台阶形陆架上孤立波传播的数值模拟

为了研究孤立波在带有陡升台地的陆架上的传播,用MAC方法求解了二维纳维尔-斯托克斯方程。本文在以下几点,改进了东京大学提出的修正的网格标记法:1.给出交错网格的新的标号系统;2.推导出自由表面上非规则星的新的压力迭代公式;3.对流函数、压力和速度使用了三值悬旗;4.把一维Burgers方程的部分守恒形式扩展用于二维N-S方程。这些使得程序更简单和精确。计算结果证卖,物理上很好地解释了孤立波的传播,入射波分成了反射波和透射波,然后开始分裂、破碎。 本文计算结果与线性波理论的结果很一致,但后者不能给出波运动的过程。     

河口海岸水文信息处理系统

应用Visual Basic6.0应用程序、Microsoft Access数据库和FORTRAN语言开发的河口海岸水文信息处理系统，具有水文现场资料整编功能、利用分潮优化技术的潮汐调和分析及预报功能，且计算工作量相对较小，预报精度高。     

天津近岸海域沉积物叶绿素状况分析

于2006—2007年间,分4个季节对天津近岸10,m等深线以内水域进行了沉积物中叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a的调查研究工作,旨在了解该海域的沉积物叶绿素分布情况,为环境评价、生物资源研究提供背景资料.结果表明,沉积物中叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a分布存在站位和季节差异,脱镁叶绿酸a含量一般要高于叶绿素a含量.与已有研究结果比较,本研究海域的叶绿素a含量处于中等水平,而脱镁叶绿酸a含量偏高.     

弹道导弹中段机动变轨模型研究

鉴于弹道导弹在中段机动变轨会导致飞行轨迹和落点的改变,对弹道导弹中段机动变轨进行了研究.针对弹道导弹中段飞行,引入小火箭的推力作用,建立弹道导弹中段变轨运动模型,运用四阶Runge-Kutta积分法求解其飞行轨迹,并将两种时机的机动变轨结果与自由飞行情况进行了比较,变轨时的中段结束点位置改变较为明显.仿真结果表明了该模型的有效性.该变轨模型可为目标的跟踪研究提供依据.     

沿海地区汽车腐蚀的原因与防护方法探析

在沿海潮湿地区，汽车的腐蚀问题十分突出，但易被人们所忽视。通过对汽车腐蚀原因的分析，提出了一些防腐蚀方法与措施，为汽车的合理使用、正确维护保养提供参考。     

长江南京八卦洲汊道治理与沿岸经济发展探讨

长江南京八卦洲汊道左汊缓慢衰退、分流比减小,河床淤积抬高,影响了沿岸大型企业集群的运行安全。介绍了八卦洲汊道已实施的整治工程和效果,结合汊道沿江地区的经济发展状况,提出保持河势长期稳定和充分利用岸线资源等汊道整治需求,提出系统整治的指导思想和初步方案,并针对具体的整治要点和难点提出针对性建议,以期提供适合岸线开发利用的水域条件,促进沿岸经济可持续发展。     

基于统计方法的舰炮对岸作战效能建模与仿真

研究舰炮作战效能优化建模问题,现代舰炮对岸支援作战任务强度高且时效性强,合理规划弹药携带量和适时确定打击目标需发射弹药数优化,影响实施任务完成的关键因素。针对传统的舰炮对岸作战规划和实施主要依据经验所固有的不确定性,为提高最佳匹配效能,减少盲目性,提出了一种统计方法的舰炮对岸作战效能评估仿真模型。模型根据舰炮对岸支援作战的形式和特点,在对真实的舰炮对岸作战过程进行必要和合理简化的基础上,考虑舰艇海上运动、环境和弹丸散布三个影响舰炮对岸射击误差的随机因素,用以确定上述优化关系,从而为制定高效的对岸火力支援作战方案提供参考,最大限度地发挥舰炮武器系统对岸作战效能。仿真证明了方法的有效性和实用性。     

Remote sensing of phytoplankton community composition along the northeast coast of the United States

Satellite imagery has proven to be a powerful tool for measuring chlorophyll a in surface waters. While this provides an estimate of total phytoplankton biomass, it does not distinguish between phytoplankton groups, many of which have functional differences and therefore affect biogeochemical cycles differently. Phytoplankton pigment analysis has been used to quantify a wide range of photosynthetic and accessory pigments, and chemotaxonomic analysis (e.g. CHEMTAX) has been used to successfully quantify functional taxonomic groups in nature based on pigment distributions. Here, we combine CHEMTAX analysis with satellite-derived distributions of specific phytoplankton pigments to describe the distributions of particular components of the phytoplankton community in the northeast coast of the United States from space. The spatial and seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure elucidated through satellite remote sensing methods generally agreed with observations of abundance estimates of cell counts. Diatoms were generally the most abundant phytoplankton in this region, especially during Winter-Spring and in the inner shelf, but phytoplankton populations shifted to increasing abundance of other taxa during Summer, especially offshore. While still preliminary, satellite-derived taxa-specific information with proper regional controls holds promise for providing information on phytoplankton abundance to a taxonomic group level which would greatly improve our understanding of the impacts of human activity and climate change on ecosystems.     

河口海岸生态环境研究现状 及发展趋势

在广泛查阅国内外关于河口海岸生态问题研究相关文献基础上,综述了河口海岸侵蚀治理研究、河口地区水质研究和河口湿地的恢复与重建等三个热点方向的研究现状。进而,根据研究现状和我国河口海岸研究的实际需求,对海岸侵蚀,河口水质恢复和湿地保护等有关河口生态环境的研究方向进行了展望。     

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF LONGSHORE CURRENTS OVER PLANE AND BARRED BEACHES

Experiments were conducted to determine the vertical profile of the longshore currents over plane and barred beaches. The logarithmic law is applied to fit the data for the region below the wave trough and an adjusted logarithmic profile without the mass transport velocity is applied to the region above the wave trough. The results indicate that the logarithmic law fits the data well for both plane and barred beaches. The friction velocity and the relative roughness obtained by the data fitting are compared with relevant calculated results.