Evaluation of mannitol and xylitol on the quality of wheat flour and extruded flour products

Effects of polyols (mannitol and xylitol) on physical properties, pasting properties and dynamic rheological properties of wheat flour and the microstructure, water activity (A_w), radial expansion ratio (ER), oil absorption rate (OAR) and texture of extruded flour products were evaluated in this work. The results show that both mannitol and xylitol can promote gluten network formation, enhance tensile resistance and increase the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G'') of the dough. More dense and uniform particles were also found on the surface of extruded flour products in the presence of polyols by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the A_w, hardness and chewiness were reduced while the ER and ORA were increased for extruded flour products by incorporation of polyols. Thus, the extruded flour products with improved quality by polyols exhibit great application prospect in food industry.     

Use of Anionic Micelles in Photogalvanic Cells for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage Dioctylsulfosuccinate-mannitol-safranine System

Abstract

The photogalvanic cell containing dioctylsulfosuccinate micellar species, mannitol as an electron donar and safranine as photosensitizer has been used for solar energy conversion and storage. The electrical output of the cell was 870.0 mV as photopotential 150.0 μA as photocurrent and 130.5 μW as power at power point of the cell. The current voltage characteristics of the cell have been studied, and observed conversion efficiency was 0.7603%; determine fill factor was 0.50. The performance of the cell in dark was 40.0 minutes.     

蔗糖电解还原制备甘露醇、山梨醇研究

研究了蔗糖水解产物电解还原制甘露醇和山梨醇的工艺,以Raney Ni为催化剂,H2SO4为支持电解质,当总糖浓度为1.0 mol/L,pH=9～10,电流密度为32 mA/cm2,温度为40℃,通电量为理论电量的1.2倍时,总糖的转化率大于95%。     

成对电解同时合成甘露醇、山梨醇和葡萄糖酸盐

采用成对电解合成技术 ,在阴极电还原葡萄糖为甘露醇和山梨醇 ,葡萄糖的转化率达74 6 % ;在阳极电氧化葡萄糖为葡萄糖酸盐 ,其中葡萄糖酸钠的收率为 90 3 % ,电解槽的总收率为 16 4 9%。     

甘露醇交联的聚丙烯酸钠吸水树脂综合应用性能的测试

采用溶液聚合法合成了甘露醇交联的聚丙烯酸钠吸水树脂。用红外光谱和热重分析方法对聚丙烯酸钠超强吸水树脂产品进行了表征,测定了该树脂的溶胀动力学、耐热、耐寒、耐光性能及不同pH溶液对树脂吸水率的影响,分析了该树脂的羧酸根和凝胶含量,测试了不同温度下的吸水率、保水率。结果表明,该树脂在蒸馏水中的吸水率为1 750mL/g,在0.9%NaC l水溶液中的吸盐水率为130mL/g。利用热重分析法对该树脂的热分解动力学过程进行研究,并计算了热分解的活化能及指前因子。实验结果表明,该树脂的溶胀动力学扩散摸模型为non-Fickon扩散;热分解过程为一级反应。该树脂具有较好的综合应用性能。     

甘露醇交联的聚丙烯酸钠类高吸水性树脂的制备及性能研究

以多元醇甘露醇为交联剂、丙烯酸为单体、过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用溶液聚合法合成聚丙烯酸钠超强吸水剂.实验结果表明：单体浓度（单体在水中的质量百分比）为40%,中和度为75%,引发剂和交联剂用量分别占单体质量的0.5%和6%,反应温度为70℃时得到的产物吸水（蒸馏水）性1750 mL/g,吸盐水（生理盐水）性130 mL/g,探讨了产物的吸水动力学、保水率及热稳定性,并研究了不同pH值溶液、不同离子强度的盐溶液对产物吸液性能的影响.     

含多羟基功能基树脂的合成及其与硼酸螯合性能的研究

合成了数种含有多羟基醇单醚功能基的树脂，研究了反应条件及树脂的吸附性能。     

玻璃基多孔骨水泥的制备和性能研究

将SiO2-CaO-P2O5系统生物活性玻璃粉末、甘露醇和磷酸铵调和液均匀混合制得多孔玻璃基骨水泥.利用XRD、FTIR和SEM对骨水泥的晶相和显微结构进行了观察和分析,并对其显气孔率和力学强度进行了测试.实验结果表明,随着浸泡时间的增加,骨水泥固化体中生成了HAP晶体,HAP晶体呈短柱状,交织分布于玻璃颗粒间隙,尺寸大约为200nm;甘露醇晶体能在生理模拟液的浸泡下降解,降解后留下的孔隙显著增加了骨水泥的显气孔率,并且随着甘露醇含量的增加而增加,而体积密度和力学强度则呈下降的趋势.     

膜法提取甘露醇过程中膜的微生物污染及其控制

报告了海藻工业膜集成技术提取甘露醇工业化生产过程中膜的微生物污染及其控制的研究结果和长期运行的措施、经验．研究和运行结果表明，膜法提取甘露醇过程，极易发生微生物污染，且发展迅猛，危害严重．影响微生物污染的因素比较复杂，其主要因素是料液水温、含盐浓度、系统设计和运行状况；与常规膜法水处理过程不同，控制发生微生物污染，除了监控进料液SDI指标外，还要求控制进料液内菌群总数小于或等于2000cfv／mL；需重视清洗和杀菌消毒系统设计，确保清洗、杀菌剂能充满一切管阀、部件空间并清洗到每一个部分；选用尽量简短的工艺流程和抗污染膜组件；采用经济、有效、安全的杀菌剂并按规范程序进行消毒，只要严格按上述措施操作就可控制其微生物污染，保障系统稳妥运行．