料矫顽力的影响。结果表明,软-软、软-硬、硬-软、硬-硬晶粒间均存在畴壁位移的钉扎场,而材料的矫顽力由硬-硬晶粒边界畴壁位移的钉扎场决定,且材料矫顽力随着晶相厚度d的增大而增大,而随着晶间相各向异性常数K1(0)的增大而减小。当K1(0)为0.8Kh(Kh为硬磁性相正常的磁晶各向异性常数),d在1~2nm范围内变动时,材料的矫顽力与实验结果符合得很好。     

(Nd_(0.7)Pr_(0.3))_(60-x)Fe_(30)Al_(10)Cu_x(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金磁性及矫顽力机理

采用铜模吸铸法制备了(Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-x Fe30Al10Cux(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金,利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了该合金的磁性能和磁粘滞行为。结果表明,这几种合金都呈现出较好的硬磁性。随着Cu元素的添加,矫顽力略有增加,但是合金的剩磁却没有变化。利用扫描速率法研究了(Nd0.7Pr0.3)60-x Fe30Al10Cux(x=0,1,2,4)大块非晶合金的磁粘滞行为,得到了这几种合金的相关磁性参数:热扰动场Hf为12.1~15.2 m T,热激活体积va为1.5×10-18~1.9×10-18 cm3。在所研究的合金中都存在明显的铁磁交换耦合作用,同时矫顽力与温度之间的关系符合Gaunt提出的畴壁钉扎模型,合金的硬磁性可能是这两方面共同作用的结果。