基于移动窗口法的城市遥感生态质量评价研究

为进一步提高城市生态监测的精确度，在前人开展的城市生态遥感监测研究的基础上引入“区域尺度”的概念，充分考虑小区域范围内不同地物间的交互作用，并利用移动窗口模型(Moving Window-Remote Sensing Ecology Index, MW-RSEI)对沈阳市浑南区的遥感影像进行逐像元分析。实验结果表明，MW-RSEI模型和生态遥感监测模型（Remote Sensing Ecology Index, RSEI)在整体生态评价趋势上表现出一致性。但MW-RSEI模型对城市生态中的细节区域表征更明显。考虑到建筑及裸地周围植被的影响，其较差生态区域的占比仅为6%，生态评价为优的区域占比为11%。研究区生态评价结果表现得较为连续，并未出现明显的断层现象。该结果具有现实意义且与实际生态分布更为符合。MW-RSEI模型在城市生态监测中更为适用，可为相关部门提供一定的技术参考。     

Novel energy-saving window coating based on F doped TiO2 nanocrystals with enhanced NIR shielding performance

To reduce the energy consumption of cooling in the hot summer days, searching for novel NIR shielding materials for buildings is of great value. In this report, monodispersed F doped TiO₂ nanocrystals with an average size of 8.6 nm were synthesized as novel solar shielding materials for energy-saving windows. All the products adopted an anatase TiO₂ structure. After doping of F ions, the morphology of TiO₂ was transformed from an irregular shape to a pseudospherical shape. The Raman shift and XPS depth analysis confirmed the successful doping of F⁻ ions into the lattice oxygen sites in the TiO₂ structure. The introduction of F⁻ ions generated free electrons and bulk Ti³⁺ in TiO₂ crystals, which activated a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption in the NIR region. Correspondingly, the NIR shielding performance of the TiO₂ films improved with increasing F doping amounts. The NIR shielding value of the films increased from 1.3% to 43.2% when the molar ratio of F to Ti increased from 0 to 0.3. The reason can be attributed to the enhanced NIR absorption induced by the increased electron concentration after doping of fluorine ions. The F–TiO₂ films showed superior visible transmittance (90.1–96.7%). Moreover, the F–TiO₂ films lowered the indoor temperature of the heat box by 5.3 °C in the thermal tests. Overall, the prepared F–TiO₂ nanocrystals show a great potential to be used for energy-saving windows.     

基于LBT-SA的LoRaWAN信道接入方法研究

标准LoRaWAN协议中定义的纯ALOHA信道接入方法在网络负载较大时会造成大量碰撞，使LoRa网络的可扩展性和可靠性受到极大挑战。为此提出了一种将先听后说与模拟退火相结合（Listen Before Talk combined with Simulated Annealing，LBT-SA）的LoRa信道接入方法。该方法通过在设备发送之前先监听信道，降低信道被同时接入的概率，并以成功传输所需退避时间为初始值，搜索更小的退避时间。仿真结果表明，LBT-SA和基于二元指数退避算法的先听后说（Listen Before Talk，LBT）方法在包成功传输率方面保持了高度的一致，并且LBT-SA在周期传输过程中逐渐减少了不必要的退避时间，从而减少了时延。在多达10 000个终端接入单个网关的场景中，该算法的平均退避时间至少降低了16.38%。     

Evaluation of the electrical integrity of E-textiles subjected to environmental conditions

E-textiles contain electrically conductive elements and electronic devices that are integrated in textile substrate. Wearable e-textiles are expected to perform like textiles in terms of breathability, conformability, and comfort despite the presence of the electrically conductive elements and electronics. E-textiles are also expected to provide reliable data and signal processing like electronic devices while they are subjected to normal wear and tear under different environmental conditions. The goal of this research was to investigate the electrical integrity of e-textiles while they are subjected to environmental conditions. Different woven samples of electronic-improved outer tactical vest with two narrow conductive traces woven in the warp direction were subjected to range of temperatures and humidity, including extreme conditions. The effects of formation parameters (e-yarn type, number of e-yarns/trace, and weldability), temperature, and humidity on the integrity of the e-textiles were studied. It was found that resistance of networks was affected by changes in air temperature and humidity and the quality of the weld had the greatest impact on electrical integrity of the conductive network. This impact was pronounced in more extreme environmental conditions, which revealed that there was a strong interaction between the weldability, temperature, and humidity.     

Window Detection in Facades Using Heatmap Fusion

Journal of Computer Science and Technology - Window detection is a key component in many graphics and vision applications related to 3D city modeling and scene visualization. We present a novel...     

Greatly improved NIR shielding performance of CuS nanocrystals by gallium doping for energy efficient window

In this work, gallium doped copper sulfide (Ga-doped CuS) nanocrystals were prepared using a solvothermal method. The effects of Ga doping on the crystal structures, chemical composition, morphology, optical properties and thermal performance of copper sulfide (CuS) were investigated. The Ga-doped CuS nanocrystals had a hexagonal structure comparable to that of pure CuS. The Cu⁺/Cu²⁺ ratio first decreased and then increased with increasing Ga³⁺ doping. Both CuS and Ga-doped CuS exhibited nanoplate and nanorod morphologies. The visible transmittance of the Ga-doped CuS films was in the range of 61–77.1%. Importantly, the near-infrared (NIR) shielding performance of the films can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the Ga dopant. The NIR shielding value of the optimal Ga-doped CuS film was 72.4%, which was approximately 1.5 times as high as that of the pure CuS film. This can be ascribed to the enhanced plasmonic NIR absorption that resulted from an increase in the hole concentration after doping with Ga³⁺ ions. In the thermal performance test, the Ga-doped CuS film lowered the interior temperature of the heat box by 9.1 °C. Therefore, the integration of good visible transmittance and high NIR shielding performance make the Ga-doped CuS nanocrystals a promising candidate for energy-efficient window coatings.     

Modeling occupant behavior of the manual control of windows in residential buildings

Window opening and closing is the most preferred behavior for occupants to control their indoor environment in homes. This study aims to identify driving forces for window opening and closing behavior in the home. The additional field survey was carried out for the cooling period after following the previous study. The state of windows and environmental variables for outdoor and indoor were continuously monitored in 23 sample homes over one year. The monitored data provide evidence that there is a statistically significant relationship between window opening behavior and outdoor temperature. The behavior of the occupant's manual control of windows can be described by seasonal effects, occupancy, and time of day. Indoor stimuli, such as such as temperature, humidity, and CO₂, can better account for the window opening behavior than can outdoor stimuli. There are clear differences in driving variables between window opening and closing behavior. The closing behavior is better described when the outdoor and indoor variables are combined. Finally, multivariate logistic regression models were developed to predict typical patterns of window opening and closing as a function of indoor and outdoor variables.     

超级电容器用solvent-in-salt型电解液的研究进展

Solvent-in-salt (SIS)型电解液作为一类新型超浓缩电解液，主要由水或者有机溶剂和易溶盐组成，具有溶液溶剂化程度小、自由溶剂分子少、电化学窗口宽、电化学稳定性高等特点，在超级电容器中显示了独特的优势并展现了良好的应用前景。本文重点综述了SIS型电解液的原理和优势，梳理了近年来SIS作为超级电容器电解液的研究进展，总结了其存在的问题，同时展望了SIS型电解液未来的发展方向。     

Root cause analysis of the fracture of a sonar window caused by hydrostatic,hydrodynamic, and transient forces around a ship

Sonar systems are installed in naval vessels to inspect objects in the sea. When the system is installed at the bulbous bow of the ship, it can be vulnerable to fractures in rough seas due to hydrostatic and hydrodynamic forces, such as fluid-induced forces, and transient forces, such as slamming and collision with submerged foreign objects. In this paper, root causes analysis (RCA) of the fracture of a sonar window of a typical naval vessel was performed. To identify the root causes of the fracture, a numerical analysis was performed of the stress distribution on a sonar window under various extreme conditions. The results of the analysis, together with hypotheses of the causes of the fracture, are presented. The results of the analysis were verified by measuring the stress on the sonar window under typical sailing conditions of ships. The RCA demonstrated that buckling in response to the hydrostatic forces applied under the typical operating conditions of a water management system (WMS), in addition to excessive slamming, can cause a sonar window to fracture. Based on this RCA, corrective actions to prevent sonar window fractures include changing the material of the window and the operating conditions of the WMS.     

Random-valued impulse noise removal using adaptive dual threshold median filter

Noise detection and its removal is very important in the image processing. Detection of noise is very crucial and significant in random valued impulse noise because it does not hamper the image pixels uniformly. This paper presents a novel and unique concept of adaptive dual threshold for the detection of random valued impulse noise along with simple median filter at noise removal stage. Simulation results shows that an efficient noise detection leads to a superior quality of de-noised image as compared to existing adaptive threshold based image de-noising techniques. Proposed threshold computation is based on averaging of pixel values of window which enhances the PSNR of our system as compared to existing median filter based image de-noising methods.