基于移动窗口法的城市遥感生态质量评价研究

为进一步提高城市生态监测的精确度，在前人开展的城市生态遥感监测研究的基础上引入“区域尺度”的概念，充分考虑小区域范围内不同地物间的交互作用，并利用移动窗口模型(Moving Window-Remote Sensing Ecology Index, MW-RSEI)对沈阳市浑南区的遥感影像进行逐像元分析。实验结果表明，MW-RSEI模型和生态遥感监测模型（Remote Sensing Ecology Index, RSEI)在整体生态评价趋势上表现出一致性。但MW-RSEI模型对城市生态中的细节区域表征更明显。考虑到建筑及裸地周围植被的影响，其较差生态区域的占比仅为6%，生态评价为优的区域占比为11%。研究区生态评价结果表现得较为连续，并未出现明显的断层现象。该结果具有现实意义且与实际生态分布更为符合。MW-RSEI模型在城市生态监测中更为适用，可为相关部门提供一定的技术参考。     

Nonsimilar solution of a boundary layer flow of a Reiner–Philippoff fluid with nonlinear thermal convection

The thermodynamics modeling of a Reiner–Philippoff-type fluid is essential because it is a complex fluid with three distinct probable modifications. This fluid model can be modified to describe a shear-thinning, Newtonian, or shear-thickening fluid under varied viscoelastic conditions. This study constructs a mathematical model that describes a boundary layer flow of a Reiner–Philippoff fluid with nonlinear radiative heat flux and temperature- and concentration-induced buoyancy force. The dynamical model follows the usual conservation laws and is reduced through a nonsimilar group of transformations. The resulting equations are solved using a spectral-based local linearization method, and the accuracy of the numerical results is validated through the grid dependence and convergence tests. Detailed analyses of the effects of specific thermophysical parameters are presented through tables and graphs. The study reveals, among other results, that the buoyancy force, solute and thermal expansion coefficients, and thermal radiation increase the overall wall drag, heat, and mass fluxes. Furthermore, the study shows that amplifying the space and temperature-dependent heat source parameters allows fluid particles to lose their cohesive force and, consequently, maximize flow and heat transfer.     

Numerical simulation of the influence of confined multi-point ignited H2–O2 mixture on the propagation of shock waves towards a deformable plate

The study of shock wave propagation in a detonation chamber is of great importance as a part of the plate forming process. Investigations related to the effects of premixed gas detonation on the deflection of a plate require in-depth examination. An Eulerian-Lagrangian numerical simulation is conducted using the space-time conservation element and solution element method of LS-DYNA software to study the effect of confined multi-point ignited gaseous mixture on the dynamic response of thin plates clamped at the end of a combustion chamber. The FSI couples a Lagrangian finite element solver with a Eulerian fluid solver in a 2D space with detailed chemistry of H₂–O₂ mixture. The solution contains the detonation wave propagation through the combustion chamber and its interaction with the plate. The influence of variation in the multi-point ignition locations and combustion chamber dimensions on the pressure history and plate deflection is studied. To verify the model, a comparison with the experimental study is carried out using an adjustable model representative of the real experiment. The verified model is used to link the evolution of plate shape with the arrival time and intensity of shock waves within the chamber. It is found that a longer distance between the ignition point and the plate intensifies the ultimate deflection of the plate. In addition, a fairly large combustion area employed in a direction rather than transverse to the plate surface is unable to influence the ultimate deformation of the plate.     

SOINN-Based Abnormal Trajectory Detection for Efficient Video Condensation

With the evolution of video surveillance systems, the requirement of video storage grows rapidly; in addition, safe guards and forensic officers spend a great deal of time observing surveillance videos to find abnormal events. As most of the scene in the surveillance video are redundant and contains no information needs attention, we propose a video condensation method to summarize the abnormal events in the video by rearranging the moving trajectory and sort them by the degree of anomaly. Our goal is to improve the condensation rate to reduce more storage size, and increase the accuracy in abnormal detection. As the trajectory feature is the key to both goals, in this paper, a new method for feature extraction of moving object trajectory is proposed, and we use the SOINN (Self-Organizing Incremental Neural Network) method to accomplish a high accuracy abnormal detection. In the results, our method is able to shirk the video size to 10% storage size of the original video, and achieves 95% accuracy of abnormal event detection, which shows our method is useful and applicable to the surveillance industry.     

Meticulously tailoring phase boundary in KNN-based ceramics to enhance piezoelectricity and temperature stability

Although KNN-based ceramics with high electrical properties are obtained through a variety of strategies, the temperature sensitivity is still one of the key technical bottlenecks hindering practical applications. Here, we use a new strategy, meticulously tailoring phase boundary, to refine the ferroelectric boundary of KNN-based ceramics, leading to high piezoelectricity companied with improving temperature stability. The highest d₃₃ value in this system reaches 501 pC/N with a T_C ∼ 240°C, whereas a large strain of ∼0.134% can be kept with 10% lower deterioration until 100°C. The origin of high piezoelectricity is mainly attributed to the well-preserved multiphase coexistence and the appearance of nanodomains, which greatly facilitate the polarization rotation. Instead of the changed intrinsic thermal insensitivity, the precision phase boundary engineering plays an important role in strengthening the temperature stability of electric-induced strain. This work provides a simple and effective method to obtain both high electrical properties and excellent thermal stability in KNN-based ceramics, which is expected to promote the practical applications in the future.     

Effect of moving pictures on visual task performance and fatigue using 4K OLED and LCD TVs

This study compared the effects of 4K organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) and liquid‐crystal display (LCD) TVs on human visual task performance and fatigue when viewing moving pictures. In experiments conducted, subjects were asked to locate 35 icons among a total of 276 on‐screen icons at four moving picture speeds. From the results obtained, it was determined that OLED TVs (emissive type) exhibit superior characteristics for hit rate and false alarm rate compared with LCD TVs (non‐emissive‐type). The evaluation results of a simulator sickness questionnaire administered to ascertain fatigue levels also indicated that OLED TVs induce relatively little fatigue at fast‐moving picture speeds of 10 ppf or more compared with LCD TVs. Thus, this study confirms that OLED TVs, given their ultrafast response time characteristics, are superior in terms of moving picture images to LCD TVs.     

Data envelopment analysis based on team reasoning

Existing approaches to data envelopment analysis focus mainly on the derivation of the efficiency of the individual decision‐making unit (DMU) or on the calculation of the weights of multiple inputs or outputs, but pay little attention to the team interest of all the DMUs. Motivated by the idea of team reasoning, in which the benefit of the team is of higher importance than that of each individual, this paper considers all the DMUs as a team and introduces the team indexes including the overall efficiencies, variance, boundaries of all the DMUs, and relationships between DMUs. Several models are first developed to estimate values of the team indexes based on which decision makers can provide their preferences regarding them. Then, models are established to obtain the interval efficiencies of individual DMUs under the condition that the team indexes are satisfied. Several examples are given to illustrate the proposed approaches and verify their applicability.     

移动床活性焦烟气净化工艺中废活性焦的形成与特征分析

移动床活性焦低温干法烟气多污染物脱除技术在钢铁烧结烟气脱硫脱硝工艺中具有良好的适用性，但烟气净化过程中活性焦的损耗成为制约该技术推广应用的关键因素之一。以宝钢烧结烟气脱硫脱硝工艺中所产生的废活性焦为研究对象，通过考察其比表面积、孔容结构、灰分中重金属及碱金属含量、表面官能团特征及脱硫脱硝性能，探究烟气净化过程中活性焦组成、结构及表面性质的变化。结果表明，与新鲜活性焦相比，废活性焦粒度集中分布在0.2?5 mm，其表面的氮、氧、硫元素及过渡金属氧化物含量显著增加，比表面积由191.0 m2/g增加至499.0 m2/g，使废活性焦颗粒在150℃下脱硝率由20%提升到70%，120℃下穿透硫容由0.27 mg SO2/g提升至11.08 mg SO2/g，显示了良好的再利用潜力。     

Optimal design of Raman fibre amplifier based on terminal value optimization strategy and shuffled frog leaping algorithm

This paper introduces an evolutionary algorithm, Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA), to solve the optimization problem in designing the multi-pumped Raman Fibre Amplifier (RFA). SFLA is a powerful optimizer tool because of its efficient mathematical expressions and global search capability. We utilize SFLA to determine the optimal pump wavelengths and pump powers by minimizing the gain ripple of RFA. To accelerate calculations, a terminal value optimization strategy (TVOS) is incorporated into the evolution of SFLA. This proposed strategy takes the terminal power values of pumps as the decision variables in optimization. Then, the optimal original power values of the pumps are obtained by solving the Power Coupled Equations once, without using the traditional method of repetitive guesses.The combination of SFLA and TVOS enhances the efficiency of optimization and accelerates calculation, while satisfying the design requirements of RFA.The simulation results show that nearly 65% of computational time has been saved compared with the traditional average power analysis. The 4-pumped C+L band of backward multi-pumped RFA with the average net gain of 0 dB, 1 dB and 2 dB are designed individually, where the gain ripple is less than 0.64 dB. The combination of SFLA and TVOS enhance the optimization efficiency and improve the performance of RFA with good gain profile.