Effect of Fe2+ and Fe0 Applied Photo‐Fenton Processes on Sludge Disintegration

The disintegration of waste active sludge was investigated by photo‐Fenton processes. A batch study was conducted to evaluate parameters, such as Fe²⁺ and Fe⁰ ions and H₂O₂, governing the activated sludge integration by the photo‐Fenton process. Under optimum conditions, the concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) with the classical Fenton process (CFP) increased very rapidly in the first five minutes due to the sufficient presence of reaction components in the medium, and then the rate of increase declined. In the modified Fenton process (FTP), the SCOD concentration increased more slowly as metallic iron powder must first be dissolved. The photo‐Fenton process proved to be a feasible and efficient process for the disintegration of waste sludge.     

芬顿氧化-絮凝沉淀处理焦化废水应用研究

研究以"芬顿氧化+絮凝沉淀"组合工艺对某焦化厂的二级处理尾水进行深度处理,以小试优化条件用于实际尾水处理,考核指标为絮凝沉淀池最终出水COD。结果表明,组合工艺的优化运行条件:H2O2、Fe2+的质量浓度分别为210、185 mg/L,pH为3.5。在此条件下,实际尾水系统出水COD低于80 mg/L,能够满足GB 16171-2012的相关要求。     

镓锗铜萃余液综合利用研究与应用

本文针对镓锗铜综合回收系统产出的萃余液,设计通过中和氧化除杂、锌粉置换除铜镉、有机试剂除钴镍、纯碱法生产碱式碳酸锌、高温煅烧生产活性氧化锌和一步法生产元明粉的生产工艺流程,有效的将镓锗铜萃余液分类分离富集,产出具有价值的富集渣和工业产品,进一步提升综合回收经济效益。     

微电解Fenton法处理有机废水可行性研究

采用微电解Fenton法处理硫铵酯-苯甲羟肟酸-苯胺黑有机废水。考察了初始pH值、铁屑及活性炭投入量、曝气量、H₂O₂用量、催化剂MnO₂加入量和反应时间对废水COD、NH₃-N和色度去除率的影响。最佳条件为:初始pH=3、铁屑用量70 g/L、活性炭用量80 g/L、H₂O₂用量7 mg/L、MnO₂用量8.0 g/L、曝气量500 mL/(min·L)、反应时间20 min,此时废水COD、NH₃-N和色度的去除率达88.21%、93.57%和98.68%。通过多因素正交实验确定了影响COD、NH₃-N和色度去除率的因素强弱顺序为:铁屑投入量=活性炭投入量>H₂O₂用量>pH值>MnO₂用量。     

紫外分光光度法测定核酸含量的影响因素分析

选择寡聚核苷酸、鲑鱼精单链DNA、小牛胸腺双链DNA标准物质为样本,系统研究了溶液pH、苯酚、丙酮、蛋白质、多糖等对紫外分光光度法测量结果的影响情况,另外考察了核糖核酸(RNA)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的相互影响情况。研究发现基于分光光度法的核酸定量分析,易受溶液pH、苯酚、丙酮、蛋白质、多糖等的影响,另外,DNA和RNA之间也会相互干扰。因此,紫外分光光度法测定核酸含量时,特别是该方法用于核酸标准物质特性量值确定时,需要样品高度纯化,pH确定的条件下才能保证测量结果的准确可靠。     

Fenton 絮凝工艺去除废水中的有机物试验

为了研究废水中有机物的去除问题，针对某企业含有机物废水进行了对比试验，采用了Fenton 絮凝联合工艺去除废水中的COD（化学需氧量）和浊度，考察了初始pH值、H2O2投加量、H2O2与Fe2+投加物质的量比、反应时间、絮凝剂投加量以及絮凝剂投加时的pH值对COD以及浊度去除效果的影响。结果表明，采用最佳工艺参数组合后，浊度去除率和COD的去除率分别为99.32%和97.27%。     

Copper–4,4′-dipyridyl coordination compound as solid reagent for spectrophotometric determination of reducing sugar employing a multicommutation approach

In this work a multicommuted flow system employing copper–4,4′- dipyridyl coordination compound as the solid-phase reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of reducing sugar was developed. The coordination compound was synthesized through a reaction of the 4,4′-dipyridyl and copper (II) nitrate, under hydrothermal conditions. The complex was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), power X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the characterization, a multicommuted spectrophotometric procedure for the determination of reducing sugar using copper (II) complex as solid reagent is proposed. The proposed method was based on the redox reaction between a monosaccharide, such as fructose and glucose (reducing sugar) and Cu(II). This reaction, mediated in an alkaline medium, produces a yellow compound that can be determined by absorption electronic spectroscopy (λ_ABS = 420 nm). Under optimum experimental conditions, a linear response ranging from 1.0 to 20.0 g L⁻¹ (R = 0.9978 and n = 5), a detection (3σ criterion) and quantification (10σ criterion) limit estimated at 0.23 and 0.75 g L⁻¹, respectively, a standard deviation relative of 4.7% (n = 7), for a reference solution of 10.0 g L⁻¹ reducing sugar, and a sampling rate of 75 determinations per hour were achieved. The proposed system was applied to the determination of reducing sugars in coconut water and juices. The analysis of ten samples and the application of the t-test to the results found, and those obtained using reference procedures (AOAC), provided no significant differences at a 95% confidence level. This system enabled the analysis of reducing sugar with ease and simplicity, providing a significant economy of the solid reagent (600 μg per determination) and reducing effluent generation.