Synthesis of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution photocatalyst by electrostatic self-assembly method

In this paper, under the control strategy of surface charge of BiOCl photocatalyst and the electrostatic adsorption of anions and cations in potassium bromide (KBr) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the self-assembly of “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution nanophotocatalyst at a lower temperature water bath was proposed for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive system (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV-Vis, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and Mott-Schottky curve, transient photocurrent densities, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to analyze the properties of materials, including its morphology, element distribution and chemical states, specific surface area, electrochemical property, and photogenic charge transfer. Based on the degradation performance of RhB dye wastewater and phenol in visible and ultraviolet light, and the band structure of BiOCl/Br solid solution, the reason for the improved photocatalytic activity was deeply discussed, and the possible degradation mechanism was also put forward. The above results show that Br⁻ can be inserted into the crystal lattice of BiOCl under the effect of electrostatic adsorption to form solid solution by the interaction between atomic orbitals, which not only reduces the bandgap width but also improves the separation and mobility of photogenic electrons and holes, causing the absorbed light to shift red to the visible region. In addition, when the n_Br⁻/n_Cl⁻ = 0.67, “walnut-like” BiOCl/Br solid solution was formed, and this kind of special core-shell structure not only can increase the specific surface area, increase the number of active sites, but also can make the light reflect and refract many times in the cavity and further increase the utilization rate of light energy, and then the best photocatalytic activity was achieved. This study provides an new method to enhance the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl and be conducive to the development of modern material science.     

生物质焦油成分分析及综合利用研究

生物质焦油是生物质热解和气化过程中产生的副产物,其成分非常复杂。实验对贵州省毕节市农机研究所设计的生物质气化炉所产生的生物质焦油进行了研究,选用混合溶剂(乙酸乙酯∶甲醇=5∶1)作萃取剂,采用GC/MS法对萃取物的化学成分进行了分析。结果表明,已定性的41种化合物大多为苯的衍生物,是重要的化工原料。     

核桃的营养保健功能及药用价值研究进展

核桃中所含的有益健康的成分如ω-3系多不饱和脂肪酸、生育酚、抗氧化剂及褪黑素等,对心脏病、动脉硬化、癌症、糖尿病、肥胖等慢性非传染性疾病的预防发挥积极的独到作用.本文就核桃的营养价值、保健功能及对与疾病预防方面的研究进展进行了综述.     

不同提取方法对新疆薄皮核桃油酸价和过氧化值的影响

探讨不同提取方法对新疆薄皮核桃油酸价和过氧化值的影响。分别采用索氏抽提有机溶剂(石油醚)法、超临界CO_2萃取法、冷榨法提取薄皮核桃油,用容量分析法测定油脂中的酸价和过氧化值,并比较三种方法提取的油脂的氧化稳定性。结果表明,提取方法对核桃油脂的色泽、气味、氧化稳定性影响较大。索氏抽提法操作简便、成本低,但得到的核桃油脂有溶剂残留,需脱溶,且提取时间较长。超临界CO_2萃取精密度可靠,得到的油脂品质和纯度高,但生产成本高。结合实际生产,冷榨法更适合用于核桃油的提取。     

Functional and conformational characterisation of walnut protein obtained through AOT reverse micelles

Walnut protein was extracted from defatted walnut flour by bis (2‐ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micellar system and alkali solution with isoelectric precipitation. The functional and conformational characteristics of two proteins were investigated and compared. Walnut protein obtained through AOT reverse micelles was found to have higher extraction yield, solubility, emulsifying activity, foam capacities, water‐ and oil‐holding capacity compared to the protein from alkali solution along with isoelectric precipitation, while the surface hydrophobicity (H₀), contents of disulphide bond (SS) and sulfhydryl group (SH) were relatively lower. The differences of H₀, SS and SH contents could be due to the conformational changes of walnut proteins using two extraction methods. FTIR spectra and data showed that the reverse micelles caused the decrease in α‐helix, β‐sheet, random and β‐turn of walnut protein, the increase in the side‐chain structure content, which could be responsible for the modification of functional properties.     

不同蛋白源酶解产物对过氧化氢诱导损伤PC12细胞的保护作用研究

本文以H_2O_2诱导损伤的大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞为细胞模型,分别研究了三种蛋白源酶解产物(脑活素、鳕鱼蛋白肽和核桃蛋白肽)对H_2O_2诱导PC12细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。结果表明,H_2O_2的加入会使得PC12细胞的细胞数目减少,部分胞体皱缩成圆形或椭圆形,周围光晕消失,且随着H_2O_2浓度的增加,细胞存活率逐渐降低。脑活素可获得最好的PC12细胞损伤保护作用,核桃蛋白肽次之,而鳕鱼蛋白肽作用不明显;此外,结果表明脑活素、鳕鱼蛋白肽和核桃蛋白肽对受损伤细胞的存活和增殖也能起一定的改善作用。因此,核桃蛋白肽是一种改善脑部功能性障碍的潜在原料。